condition of mortality and humanity, not confiding that such a thing can be carried to its perfect close in the space of one single age, but assigning it as a task to a succession of generations."

Instaur. Mag. Præf. ad fin.

HISTORY OF THE GREEK SCHOOL PHILOSOPHY, WITH

REFERENCE TO PHYSICAL SCIENCE.

CHAPTER I.-PRELUDE TO THE GREEK SCHOOL PHILOSOPHY.

Sect. 1. First Attempts of the Speculative Faculty in Phy-

sical Inquiries

23

Sect. 2. Primitive Mistake in Greek Physical Philosophy. 32

CHAPTER II.—THE GREEK SCHOOL PHILOSOPHY.

Sect. 1. The general Foundation of the Greek School Phi-

losophy

Sect. 2. The Aristotelian Physical Philosophy

Sect. 3. Technical Forms of the Greek Schools

37

41

55

CHAPTER III.-FAILURE OF THE GREEK SCHOOL PHILOSOPHY.

Sect. 1. Result of the Greek School Philosophy

Sect. 2. Cause of the Failure of the Greek Physical Phi-

67

losophy

72

Sect. 1. Formation of the Notion of a Year .

Sect. 2. Fixation of the Civil Year

Sect. 3. Correction of the Civil Year. (Julian Calendar)

Sect. 4. Attempts at the Fixation of the Month

Sect. 5. Invention of Lunisolar Years

Sect. 6. The Constellations.

Sect. 7. The Planets

Sect. 8. The Circles of the Sphere

Sect. 9. The Globular Form of the Earth.

Sect. 10. The Phases of the Moon

Sect. 11. Eclipses

Sect. 12. Sequel to the Early Stages of Astronomy

109

120

123

126

132

137

140

147

150

151

154

CHAPTER II.-PRELUDE TO THE INDUCTIVE EPOCH OF

HIPPARCHUS.

CHAPTER III.-INDUCTIVE EPOCH OF HIPPARCHUS.

Sect. 1. Establishment of the Theory of Epicycles and

157

169

Page

186

Sect. 2. Estimate of the Value of the Theory of Eccentrics

Sect. 3. Discovery of the Precession of the Equinoxes

CHAPTER IV.-SEQUEL TO THE INDUCTIVE EPOCH OF

HIPPARCHUS.

Sect. 1. Researches which verified the Theory

190

Sect. 2. Researches which did not verify the Theory

194

Sect. 3. Methods of Observation of the Greek Astronomers

Sect. 4. Period from Hipparchus to Ptolemy.

197

205

Sect. 5. Measures of the Earth

211

Sect. 6. Ptolemy's Discovery of Evection

213

Sect. 7. Conclusion of the History of Greek Astronomy

Sect. 8. Arabian Astronomy

220

222

BOOK IV.

HISTORY OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE IN THE

Introduction

MIDDLE AGES.

CHAPTER I.-ON THE INDISTINCTNESS OF IDEAS OF THE

235

CHAPTER III.-OF THE MYSTICISM OF THE MIDDLE

1. Neoplatonic Theosophy

2. Mystical Arithmetic

3. Astrology

4. Alchemy

5. Magic

AGES.

CHAPTER IV.-OF THE DOGMATISM OF THE MIDDLE

AGES.

1. Origin of the Scholastic Philosophy.

2. Scholastic Dogmas

3. Scholastic Physics

4. Authority of Aristotle among the Schoolmen

5. Subjects omitted. Civil Law. Medicine.

CHAPTER V.-PROGRESS OF THE ARTS IN THE MIDDLE

AGES.

281

283

289

293

303

306

311

316

324

325

329

CHAPTER II.-INDUCTION OF COPERNICUS. THE HELIO-

CENTRIC THEORY ASSERTED ON FORMAL GROUNDS.

368