honest persons to conduct him, who was tied under the horse's belly. Then the earl sent for me into his own chamber, and being there he commanded me to go in to my lord, and there to give attendance upon him, and charged me upon an oath that I should observe certain articles.

'The next day being Sunday, my lord prepared himself to ride when he should be commanded, and after dinner, by that time that the earl had appointed all things in good order within the castle, it drew fast to night. There was assigned to attend upon him five of us, his own servants, and no more; that is to say, I, one chaplain, his barber, and two grooms of his chamber; and when he should go down the stairs out of the great chamber my lord demanded for the rest of his servants. The earl answered that they were not far, the which he had enclosed within the chapel because they should not disquiet his departure.

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Sir, I pray you," quoth my lord, "let me see them or ever I depart, or else I will never go out of this house." "Alack, my lord," quoth the earl, "they should trouble you, therefore I beseech you to content yourself." "C Well," quoth my lord, "then I will not depart out of this house but I will see them and take my leave of them in this chamber."

'And his servants being enclosed in the chapel having understanding of my lord's departing away, and that they should not see him before his departure, began to grudge and to make such a rueful noise that the commissioners doubted some tumult or inconvenience to arise by reason thereof, thought it good to let them pass out to my lord, and that done they came to him into the great chamber where he was, and there they kneeled down before him, among whom was not one dry eye, but pitifully lamented their master's fall and trouble. To whom my lord gave comfortable words and worthy praises for their diligent faithfulness and honest truth towards him, assuring them that what chance soever should happen unto him that he was a true man and a just to his sovereign lord. And thus, with a lamentable manner, shaking each of them by the hands, was fain to depart, the night drew so fast upon them.

'Then rode he with his conductors towards Pomfret, and by the way as he rode he asked me if I had any familiar acquaintance among the gentlemen that rode with him. "Yea, sir," said I; "what is your

pleasure ?" "Marry," quoth he, "I have left a thing behind me which I would fain have." "Sir," said I, "if I knew what it were, I would send for it out of hand." "Then," said he, "let the messenger go to my Lord of Northumberland and desire him to send me the red buckram bag lying in my almonry, in my chamber, sealed with my seal."

'With that I departed from him and went straight unto one Sir Roger Lassels, knight, who was then steward to the Earl of Northumberland (being among the rout of horsemen as one of the chiefest rulers), whom I desired to send some of his servants back unto the earl, his master, for that purpose. Who granted most gently my request, and sent incontinent one of his servants unto my lord to Cawood for the said bag, who did so honestly his message that he brought the same to my lord immediately after he was in his chamber within the abbey of Pomfret, where he lay all night. In which bag was no other thing enclosed but three shirts of hair, which he delivered to the chaplain, his ghostly father, very secretly.

'And the earl remained still all that night in Cawood Castle to see the despatch of the household and to establish all the stuff in some surety within the same. And which research prompted this inquiry of the Cardinal: "My Lord of Northumberland hath found a book at Cawood that reporteth how ye had but late fifteen hundred pounds in ready money, and one penny thereof will not be found, who hath made the king privy by his letters thereof. Wherefore the king hath written unto me to demand of you if you know where it is become, for it were pity that it should be embezzled from you both."

"For this money that ye demand of me," quoth the Cardinal, “I assure you it is none of mine, for I borrowed it of divers of my friends to bury me and to bestow among my servants, who have taken great pains about me, and like true and faithful men. Notwithstanding, if it be his pleasure to take this money from me, I must hold me therewith content. Yet I would most humbly beseech his majesty to see them satisfied of whom I borrowed the same, for the discharge of my conscience." "Who be they?" quoth Master Kingston.

"That I shall show you," saith my lord. "I borrowed £200 thereof of Sir John Allen, of London, and £200 of Sir Richard Gresham, and

£200 of the Master of the Savoy, and £200 of Doctor Hickden, dean of my college in Oxford, and £200 of the treasurer of the Church of York, and £200 of the Dean of York, and £200 of parson Ellis, my chaplain, and a £100 of my steward, whose name I have forgotten, trusting that the king will restore them again their money, for it is none of mine."'

Amid all King Henry's pretended kindness to the Cardinal it is very pitiful to see how keenly he looked after this paltry £1500, as to which he cross-examined Cavendish until he had found out the monk to whom Wolsey intrusted it.

Wolsey was arrested in November, 1530, and died the 28th of the same month. On November 14, 1532, the king was married to Anne Boleyn secretly in the presence of the Duke of Norfolk and her father and mother and brother and Dr. Cranmer. The grounds on which the king did this were that his former marriage being of itself null, there was no need of a declarative sentence after so many universities and doctors had given their judgment against it. The Princess Elizabeth was born September 7, 1533. In 1534 the Great Hall of Lambeth Palace witnessed a special gathering of the clergy under Archbishop Cranmer to take the oath which assigned the royal succession to the heirs of the then exultant Anne Boleyn; and on that occasion the wise and brave Sir Thomas More and his fellow prisoner, Bishop Fisher, were brought hither from their Tower dungeons to take the same oath; but, though they knew full well the consequences, they fearlessly refused, and suffered for their consistency.

The shade of Wolsey was shortly to be revenged, for by a refinement of cruelty, the Earl of Northumberland was obliged to sit on the trial of Queen Anne. She was found guilty on the 15th May, 1536, and sentenced to be brought to the green within the Tower, and there burned or beheaded, as shall please the king. On the same day, when the Lord Rochford was brought to the bar, the Earl of Northumberland was absent on account of a sudden illness: no doubt arising from the part he had been compelled to take in the sentence of the queen.

State trials under the eighth Harry always bore a foregone conclusion. The accusation against the queen was that she had committed adultery

with four gentlemen of the Court, one of them Sir Henry Norris*. In those days torture was employed to extort confession, yet only one of the parties confessed anything. Is it likely, however light her conduct may have been, brought up as she had been in the Court of France, that she would have dared to commit herself so fearfully under the eye of the most feared and jealous tyrant and husband then living? We cannot but think that a modern historian has been most innocent in his belief on this occasion of her guilt. The king was married the very next day‡ to her successor. Is it necessary to say anything more on this subject ? Such a trial, of which the evidence of the witnesses taken was carefully destroyed, was nothing but a judicial murder.

As to the family of Norris: Henry Lord Norris was the son of Sir Henry Norris, the gallant friend of Anne Boleyn, who maintained her innocence to the scaffold. Hence Elizabeth, daughter of the murdered queen, regarded him with peculiar favour, and in her eighth year knighted him in his own house at Rycote, where she was placed under his guardianship. She nicknamed Lady Norris' my own crow,' from her swarthy complexion, and wrote to condole with her, on the death of one of her sons, by this designation. The tomb is Corinthian, with light columns supporting a canopy, beneath which lie the figures of Lord Norris and his wife. Around the base kneel their eight sons. William, the eldest, was Marshal of Berwick. Sir John had three horses shot under him while fighting against the Spaniards in the Netherlands. Sir Thomas, Lord Justice of Ireland, died of a slight wound 'not well looked after.' Sir Henry died of a wound about the same time. Maximilian was killed in the wars in Brittany, and Edward, Governor of Ostend, was the only survivor of his parents. Thus, while the others are represented as engaged in prayer, he is cheerfully looking upwards. Queen Elizabeth loved the Norrises for themselves and herself, being sensible that she needed such martial men for her service.-'Walks in London-Westminster Abbey.'

In the Court of France Anne had been in the service, at one time, of Marguerite, Duchess of Alençon and Berry, who being favourable to the Reformed religion, had instructed (so it is said) Mistress Anne therein, and had given her a New Testament. This, the story goes, Anne lent to a young gentleman, who was absorbed in its perusal during service in the chapel. Whereupon the dean took it from him. But he informing the queen thereof, she was angry with the dean, reclaimed the book, and gave it to her husband, King Henry. Burnet says as to her, after mentioning the share that she had in inducing Henry to order a translation to be made of the Scriptures :

'But this was the last public good act of this unfortunate queen, who the nearer she drew to her end grew more full of good works. She had distributed in the last nine months of her life between £14 and £15,000 to the poor, and was designing great and public good things. And by all appearance, if she had lived, the money that was raised by the Suppression of Religious Houses had been better employed than it was.' After the execution.

Before her execution she was summoned to Lambeth Palace. On the east side of the post room is the entrance to the chapel, but before passing in it will be well to describe the crypt or under chapel. This crypt, with its boldly groined roof, was no doubt of a date anterior to the chapel itself, and was probably used for religious services before the chapel above had been completed.

This crypt is not without its sad memories. Here stood the unhappy Anne Boleyn on the 17th May, 1536, the day after sentence had been passed upon her in the Tower by the packed tribunal bound to condemn her to death, suddenly summoned (on the salvation of her soul,' as in mockery the summons ran) to appear before the Archbishop Cranmer, himself no less suddenly summoned from his retirement at Oxford. That gloomy crypt, then capacious enough for the purpose, was a fitting scene for such a deed of darkness. Cranmer was required to extort from the now fallen friendless young queen a confession that she had been previously betrothed to Lord Percy, the object of her girlish affection, and that therefore her after marriage with the king was invalid.

Such a confession might, it was suggested, save her the terrible death of being burned as an adulteress. It might, perchance, even save her life, and possibly the lives of her beloved brother and the noble gentlemen doomed on her behalf. Under such persuasion, life or death hanging in the balance, the confession-a conscious falsehood-was uttered.

In vain did she thus abandon her own rights as a wife and her daughter's as a queen. In that crypt Cranmer pronounced the dread judgment that her marriage was invalid, and she, for whom he avowed to the king that he bore special love, passed from his presence up the stone steps into the post room, thence down the stairs of the watertower, there entered her barge, and was stealthily and in silence borne down the stream to her prison, to hear, as she floated along, the death knell of the victims she had hoped to save, and three days after herself to follow them to the block.

A supposed pre-contract with the Earl of Northumberland was thus made the pretence for a divorce, though the earl, in a letter to Secretary