all is full, doe wee gette the holes thatched and closed up againe immediately, for feare of wette beatinge in. Then if there bee any hey to spare for which wee wante howse-roome, wee either stacke it abroade, or doe make it up in a pyke, settinge our stacke or pyke in our barrennest close, and newe inclosed growndes that are mossy and heartlesse, therewith intending to fother our sheepe in winter, whearefore wee sette a good hedge or fence aboute it, and take in a good parcell of grownde with it, whearin to putte hogges and weake sheepe in winter, that they may serve themselves of the stacke, and likewise bee succoured of the grownde in open weather. A stacke is made allwayes after the manner of a longe square, having a ridge like the ridge of an howse; and a pyke, rownde, and sharpe att the toppe ; and as for stackes, they usually beginne att an ende, and soe cutte them eaven downe to the bottome with an heyspade made for that purpose; but for pykes, they usually pull out the hey with hey-crookes. In makinge of a pyke they first frame theire staddle accordinge to the loades of hey that they presuppose shall bee layde in them, then doe they bringe it outwards by degrees till they come to a man's height, and then doe they againe take it by degrees, orderly, till it come to bee sharpe att the toppe; then, when they come allmost att the toppe, they lette it alone three or fower dayes to sattle, settinge another little pyke by it to toppe it upp withall; then, when they see howe and which way it sattleth, they may alter and doe with it as they please; then, when they have finished it, they twine two longe hey-bandes and cast over the toppe of it, to keepe it from risinge and blowinge away with the winde. In makinge of a stacke or pyke, yow are allwayes to shake the hey lightly on aboute the sides, and that is the onely way to binde it and keepe it fast; for if the hey bee doubled in, as some will doe, to make it shewe more neate, when it cometh to bee raked it will come out by lumpes, whearefore yow are to shake it loosely on; and yow are to doe the like in loadinge of an hey-waine. It is very behoovefull to see that an haywaine bee well raked, both the endes and the sides, after that shee is well tyed; otherwise, all the loose hey will either shake of, or else bee scratched of with trees and thornes. It is good likewise in windy weather to carry a longe peece of woode to lye on that side of the waine that is towardes the winde, thereby to keepe downe the hey on that side till they loade on the other.

OF THE NUMBER OF DAYWORKES AND LOADES OF HEY THAT WEARE IN EVERIE PARTICULAR CLOSE.

First of the closes belonginge to the Manner-howse.

The South Wandell close, with its bottomes, is 8 dayworkes, or will serve one mower 8 dayes; it is tythe-free, and had in it five score and tenne grasse cockes, which weare allmost five loades. The North Wandell close is 4 goode dayworkes, with its bottomes; it is tythe-free, and had in it this yeare, viz., 1641, 53, which weare two good loades. The waine-way into this close is in att the gate adjoyninge to Pocklington gate.

The Lords-garth is 3 sufficient dayworkes; it is tyth-free, and had in it 94 grasse cockes which weare allmost 4 loades ; the waine-way into this close is aboute the middle of Pinder lane, wheare yow are to pull downe a gappe.

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The Cunnigarth, with its bottomes, is 4 large dayworkes for a good mower; it is tythe-free, all but for the peece called Akam Garth; it had in it, this yeare, nine score grasse cockes, which weare 8 loades; the bottomes thereof are not to pay any tythe because they weare waste grownde, and wonne from the river; noe, not the bottomes that are against the peece of grownde called Akam Garth neaver have, neyther ought to pay any tythe: the manner is, for these bottomes, first to make them into grasse cocke, and soe to lette them stande fower or five dayes, till they have had a sweate; and then to make the heymakers goe, two and two togeather, and to putte theire forkes and rakes under the cockes, and soe to bringe the cockes whole and altogeather up the hill; then are yow to throwe three or fower of them togeather into greate cocke, that they may bee ready and stande easie for the waines to come to; the waine-way into this close is att the gate by Styringe-lane, pullinge down a little peece of the hedge on the south side of the gate.

The Mount-Sikes is 5 dayworkes, and had in it (this yeare) seaven score and two grasse cockes, which weare 5 good loades of hey; it is likewise tythe-free, exceptinge some little shorte

• We here meet with what is still the genius of the North Country dialects, the rejection of the possessive 8.

Common as this name may be, as applied to a garth, it has its own significance here. The warrens of Coldham, Burdale, and Driffield-greets, or Kellithorpe, were, in their day, most celebrated. Above a hundred trees grew in it till lately.

The Mount-Sikes doubtless derived its name from a mound in one corner of it. Having opened several Anglo-Saxon barrows in the neighbourhood with success, Lord Londesbrough cut it away, but it proved to be only a natural deposit of

sand.

buttes, in the north-east corner, which pay tythe; the waineway into this close is in att the gate a little within the gate of the Greate Sikes.

The Spellowe is 4 indifferent dayworkes, and had in it (this yeare) five score and nine grasse cockes, which weare fower good loades; of these the little Staggarth had seaven; the waine-way into this close is in att the gate on the west side.

The Chappell-Garth is 2 dayworkes, and had in [it] 55 grasse cockes, which weare two good loades; this close is tythe-free, and the usuall waine-way into it is in att a gappe adjoyninge on Howsam-lane, wheare a peece of hedge is to be pulled downe.

The Hither Longe Close is 6 good dayworkes: it is tythefree, and had in it (this yeare) eleaven score and sixe grasse cockes, which weare nine loades; the highway into this close is up the Carre lane, and soe in att the gate-steade at the farre ende.

The Farre Longe Close, or East Close, is 10 day workes; it is tythe-free, and had in it (this yeare) seaventeene score and twelve grasse cockes, which weare allmost sixteene loades; the waine-way into this close is in att the gate that is beside the Carre-gate.

The Fower-Nooked peece is allmost halfe a dayworke, and had in it (this yeare) 17 grasse cockes; it payeth tythe, and is allwayes lettin with the Farre Longe Close because the highway into this close lyeth through the Farre Longe Close.

The Lane (commonly called the Carre lane, because it is nowe made the high way into the Carre) is not halfe a day-worke; it belongeth to the Demaines, and is therefore likewise tythefree; it had in it (this yeare) 13 grasse cockes.

• In the north-west corner of this close is a semicircular plot of ground, which was specially exempted at the time of sale and secured to the heirs of the Rev. Francis Best in the following words :-"The Portion of land No. 39 upon the Plan, (one printed in 1843) as now fenced in, having been used as a Burial Ground, is excepted out of these Particulars of sale, except one foot in width on the West side thereof adjoyning the Road; which foot in width is to be subject to a right of road for the Vendor and his heirs for the purposes of Interment and of repairing the Tomb and Fences, but for no other purpose; it being distinctly understood that the freehold of the said Burial Ground (except as aforesaid) shall remain in the Vendor and his heirs but shall not be used for any purpose whatever except for the interment of the said Vendor and his family; and in case of any attempt on the part of the Vendor and his heirs to make any other use of the said Ground the same shall be conveyed to the Purchaser of the Estates comprised in these Particulars his heirs or assigns." Francis Best, Esq., was buried in this private vault in 1779, and Rosamond [Constable] his widow in 1786, the service being read in Little Driffield Church.

⚫ Foundations still exist in this garth, but of what antiquity I cannot say, nor am I aware of any licence for a chapel at Elmswell.

The Three Nooked peece is two good dayworkes; it is tythefree, and had in it (this yeare) three score and sixeteene grasse cockes, which weare three loades; the high way into this close is up the Carre lane, and soe in att the gate-steade.

The Bramble Hill is 4 large dayworkes; it is tythe-free, and had in it (this yeare) tenne score and five grasse cockes, which weare altogeather eight loades.

When the Horse Close was wonte to bee mowne it was allwayes accounted eight dayworkes, with its bottomes. When wee used to mowe rounde aboute the Corne-Sikes, viz.: the balkes and swangs att the farre ende, that was accounted three dayworkes.

The Little Intake in the towne becke is halfe a dayworke, and had in it (this yeare) 17 grasse cockes; which, after they had stoode awhile in greate cocke, weare brought to the hedgeside, and there made all into two greate cockes; and soe, when wee weare to leade them, wee sette our waine in the river, wheare wee use to have our wateringe place, and soe forked the hey over the hedge, and loaded the waine as shee stoode in the becke; this close is allsoe tythe-free.

The day-workes in the Carre are not to bee mentioned, because it appertaineth to divers men, as is hereunder shewne. Next unto Bramble hill, Lynsley farme hath 3 landes. Then Whiteheade's farme hath 2 landes. Then Bonwick's farme hath 2 landes. Then Edward's farme hath 3 landes. Then Labourne farme hath 4 landes. Then West hall hath 8 landes. Then Skelton farme hath 4 landes. Then West howse farme hath one lande. Then Pinder's East howse farme hath 2 landes. Then West howse farme hath againe 4 landes. Then the Manner howse hath a tythe-free balke. Then West hall hath more 3 landes. Then Edward's farme hath more 4 landes, which lye next that close which belongeth to the Demaines, and is commonly called the Carre close. There are in all 30 landes, besides the tythe-free balkes, which lye Northe and Southe; every one of which landes have bottomes belonginge unto them, unlesse it bee such as have theire endes abuttinge on the river; there is a newe Intake on the other side of the river, which lyeth just against the West hall's 8 landes, and apperteineth to the same; in this Intake there is a little flaggie peece, towardes the west ende; which flaggie peece belonged to Pinder's 2 landes, and hee had given in exchainge for this all the bottome

• A small land is four yards wide; an ordinary land is (at Driffield) nine; there is yet a land in the Buttes, in what was the West Field of Elmswell, twelve yards in breadth.

that belongeth to one of the Fower Oxegange landes, viz.: of that lande which lyeth next unto Whitehead's landes.

The Manner howse hath belonginge to it in the Carre, the aforesaide tythe-free balke; the twel-peece, which is tythe-free, and lyeth next the south-east corner of Bramble hill; it hath formerly been severed and distinguished by a rundle, but nowe of late hath Pinder incroched, and bownded it in with a stone, and a wilfe tree that groweth in the hedge of the Bramble hill bottomes, soe that there is onely left the little rownde hill, and a little parte of that bottome which was before. There is allsoe belonginge to the Demaines three buttes which lye next the south-east corner of the Farre Longe Close, which are allsoe tythe-free; these belongeth more to the Manner howse, the bottome called St. Nicholas Inges, which is bownded on both sides with the fower landes belonginge to Skelton farme, for there is three of them on the West side of it, and one of them on the East. The Inges are tythe-free, and come just to the ende of the latter, and noe further; for that which goeth on to the Long-Close side are sayd to bee Skelton lande endes. There is on the East side of the Inges a peece of an hill-side which belongeth to it, and is tythe-free; it adjoyneth on the hither ende of the outermost of the three buttes: next unto that, Skelton farme hath one lande, which goeth on to the side of the buttes; then West howse farme hath one, which lyeth next unto Skelton's; then Pinder's East house farme hath two, and then the West howse farme hath one againe, which lyeth next unto the hedge.

OF THE DAYWORKES ACCOUNTED TO THE CLOSES OF THE WEST HALL.

The Cherrie-garth is 4 dayworkes, and had in it (this yeare) seaven score and sixe grasse cockes, which weare five good loades; this close payeth tythe, and the high way into [it] is to pull downe a gappe beside the gate on the East side.

The Sheepe-garth belonginge to the West hall is not half a dayworke; it payeth tythe, and had in it this yeare 17 grasse cockes; there is noe high way into it, whearefore the cockes weare brought on forkes and rakes and made into fower greate ones by the wall-side, and soe the waine stoode without.

The Closes apperteininge to the West-howse farme.

There are belonging to this farme three little closes, which, beinge putte togeather, make two small dayworkes; the South Close had in it (this yeare) 46 grasse cockes, which weare allmost two loades; the North and West Closes had each of them 17 grasse cockes; there is noe waineway into these closes, but

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