and wonders to find a set of men, struggling for exis-gia and the French milliner, may all hope for a smile tence, so selfish as to hope for profits sufficient to or a courteous word from the fountain of honour. support life, and then so weak as to content them- "In this immense crowd, slowly moving through selves with a lower. The only difference between the apartments, no instance of disorder or incivility the native tradesmen and the foreigner in Mr. Raikes' ever occurs; not even in an attempt to steal the complaint appears to be this, that the latter, having most trifling ornament, which to some must be a the alternative of trying his fortune elsewhere, will great temptation: the emperor is in the midst of his not be content with less than bread and cheese; the family, and the children are on their good behaviour. former having no such refuge, if his customers will The wives of the rich Russian merchants press not allow him cheese to his bread, resigns himself to through the dense multitude, decorated with necklaces and ear-rings of pearls and diamonds, without any apprehension. bread alone. 66 But in truth honesty, like religion and politics, is liable to national peculiarities. The virtues of every It would be no great injustice to suppose that, country are to a certain extent arbitrary and tradi- out of these twenty-five thousand guests, some of tional. Each nation has its own code, its strong and them might have been light-fingered yesterday, and its weak points, its inviolables and its exceptions. will be equally adroit on the morrow: but on this How would a simple Russian gentleman be bewil- evening a feeling of respect, of curiosity, and of pleadered who should be initiated suddenly into our in- sure, seems to engross every other sentiment, and numerable tricks of trade, our imitations and adul- these dubious characters leave their dexterity with terations, our flash manufactures and quackeries, our their pelisses at the door of the palace."-pp. 137collusions and evasions, and the connivance of all 139. classes in frauds on the revenue, and other graver breaches of the law. If our authors tell us true, no- Russia spells generally sufficient to check the hand Respect for the emperor and for the church are in where does honesty exhibit itself in such arbitrary of mischief, greediness, or need. So also, it appears, and conventional forms as in Russia. Mr. Stephens, is respect for the person. "Like all uncivilized the American traveller, says, in his account of the great bazaar of Moscow, containing 6,000" bargain ing shops:" "The merchants live at a distance, and on leaving their shops at sun-down, each of them winds a piece of cord round the padlock of his door, and seals it with soft wax-a seal being with the Russians more sacred than a lock." Is it that hon in various directions, "the Russian peasant is inmen," says Mr. Venables, who traversed the country clined to pilfer; but open robbery or acts of violence are very rare, and one may travel unarmed in perfect that there is on the whole so little violence in our security through the empire." Now we are aware esty is not a national virtue but a superstition in Rus-affect our comfort; yet as a mere fact, a mere concountry, that the apprehension of it does not sensibly sia? If so we can only say it had better be that, tribution by the way to the statistics of crime in than not be at all. The emperor appears to enjoy England, contrasting rather unfavourably with Mr. the benefit of this superstitious honesty to an extent Venables' account of Russia, we will mention that almost incredible in our enlightened state of society, for the last three months there has scarcely passed a as we are informed by Mr. Raikes, in whose mind, week without two or three highway robberies within however, the loss of his trunk never ceased to rankle: twenty miles of where we are writing. In what is called public honesty, it does not really "Yesterday," he says, "was the Russian's New seem likely that Russia will gain much by compariYear's Day; it was celebrated by a fete which can son with nations that have arrivied at more liberal be seen in no other country; it is a fete original, ex-institutions. Perhaps, in fact, the greatest reproach traordinary, and characteristic of the nation. The of the empire is bribery, which prevails to nearly as sovereign and his family commence the new year by great an extent, though not indeed with so great a an assembly given to the people; not less than twen- disregard of appearances as far as the lower orders are ty-five thousand invitations are issued to this gigantic concerned, as in England. It is true that the conrout. At seven o'clock in the evening the doors of the struction, or rather the simplicity, of the Russian winter palace and of the Hermitage are thrown open social state, precludes most of those particular to the multitude; the innumerable rooms are lighted motives and channels and outward guises of corrupup with myriads of wax candles; at convenient dis- tion with which we happen to be more familiar. tances are placed sideboards with refreshments, There are no popular elections, no parliamentary elecadorned with pyramids of gold and silver plate; bands tion committees, no multitudes to be duped, bought, of military music resound in every corner to amuse or besotted, no conflict of parties to be supported at the ear; picked men, of the highest stature, from the all events, no government by patronage, no political guards, are stationed in the ante-rooms, to give effect jobbing, no strongholds of private, no floods of public, to the scene; and liveried servants swarm in every corruption; but still though the form be different, the direction more numerous than the troops. And for thing widely exists. Strange as it may seem to our whom was this colossal entertainment prepared notions, in Russia the higher grades, and the holders For every rank and degree; from the highest noble of office are, as regards the manner of the thing, the to the lowest peasant, all were equally welcome with-bribed, not the bribers. This, however, is not so unout distinction to pay their respects at the foot of the intelligible as at first sight appears. Bribery is the throne: there are no exclusions; rich and poor, the purchase of authority, privilege, and power, by field-marshal and the invalid, the princess and the means of money and such inferior considerations. washerwoman, the master of the horse and the dan- The stream of bribery, therefore, naturally proceeds cing-master, the maid of honour and the maid of all from the weak to the strong. They who are politic work, the prince and the mongik, the Queen of Geor-ally weak, if they have money, will generally attempt to buy political strength and weight in some shape authority, but little solid pay, to its agents. It draws or other. In England power is vested in the people, on the obedience of its subjects, to make up an inand proceeds from them. They are in fact the adequate draft on its exchequer; in like manner as market, to whom their wealthy betters come for the the affections of the people are the treasury of the purchase of this precious commodity. In Russia the church. In the natural course of change, governcase is otherwise. There all power proceeds down-ments are fatherly and despotic before they come to wards from the emperor; the current of bribery be mercantile. Thus, except in that particular mode therefore comes upwards from the serf. In ancient of conducting public affairs, which our peculiar cirRome, it may be observed, the same man had gene- cumstances have created for us, rulers, judges, fiscal rally to sustain both parts in this traffic. The pro- agents, and soldiers, are, and always have been, consul took bribes in the province, where he was all obliged to exact more than that which is appointed in all, the fountain of power; and distributed them them, to take gifts, to do violence, and accuse falsely; at Rome, where he was the humble servant of an all- or to be content with their wages and starve. An impowerful military populace. Russia, in this, as in poverished clergy often affords a similar but still other respects, betrays its Asiatic affinity. Those graver example of this necessity, for so, in a worldnumerous passages in Scripture which refer to the ly point of view, it may be called,-being always universal prevalence of corruption, extortion, and apt to barter the offices of religion, to traffic with the respect of persons, in rulers, judges, and officers of Christian's hope, to dispense with obligations, to all kinds, are scarcely comprehensible to people in make covenant with sin, and even to sell portions of our position. The former periods of our constitution, the creed, for the sake of a livelihood. and those governments of Europe which still retain It may however be alleged, and that with some a vestige of absolutisin, do of course supply some- degree of plausibility, that even in England the canthing parallel, and so far are not intelligible to a de- didate for power frequently sustains both parts in the mocratic generation. It is said by the encomiast of exchange of power for money. A gentleman, whose an eminent cardinal of the last age, that, though he honourable principles and abstract disinterestedness had the entire administration of the criminal law at no one can doubt, pays a constituency for a seat, and Rome for many years, he died poor. Who in Eng-receives in due time an ample return for his outlay, land can appreciate such a compliment? How few, in the shape of rank, office, or the disposal of patronagain, can enter into the merits of the charge on age. He becomes a greater and perhaps a richer which Lord Bacon suffered so severely? We fear it man. Nor can it be denied, that, as power in our is too true that in this world venality more or less state flows upwards, and wealth downwards, so the specious, more or less allowed, must always accom- political aspirant, however foreign it may be to his real pany the possession of power. The people are in intentions, becomes virtually the channel through our case the venal party, 2. e., the recipients of the which both these things are transmitted in their bribe, only because they happen to be more powerful several directions. And as there are always to be than their nominal rulers and superiors. We leave found persons rather over solicitous to take an unpreto the casuist the delicate office of determining the re- judiced view of the institutions and morals of their spective porportions of guilt attaching to the giver and country, it is not surprising that gentlemen, of most receiver of a bribe,-the tempter and the tempted, irreproachable character, in the position we refer to, the corrupter and the corrupted. Perhaps there is should sometimes be represented as political hucknot much to choose between them: but with our sters, who, having purchased power in the market of English prejudices we confess that we feel a greater the people, afterwards dispose of it at a reasonable fitness and decency in the one briber and the many profit to the minister of the day. But it must be rebribed, than in the inverse order of things. The one membered that even if this remuneration for political bribes for the sake of political power; and in our support deserves to be called corruption, it is not so country we are taught to think with Eteocles, that gross and palpable as what we read of Russian bribeif it be allowable to sin for any thing, it is for that. ry: it is managed between gentlemen and done in a The imagination also is more impressed by unities handsome way, no bargain is expressly made nor than numbers; there is greater individuality and dis- can it be more than surmised that any was ever undertinctness of crime in the insulated spectacle of one stood, there is sufficient indirectness about it, to preman, and that a man dignified by station, coolly re-vent it from impairing self-respect, or blunting the ceiving the wages of unrighteousness, than where a sense of honour, and even if it be accompanied with vague and unknown multitude is the base receiver: actual and immediate pecuniary advantages, it is not the undeniable fact of a mercenary and perjured in the power of man to say that they have not come population, however much it may appeal to the as a pleasant contingency, an agreeable surprise. reason, is not at least so shocking an idea as the bare Moreover, even granting the unfriendly supposition, probability of one gentleman having been corrupted; that the man of politics has sought, as well as met nor are we sure there is not some just and real foun- with, pecuniary advantage, still all must allow that dation for a prejudice, which at first sight may seem it may be sought with the noblest views and the an illusion of the fancy. purest intentions. Selfishness is not in the deed, but We have referred for parallels to oriental nations, in the heart. Wealth contributes to usefulness, and to ancient Rome, and in general to the usages of past gives strength and body to the powerless speculations generations. This reference will suggest a further of virtue. Who can do good without money? Withkey to the startling statements of the author be-out it a man can neither be a Cæsar nor a Brutus ;besides the theory of social corruption which without it the most ardent lover of his country must we have attempted to bring out. An autocratic remain a village Hampden all his days, and "waste government having more power than money, manci- his sweetness in the desert air." Men of enlarged piis loouples, egens æris, gives unreserved grants of minds and important projects find in proportion to fore us, -- their success that their virtual rank is raised and their in undisturbed possession of lands to which they had acquaintance increased. They want money not for no very strict title: the governor left them in repose, the thing itself, which they still feel to be sordid and his annual revenue was increased by thirty or enough, but for its uses. In a wealthy country they forty thousand roubles. The province abounded in find they cannot procure either support or hearing for heretics, of a sect regarded with much jealousy by the most enlightened views, unless they can gain ac- government, and much persecuted for their political cess to the world of fashion, as well as to the needy rather than their religious opinions: these sectarians multitude, unless they are presentable to all class-longed for peace and quiet, and the price of the es,-unless they possess the means of informing and governor's toleration was from one to two hundred being informed, and numerous other appliances which thousand roubles a-year. nothing but money can procure. Who then will stigmatize as a bribe those means which our free country, with no less wisdom than generosity, puts at the disposal of her most stirring, most patriotic, and most influential sons? But whilst we linger in defence of England, we are forgetting our extracts, which will disclose a system of bribery in Russia most incomprehensibly naked and inartificial. ་ Mr. "Certain salt-works at Saratoff, which supply all Russia with that article, contributed their mite to the pocket of his excellency, which was swelled from numerous other sources not included in this catalogue. It is not every one who is so successful in enriching himself as was this governor, but he was no extraordinary instance of rapacity: he merely turned to good account the opportunities which he enjoyed. I was assured that he left a good character behind him, and was much regretted in the province. "The national disgrace of Russia," says "In these cases of venality it is not the question Venables," appears to be the system of corruption here, what will the world think of such a mau, and which it is said pervades every class in the empire, where will he again venture to show his face? But high and low. This accusation is, I am afraid, un-it is demanded instead, will he be able to justify deniable; for every Russian will tell you, there is himself in higher quarters? Will he maintain his nothing to be done in our country without a bribe.' credit with the minister, or with his majesty? If he The only difference appears to be in the amount, can succeed in so doing, he will laugh at the rest of which of course varies with the rank of the receiver. the world, and there will be no blot on his escutchAt the bottom of the ladder, three or four roubles may suffice, while as many thousands may be requisite for the important personage at the top. eon: there are no public prints to expose him to opprobrium, and indeed so low is the standard of public virtue, that his conduct is hardly regarded as dis"No one will be unjust enough to suppose that graceful, and it would almost be considered a piece honest men are not to be found here as well as in of Quixotism to set up as the censor of one who had other countries, and I should be sorry so far to ca- only acted as many would have done in his place. lumniate Russia as to suggest that they were rare; "The emperor, I believe, does all in his power to but still from all that I have heard in various quarters check and discourage this disgraceful system of corI cannot doubt of the lamentable prevalence of corruption, by visiting offenders with the utmost severiruption. The fact of a person in a high and honour-ty: it is not, however, probable that it can be effectable employment receiving money for his good offices ually destroyed, so loug as the sources exist out of does not seem to be regarded here with all the horror which it naturally arises. These appear chiefly to and detestation which it deserves. be the inadequacy of the existing emoluments at "The salary of a governor of a province is twelve tached to every office and employment, and the total thousand roubles a-year, or about five hundred absence of public opinion in Russia."-pp. 205pounds, a sum which is quite insufficient to cover the 208. expenses of his establishment; yet I was told the other day that a governor of Saratoff, on the Volga, the scene of Falstaff at Justice Shallow's. The following passage will afford a comment on one of the richest provinces in Russia, (somewhat larger than England,) retired some years ago, after "Bribery often prevails to a great extent in the holding the office for six years, with a capital, real-business of the recruitment; masters paying to have ized during that time, of three millions of roubles, bad characters, who are unfit for soldiers, received; about a hundred and twenty thousand pounds. I in- and conscripts who are fit, paying to be rejected. quired how this was possible, and the following is Clerks are sometimes detected in receiving from fifty in substance the explanation which I received. to a hundred roubles from poor fellows for promised but a gold piece in their mouths. "This upright governor never committed acts of protection, which they have no power to give; and private injustice or wrong; but for value received, he these gentle man, if delivered over to justice, are punconsented to shut his eyes, and not interfere with the ished by being made soldiers themselves. The docdoings of others. He in fact sold his protection tor too, in examining the conscripts, not unfrequently, wholesale to those who made their own profit by re- when he looks at their teeth, finds, not a silver spoon, tailing their good offices as required. "In each of the twelve districts of every govern- "But the system of bribery is not always confined ment is an ispravnik, an officer I have already men- to these petty offences; the roubles are sometimes tioned as a rural master of police. Each ispravnik paid in thousands, and the receivers are neither the paid his excellency five thousand roubles a-year, a clerks nor the surgeons to the board. It is said that douceur which of course obliterated any little pec- the president, if he manages matters well, may clear, cadilloes of his own, or any mistakes into which he during the two months of the sitting, upwards of two might fall in administering justice. thousand pounds; and when this is the case, of course clerks receive their mites with impunity, and gold pieces are quietly transferred from the mouths The Bashkirs, and other wild tribes who dwell in the steppes beyond the Volga, wished to remain of the conscripts to the pockets of the doctors, instead handsomely. Having over-reached the mark, and of being publicly laid on the table of the board, as been guilty of being detected, he was brought before happens almost daily here, under the vigilant eye of the proper tribunal; and when asked Why did you a president known to be incorruptible himself, and take a bribe ? his answer was original and conclunot inclined to overlook the delinquencies and pecu-sive, I take, thou takest, he takes, we take, you lations of others."-p. 188. take, they take."" Mr. Raikes's testimony is to the same effect, and even stronger. 66 It is of course possible that some of the chief enormities here described may have been swollen by The judges are as ill paid as they are little re-scandal, to which the Russians, from the entire abspected, and are driven by necessity to make the most sence of literary and political conversation, are much of their situation; bribery is openly practised, and addicted, and which travellers are generally, from the longest purse will have the best chance. I have, their inquiring temper and amiable credulity, the first unfortunately, had occasion myself to visit the courts to hear. Yet there is too general an agreement of law, and the tribunal which answers to our Chan- among our authors to the universality of Russian cery great was my astonishment to see the public bribery, for us to doubt its existence as a regular functionaries, from the judge down to the clerk, ar- system. The whole empire is compromised. The rayed in military uniforms. subjects bring their bribes, the imperial agents rePrince K-, a Polish nobleman who has large ceive, and the emperor must connive at the process. estates in Livonia, where, as in Courland and in It is true we are told of Constantine punishing indiEsthonia, the emancipation of the slaves has been vidual cases (as the Spartans punished their boys effected, came here the other day to attend to a law-for letting their thefts be discovered,) and there is a suit going on between him and his peasants, which story of his attending and applauding a comedy appeared very likely to be given against him. He satirizing official corruption; yet while the salaries told a friend of mine that he had been round to all the judges privately to explain the case; and as it is well understood what the meaning of this visit intimates, the peasant will probably go to the wall. from the treasury are so inadequate, he must be aware that his officers are remunerated by auxiliary resources flowing more directly from the people. But what a clumsy way of transacting public affairs! "A merchant here in the English factory, Mr. A moment's comparison will show how much better who has occasionally had large contracts with the we do things in England. Even granting, what government, went lately to make a tender of a cargo indeed cannot be ascertained, that there is as much of red lead to the glass-blowing manufactory. He real corruption here as in Russia, and granting also, was received by the chairman of the board, who was what we fear we must grant, that there is nothing in in full uniform, with stars and decorations; his that country so flagrantly wicked and indecent as the secretary was an aide-de-camp; and the young men circumstances of our popular elections; still it is employed in writing at a table were also in regimen- obvious that, as we manage matters, the dignity of tals. Mr. was not very well pleased with the the gentleman, and the credit of the political aspiresult of his negociation; but he told me that he rant, is never lowered by the actual receipt of pecushould send a hogshead of wine merely with his niary bribes from his inferiors, and nobody is discompliments to the chairman, and his business would graced, nobody is brutalized, but the mass of the be arranged. Some time ago this same gentleman people. In Russia the gentleman seems to monopohad a large contract for lead with the Board of Ord-lize the baseness, as much as here he does the denance, when douceurs to every individual in the corum, of the transaction. We first so effectually office, from the general to the door-keeper, amounting draw off the superfluous money of the people by the in all to six thousand roubles, were absolutely de- great public drains of taxation, that there is neither tailed on paper, and of course included by him in demand nor supply for the irregular private channels his calculation of the price which he charged to the by which the Russian functionaries are maintained. government. This system of peculation is not men- We give the people in exchange for their money, and tioned as being illegal, or derogatory to the indivi- in exchange also for many minor rights and prividuals; it is publicly practised; and was not only leges, a certain voice in the whole government of the encouraged but exacted by Catherine during her country. They are thus powerful but poor. The reign; and is one of the many evils which the pre-state is wealthy, but dependent and weak, except by sent emperor would wish but is unable to abolish. the use of its wealth. The character of the exchange "It exists in every department; but when it shows is therefore exactly the reverse of what we are told it itself in the courts of justice it then becomes a hide- is in Russia. If there exists among us a tribe of ous evil. I can speak from experience, that in suits Bashkirs," who I wish to remain in undisturbed -151. of all descriptions your solicitor is entrusted with the possession of lands to which they had no very strict distribution of bribes; without which, success, even title," e. g. the de facto owners of church property, on the most just grounds, is unattainable."-p. 148 they give their political support to the anti-church party in the legislature, and are protected. If there We will wind up these extracts with one from the exists amongst us a sect or sects "regarded with amusing pages of our American author. jealousy" by the constitution, and dangerous "for "Bribery is said to be almost universal among the their political opinions," they have no occasion to inferior officers of government, and there is a story bribe any public functionaries; they have their reof a Frenchman in Russia which illustrates the sys-presentatives in parliament, and obtain not only tem. He had an office, of which the salary was so peace and quiet," but ascendancy, and an ample small that he could not live upon it. At first he share in the patronage of the crown. In like manner would not take bribes, but stern necessity drove him with us, any profitable branch of trade similar to the to it; and while he was about it, he did the thing" salt-works at Saratoff," lays out a part of its money in the purchase of power from the people, and punishment of the original culprits followed, with so procures a voice in the government of the country, such distinct, complete, and immediate vengeance on in the distribution of honcurs, the adjustment of the the crime. tariff, and such questions. With us, such of the Within a twelvemonth, the Government which people as have property and rights to protect, and are had formed this atrocious project was utterly exbold enough to protect them, have nobody to bribe, tinguished; Charles the Tenth and his dynasty and their suit is conducted in a way which is indeed driven from their throne, and exiled from the land for rather expensive to themselves, but which as fully life;-his Ministry, the Polignacs and their assosaves the dignity as it fills the purses of all the legal ciates, thrown into a long and severe imprisonment, functionaries concerned. Our rich and generous a fate singular among all the changes of European country has its ways and means by which the poorest cabinets, and after narrowly escaping the scaffold, and the purist jurisconsult who never touched, saw, also exiled for life; Marmont, the chief military heard, or dreamt of, a bribe, may, by an honourable councillor of the King, forced to fly from France, contribution of his political support to the party in and never daring to return; Bourmont, the commander power, rise to the highest office, wealth, and rank, of the invasion, never venturing to set his foot on the and make his remotest kinsmen and friends partakers French soil since, and still a fugitive through the in his prosperity. The officer of the state is secured world; the invading army, of 30,000 strong, some from the temptations of the half-starved Russian of the finest troops of France, long since destroyed functionary; like Van Ambergh's lions he is amply in Africa by the climate and the warfare of the Arabs, gorged with legal emoluments before he enters on scarcely a man of them having returned.-And after his stage; nor is he obliged like the governor of the sacrifice of probably twice the number of lives in Saratoff to reap a harvest of iniquity against the a disputed possession of nine years, they are now winter of political failure. The public service with fighting within cannon-shot of Algiers! us is an inheritance; and a few years or even months The war has begun in earnest. While Abd-elof place entail a life of pensioned affluence. So Kader lives, France will probably have to carry on a much for the grace and decency of our regular system. continued war, more or less open. If he shall fall, And if extraordinary cases occur, if the leviathans of the spirit of other chieftains will be formed while the political influence and the leaders of party are to be animosity survives; and it will survive, grounded as rewarded or secured, there is no need in England for it is in the nature of things, in the native repulsion the sovereign to connive at the plunder of a province; between French and Mahometan manners, in the but ministers and parliamentary committees, as care- habitual hatred of the native for the invader, and in ful of appearances as of the national welfare, know the strong religious antipathies which have already how to originate or direct public improvements, so enabled the African leader to proclaim his assault on as to make the interests of the whole coincide with the French as the "Holy War." the fair requests of meritorious individuals. The Even the fullest possession of the Algerine territory progress of civilization may and will do much for could never be of real value to France: it has no Russia, but it must be admitted that at present we harbours, and can therefore never be a station for beat them in the necessary art of reducing corruption any thing beyond a privateer or a pirate. In the to law, of rewarding virtue and retaining its services event of an European war, it must be abandoned, or without soiling its fingers, and of placing the dirty France must consent to lock up 50,000 troops there, part of the great work of politics, where a refined taste and an enlightened policy would suggest that it ought to be placed, in the hands of the multitude. From Blackwood's Magazine. ALGIERS. with the certainty that famine, the Arabs, and perhaps an English expedition, will perform in Algiers the second part of the Egyptian campaign. But the great points of criminality subsist, even if the policy were however successful; and those are, that the invasion was made absolutely without any cause but a determination to plunder, and that the conquest has been retained, in direct and unquestionable defiance of the most solemn, public, and repeated declarations, that no conquest whatever was intended, and that, as in the instance of Lord Exmouth's expedition, the THE invasion of the Algerine territory by the moment that satisfaction was obtained, the whole French, is one of the most remarkable evidences armament was to be withdrawn. that nations are not to be taught either common jus- It argues a deplorable state of moral feeling, to find tice or common sense by suffering. We there see that no man in France has the honesty of heart to France, after five-and-twenty years of national misery, protest against this iniquity; that the legislature can taking the first opportunity to rob and shed the blood find no warning voice, that the journals are fierce in of her neighbours. She had no more cause of war their wrath against any idea of abandoning Algiers, against the Algerines than against the Antediluvians; and that all France madly seems to regard the national but it occurred to her imbecile Government that she crime as a national glory. 66 wanted glory," and to her insane people that glory was to be found in cutting the throats of Turks and Moors, unfortunate enough to live in a territory where she expected to find land cheap, dollars at the sword's point, and triumph for nothing. Providence, it is true, often lets fools and villains take their way; but perhaps there never was an instance, not excepting Napoleon's own, where the ALGIERS! wild Algiers! There are sounds of affright |