Christian the Seventh, who succeeded to the throne in 1766, married, the same year, the princess Caroline Matilda, sister of his Britannic majesty, George the Third, by whom he has Frederic, prince royal, born 1768, and Louisa born 1771.

BRANCH OF HOLSTEIN GOTTORP.

THIS branch of the house of Holstein, which has given sovereigns to Russia and Sweden, took place in the person of Adolphus, a younger son of Frederic the First of Denmark, who was born in 1526.-From Adolphus was descended Frederic the Second, duke of Holstein, born in 1671.-He succeeded his father in 1695. He accepted a commission under Charles the Twelfth on his expedition against Augustus king of Poland; and was slain in an action near Cracow 1702.-He married Hedwige Sophia, daughter of Charles the Eleventh king of Sweden, by whom he had Charles Frederic his successor-and Sophia Amelia.

Charles Frederic, duke of Holstein, was born 1700.-Succeeded his father 1702; and died 1739.-He married Anne, daughter of Peter the Great and the empress Catharine, 1725; by whom he had an only child, Charles Peter Ulrick, whom the Swedish states intended to have called to the succession of that crown, as the lineal descendant of Charles the Eleventh; but he was at the same time (1742) declared heir to the imperial crown of Russia, by the empress Elizabeth, his aunt.

BRANCH OF HOLSTEIN GOTTORP ON THE THRONE OF SWEDEN.

ADOLPHUS Frederic was the son of Christian Augustus and grandson of Christian Albert by Frederica, daughter of Frederic the Third of Denmark. ---Christian Augustus was bishop of Lubec; and, on the death of his brother Frederic the Second, was administrator of the states of Holstein, during the long minority of his nephew, Charles Frederic.-He married

Albertina,

d

Albertina, daughter of the marquis of Baden Dourlach, by whom he had Adolphus Frederic and several other children.---Frederic king of Sweden, landgrave of Hesse Cassel, having no child by his queen Ulrica Eleanora, the states would have nominated Charles Peter Ulrick duke of Holstein, grandson of her elder sister, to the succession. But that prince was declared heir to the crown of Russia. On which the states nominated Adolphus Frederic, his father's second cousin. By virtue of which he succeeded Frederic in 1751.-He married 1744 Louisa Ulrica, daughter of Frederic the second of Prussia, by whom he had Gustavus his successor ---Charles duke of Sudermania, born 1748---Frederic Adolphus, born 1750 ---Sophia Albertina, born 1753.

GUSTAVUS THE THIRD was born in 1746, and succeeded his father in 1771. He married in 1766 Sophia Magdalen, daughter of Frederic the Fifth of Denmark, by whom he had Gustavus Adolphus, his heir, born 1778 and another son born 1782.---Gustavus being assassinated in 1792, was succeeded by his present majesty, who married in 1797 the princess Frederica of Baden, by whom he has two sons and a daughter.

HOUSE OF LORRAIN.

THE family of Lorrain, according to Busching, is descended from Gerard d'Alsace, to whom the emperor Henry the Third granted it in 1048.--From him descended John duke of Lorrain, who had by Mary de Blois two sons; Charles, his successor, whose heiress, Isabella married René d'Anjou king of Naples and Ferry, founder of the branch of Vaudemont, whose grandson, Ferry the Second, married Jolantha, daughter of the above René and Isabella, whose son René the Second, succeeded to the government.-René the Second was the father of Anthony the Second, in whom was continued the house of Lorrain.-Claud, who was created duke of Guise; from whom descended the branches of Mayenne, Aumale and ElbeufCharles the celebrated cardinal of Lorrain-and Mary, who was married to James

See Frederic the Second of Holstein Gottorp.

с

In his time Bar was added by will of the lastduke.

James the Fifth of Scotland.--Anthony the Second, duke of Lorrain, married Renée de Bourbon, Dame de Merceur, and had by her Francis his successor, and Nicholas, who was the founder of the branch of Merceur, he being created a duke by that title by his son-in-law Henry the Third of France. From the line of Merceur descended that of Moy--and from that of Elbeuf descended those of Harcourt, Lillebonne, Armagnac and Marsan.

From prince Nicholas of Lorrain, brother of duke Charles, was descended Charles Leopold, born 1643, distinguished by the part which he bore in the war with Lewis the Fourteenth and his subsequent misfortunes.→ He had by Eleanora, widow of Michael king of Poland, Leopold Joseph, who succeeded him in 1690.-This prince was restored to the dominions of which his father had been stripped. He married Elizabeth daughter of Philip duke of Orleans, by whom he had his successor, Francis Stephen, who received the duchy of Tuscany in exchange for that of Lorrain and Bar, by a treaty between France and Austria in 1737. ---This prince, who was born in 1708, was married in 1736 to Maria Theresa, afterwards empress queen, whose descendants may be seen in the genealogy of Austria.

HOUSE OF ORANGE.

THE house of Nassau is descended from Otho count of Nassau, who was a general in the army of Henry the Fowler in the tenth century.---From him was descended Henry the Second of Nassau, who died 1254 leaving two sons; Walrame, in whom the original family was continued, and from which that of Wisbaden and Weilburg afterwards branched; and Otho, who formed the branch of Nassau Dillemburg.---From Otho, count of Nassau Dillemburg was descended William, who died 1559 leaving also two sons; William who formed the branch of Orange, which expired in William the Third of Great Britain; and John who continued the branch of Dillemburg.---John, count of Nassau Dillemburg, dying 1606 left four sons; John, who formed the branch of Nassau Seigen, George, who continued that of

Dillemburg,

Dillemburg, Ernest Casimir, who formed that of Dietz, and John Lewis, who formed that of Hadamar.

From William, the founder of the branch of Orange, descended a series of princes celebrated as the defenders of the liberties and independency of their country against the tyranny of the house of Austria, and Lewis the Fourteenth's immoderate thirst of dominion. These were WILLIAM of Nassau Orange-PHILIP WILLIAM-MAURICE, HENRY FREDERIC-and WILLIAM.The last of these princes married Mary daughter of Charles the First of England, by whom he had his heir William Henry, who succeeded him in his charges in 1650.---This prince, married the princess Mary, eldest daughter of James the Second of England, and was raised to the throne of that kingdom in 1699.

William, having no child, was succeeded in his dominions in 1702 by his cousin, John W. Friso of Nassau Dietz.---He had, by Louisa of Hesse Cassel, Charles H. Friso, who succeeded him in 1711.-Charles married the princess Anne, daughter of George the Second, by whom he had William, prince of Orange, born 1748, who succeeded him 1751.---He married in 1767 Frederica, sister of Frederic William the Second, king of Prussia, by whom he has Frederic William, the hereditary prince, born 1772— William, born 1774-and Frederica, born 1770.

FAMILY OF ROMANOW ON THE THRONE OF RUSSIA.

t

THE aborigines of Moscovy, according to Muller, were called Tshudi; which he supposes to have been the same with the Finns, Carelians and Estlanders. But, during the middle ages, settlements were formed on the south by the Sclavonians, and on the north by the Scandinavians, who called themselves Waragers.-About the middle of the ninth century three of the Scandinavian leaders were chosen chieftains; two of whom died without issue; and from the third, Ruric, descended the dukes of Russia of the first race, which terminated in Theodore the Second who died in 1598 without heirs.---The disputed right of succession rendered the country a scene of anarchy and bloodshed till 1613; when a powerful party of the

nobles

nobles raised Michael Theodorowitz Romanow, a youth of seventeen years of age, related by the mother to the family of Ruric, to the throne.Michael was succeeded in 1645 by his son Alexis; who died in 1676, leaving by his first czarina, two sons; Theodore and John; and a daughter, Sophia; and by his second, the czar Peter, and a daughter, Catharine.---His successor, Theodore, died in 1682 without children, and named his half-brother to the succession in preference to his own brother, on account of the incapacity of the latter.

John, son of czar Alexis and Mary, daughter of Daniel Milolauski, was declared joint sovereign with czar Peter 1682.---He married Prescóvia, daughter of Theodore Soltikoff: by whom he had Catharine, married tò Charles Leopold, duke of Mecklenburg Schwerin; and Anne, married to the duke of Courland, who was raised to the throne of Russia on the death of Peter the Second in 1730.---He died in 1696.

CZAR PETER THE FIRST, Son of Alexis by Natalia daughter of Cariloff Nariskin, was born in 1672.---When ten years old he was declared joint sovereign, as above related.---At an early age he was married to Eudoxia Lapuchin, by whom he had the czarowitz, Alexis, and was divorced in 1696.---In 1712 he was married to a young woman of low extraction of the name of Alfendeyl, by whom he had two sons who died before him, and three daughters, Anne married to the duke of Holstein Gottorp, Elizabeth, who was raised to the throne, and Natalia, who died immediately after him.---Peter dying in 1725 named his empress Catharine successor.--That honour Catharine enjoyed only two years.

Alexis, the czar's only son by Eudoxia Lapuchin, a prince of an unhappy and perverse temper, was arraigned for state offences, and received the sentence of death, in 1718, and died the ensuing day in prison.--He had by his princess, Charlotte of Brunswick Wolfembuttel Brankenburg, a son, born 1715, who succeeded to the throne on the death of the empress Catharine in 1727, by the name of PETER THE SECOND.

Peter dying unmarried in 1730, it was supposed that he would have been succeeded either by Anne, czar Peter's eldest daughter, married to the duke of Holstein, or by Catharine, eldest daughter of czar John, married to the duke of Mecklenburg Schwerin. But the Russians were induced by poli tical motives to raise Anne, younger sister of the latter, married in 1710

to