CONSECRATING BISHOP.

DATE.

CONSECRATED Bishop.

51. Jonathan Winchester John Bangor1

William Lincoln

Richard Gloucester 2

52. John Canterbury

Nicholas St. Davids 3

Robert Norwich1.
Thomas Oxford
53. Thomas Canterbury
Joseph Rochester
Martin Gloucester 4

Thomas Norwich 5

54. Frederick Canterbury
Edmund Ely 5

Robert Oxford 5
John Rochester 6
55. John Canterbury
John Peterborough &
James Lichfield 6
Richard Gloucester 7

56. Charles Canterbury
William London 8

Robert Chichester 8
John St. Davids

57. Edward York 10

Charles R. Winchester
Christopher Gloucester

58. John B. Canterbury Ashurst T. Chichester 9 John Lincoln 11

Henry M. Carlisle 12

59. Archibald C. Canterbury John London 11

Edward H. Winchester 18

Alfred Llandaff

Christopher Lincoln

James Hereford 13.

Frederick Exeter

James R. Ely 14

Henry Nottingham

Edward Dover 15

60. Edward W. Canterbury

John London

Connop St. Davids
Edward H. Ely
Henry Worcester

61. Frederick Canterbury Edward W. Canterbury Frederick London

Anthony W. Winchester
William D. Lichfield
Alwyne Ely

Harvey Carlisle

George Southwell

William B. Ripon

R. S. Colombo

H. B. Minnesota

J. C. Campbell (Bangor)

A. Barry (Sydney)

62. Randall T. Canterbury.

Randall Thomas (Davidson) Rochester, Winchester, Canterbury.

IT

THE PREFACE.

T is evident unto all men diligently reading holy Scripture and ancient Authors, that from the Apostles' time there have been these Orders of Ministers in Christ's Church; Bishops, Priests, and Deacons. Which Offices were evermore had in such reverend Estimation, that no man might presume to execute any of them, except he were first called, tried, examined, and known to have such qualities as are requisite for the same; and also by publick Prayer, with Imposition of Hands, were approved and admitted thereunto by lawful Authority. And therefore, to the intent that these Orders may be continued, and reverently used and esteemed in the Church of England; no man shall be accounted or taken to be a lawful Bishop, Priest, or Deacon in the Church of England, or suffered to execute any of the said Functions,

THE PREFACE.

For full notes on this important Preface, see the preceding Introduction to the Ordinal.

Church of England] This is misprinted in some modern Prayer Books "the United Church of England and Ireland.” The above is the only legal form, and the reasons why it is desirable to retain that form are stated at page 82.

It is evident unto all men] For notes on this subject, consult the preceding Introduction.

Twenty-three years of age] The Excerpts of Archbishop Egbert, quoting a Carthaginian Canon, decree: "Placuit ut ante xxv annos ætatis, nec diaconus ordinetur, nec virgines consecrenter, nisi rationabili necessitate cogente." The Pupilla Oculi [1. vii. c. 4, A.], "Ordinandus in exorcistam, lectorem, seu ostiarium debet esse major infante, i.e. major septennio. Et similiter ille qui primam tonsuram suscipit ordinandus in acolytum debet esse major xiiij annis. Item major xvij annis potest ordinari in subdiaconum. Major etiam xix annis potest ordinari in diaconum: et major xxiv annis in sacerdotem: et major xxx annis potest esse Episcopus." [MASKELL, Mon. Rit. iii. cvii.]

times appointed in the Canon] In 1661, on April 21, the Committee for the revision of the Ordinal resolved, "quod nullæ ordinationes clericorum per aliquos Episcopos fierent nisi intra quatuor tempora pro ordinationibus assignata." [CARDW. Synod. ii. 670.] These are the Ember Days, the Ymberyne Dagas (from ymbe, a course, and ryne, a running) [per totius anni circulum distributi. ST. LEO, Serm. viii. de Jej. X. mens. Op. tom. i. col. 59] of the Anglo-Saxon Church, occurring in regular circuit and course, the Jejunia quatuor temporum, corrupted into Quatember in German, and Ember in English, the Fasts of the Four Seasons on which the year revolves. They are the Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday after the First Sunday in Lent, after Whitsunday, after Sept. 14, Holy Cross, and after Dec. 13, St. Lucy.

except he be called, tried, examined, and admitted thereunto, according to the Form hereafter following, or hath had formerly Episcopal Consecration, or Ordination.

And none shall be admitted a Deacon, except he be Twenty-three years of age, unless he have a Faculty. And every man which is to be admitted a Priest shall be full Four-and-twenty years old. And every man which is to be ordained or consecrated Bishop shall be fully Thirty years of age.

And the Bishop knowing either by himself, or by sufficient testimony, any person to be a man of virtuous conversation, and without crime, and, after examination and trial, finding him learned in the Latin Tongue, and sufficiently instructed in holy Scripture, may at the times appointed in the Canon, or else, on urgent occasion, upon some other Sunday or Holy-day, in the face of the Church, admit him a Deacon, in such manner and form as hereafter followeth.

Gelasius, probably, was the first who limited the seasons of general ordination to certain times of the year. Micrologus says, "Gelasius papa constituit, ut ordinationes presbyterorum, et diaconorum non nisi certis temporibus fiant." [Cap. 24, p. 448, edit. Hittorp.] So also Rabanus Maurus: "Sacras ordinationes quatuor temporum diebus oportere fieri, decreta Gelasii papæ testantur.' [De Instit. Cleric. 1. 2, c. 24, p. 338, ibid. MASKELL, Mon. Rit. iii. cxxii.] Muratori is of opinion that no fixed and general rule for the observance of Ember weeks existed until the Pontificate of Gregory VII., c. 1085. [Diss. de Jej. IV. temp. c. vii. Anecd. tom. ii. p. 262.] Our Canons of 1604 enjoin as follows:

CANON 34.

The Quality of such as are to be made Ministers.

No Bishop shall henceforth admit any person into Sacred Orders, which is not of his own diocese, except he be either of one of the Universities of this realm, or except he shall bring Letters Dimissory (so termed) from the Bishop of whose diocese he is; and desiring to be a Deacon, is three and twenty years old; and to be a Priest, four and twenty years complete; and hath taken some degree of school in either of the said Universities; or at the least, except he be able to yield an account of his faith in Latin, according to the Articles of Religion approved in the Synod of the Bishops and Clergy of this realm, one thousand five hundred sixty and two, and to confirm the same by sufficient testimonies out of the holy Scriptures; and except moreover he shall then exhibit Letters Testimonial of his good life and conversation, under the seal of some College in Cambridge or Oxford, where before he remained, or of three or four grave Ministers, together with the subscription and testimony of other credible persons, who have known his life and behaviour by the space of three years next before.

ORDINATION OF DEACONS.

a Sar.

Sermon or Exhortation] An Exhortation to the Deacons after the presentation will be found in Assemanni viii. 377, from the Pontifical of Clement VIII., and one to the Priests after the address to the people. [Ibid. 363.] By the Sarum and Exeter Pontifical, after the Introductory Sermon the Bishop read out the Prohibitions or Canonical Impediments. In the Winchester Pontifical the Sermon by the Bishop follows the presentation of the Deacons by the Archdeacon. The rubric directs that it shall treat "de castitate, de abstinentia, et his similibus virtutibus: terribiliter interdicens ne quis ad sacros ordines venire præsumat qui pecuniam dare promittere præsumpserit." [MASK. Mon. Rit. iii. 155.]

the Arch-Deacon] Next to the Bishop himself, his vicar the Archdeacon is charged with the duty of examining candidates for ordination, and is to declare that "he has inquired of them and also examined them." [Comp. CATALANI, Pont. Rom. tom. i. § xvi. p. 51, Rome, 1739. MARTENE, de Antiqu. Rit. tom. ii. col. 39, B.C. Antv. 1736. Council of Coyaco, A.D. 1050, c. 5. Labbe, tom. xi. col. 1441, E.] This is in conformity with the Council of Carthage and the Canon Law as early as the ninth century. "Nos meminimus expressisse quod ad Archidiaconum debeat pertinere examinatio etiam clericorum si fuerint ad Sacros Ordines promovendi.' [Decret. GREG. 1. i. tit. xxiv. c. vii.] "Ea de jure communi ad Archidiaconi spectent officium, scil. repræsentare ordinandos Episcopo et illos examinare." [Ibid. c. ix. Corp. Jur. Can. tom. ii. col. 315. 48. 316. 44.] "De jure civili hæc examinatio pertinet ad Archidiaconum; ad hæc alias, si sit absens Episcopus, potest per se examinare, si velit, vel aliis

TaQuando ordines agantur, primo fiat sermo si placeat Dum officium canitur, vocentur nominatim illi qui ordinandi sunt . . .

¶ Deinde sedeat episcopus ante altare conversus ad ordinandos, et archidiaconus capa indutus humiliter respiciens in episcopum cum his verbis alloquatur, ita dicens. ....

DOSTULAT hæc sancta Ecclesia reverende

POST

pater, hos viros ordinibus aptos consecrari sibi a vestra paternitate.

Resp. Episcopi: Vide ut natura, scientia, et moribus, tales per te introducantur, immo tales per nos in domo DOMINI ordinentur personæ, per quas Diabolus procul pellatur, et clerus DEO nostro multiplicetur.

Resp. Archidiaconi: Quantum ad humanum spectat examen, natura, scientia et moribus digni habentur, ut probi cooperatores effici in his, DEO volente, possint.

idoneis circa latus suum id committere." [LYNDEWOOD, Prov. Anglic. 1. i. tit. v. vi., Oxf. 1679, p. 33. Comp. BINGHAM, Orig. Eccles. b. ii. c. xxi. sect. 7, vol. i. p. 94, ed. 1724; and MORIN, de Sacr: Ord. pt. iii. c. iii. § 3, p. 218, D.] By the 4th Council of Carthage, A.D. 398, c. 5, 6, 7 [Labbe, ii. col. 1437-8], the Archdeacon was to give the vessels used by his order to the Deacon. By the Capitulars of Hincmar, A.D. 877, c. xi., the Archdeacons receive this injunction: "Sollicite providete de vitâ et scientiâ clericorum quos ad ordinationem adducetis, ne pro aliquo munere tales ad ordinandum introducatis qui introduci non debent." [Op. HINCMAR, tom. i. p. 740, Lutet. 1645.] About the beginning of the eleventh century, the Archdeacon in the Greek Church bore a prominent part at ordinations [Euchologium; MORIN, de Sacr. Ord. pt. ii. p. 63, Antv. 1695], and two centuries after this rubric occurs, ὁ μέλλων χειροτονεῖσθαι εἰς τὴν διακονίαν προσάγεται VπÒ Tоû áрxidiaκóvov. [Ibid. p. 69.] In the Syro-Nestorian Ordinal, as translated by Morin: "Stat præsul super sedem et qui ordinandi sunt subtus candelabrum ubi adorant; tum dicit Archidiaconus, Oremus" [P. ii. p. 373], and in the Coptic Ordinal : Postquam præsentator Diaconi ex sacerdotibus intellexit eum hoc Ministro dignum esse, præsentabunt eum Episcopo testificantes de eo. Stabit autem præsentatus ante altare coram Episcopo." [P. ii. p. 444, C.]

or his Deputy] In the Ordering of Priests, "or, in his absence, one appointed in his stead." That is, one of the examiners of the candidate, "alter clericus cui Episcopus faciendum injunxerit" [Pont. Mogunt. ann. circa cccc. Ord. xvi.; MARTENE, de Ant. Rit. ii. col. 214], and so by English Canon Law: "In die ordinum celebrandorum Archidiaconus vel Examinator alius ad hoc deputatus, in actu celebrationis