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thenticity. In this way he has made his history; and considering that he has written so much with such scanty materials, what will he not effect, when he comes down to later times, and can pour upon us the journals of the Senate and House of Assembly, and deluge us with all the county records in the state?

As an introduction to this history, Mr. Bozman has given us an account of all the voyages of discovery to North America, beginning with that of Cabot, and of all the attempts at colonization, whether successful or not, at Canada, and Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland, and Plymouth, and Virginia, and North Carolina, which took place previously to the settlement of Maryland. Things are understood by analogy and comparison; and he must have thought that we could not properly comprehend the voyage of lord Baltimore, and the foundation of his colony, without his giving us all this initiatory detail; for we can imagine no other connexion which it has with the history of Maryland. In these accounts there is no original research; he has taken for his guide Dr. Holmes' Annals, (a very respectable and useful publication,) and seems to be acquainted with some of the principal authorities only through the medium of that work. He has kept clear, as far as possible, of every thing interesting and valuable, and this in a manner so uniform and remarkable, that one can hardly ascribe it to any thing but natural instinct. We will give a passage, which has about the average merit of the book, containing as much entertainment and instruction as the greater half of those to which the reader may open at a venture. It is unfortunately necessary to give one of some length, to make it clear that it is a succession of petty details, and not the narrative of such as are necessary to connect important facts.

"De Monts, with his two ships, sailed from Havre de Grace on the 7th of March, 1604, and, after a passage of only one month, arrived at Cap de la Hêve, in Nova Scotia. In a harbor very near this cape, to the southwest, he met with an interloping vessel, commanded by one Rossignol, a Frenchman, who was trading there with the Indians without licence; for which reason he seized his ship and cargo, and called the har

bor port Rossignol. Coasting thence further to the southwest, he arrived at another haven, which his people named Port Mutton, on account of a sheep which either leaped or tumbled overboard here, and was drowned. From this port they coasted the peninsula to the southwest; doubled Cape Sable, and came to anchor in the bay of St. Mary. They afterwards proceeded to examine an extensive bay on the northwest of the peninsula, to which they gave the name of La Baye Francois, but which is now called the Bay of Funday. On the southeastern side of this bay they discovered a narrow strait, into which they entered, and soon found themselves in a spacious bason, environed with hills, and bordered with fertile meadows. Pontrincourt was so delighted with this place, that he determined to make it his residence, and proposed to send for his family, and settle there. Upon which De Monts, in virtue of his commission, made him a grant of it; and Pontrincourt gave it the name of Port Royal, which grant was afterwards, in the year 1607, confirmed to him by Henry IV. It has since been known by the name of Annapolis Royal. From Port Royal or Annapolis, De Monts sailed still further up the Bay of Funday, in search of a copper mine, then said to lie at the head of that bay. While De Monts was thus engaged in his coasting voyage, Champlain, who had been despatched in a long boat, immediately after their arrival at Cap de la Hêve, to search for a proper place for a settle. ment, in examining the Bay of Funday, pursuant to the instructions of De Monts, came to a large river on the northwest side of the bay, which he called St. John's, originally called by the natives Ouy-gondy. From this river, Champlain coasted the bay southwestwardly twenty leagues, until he came to another river, in exploring which he met with a small island, in the middle of that river, and about half a league in circumference, to which he gave the name of L'Isle de St. Croix. This island," &c. pp. 118, 119.

The life of Captain Smith, as written by Belknap, is as interesting as a romance, and some might expect that what related to him in Mr. Bozman's work would have been a sort of island in a desert; but in this part of his history the way is as heavy and laborious, and every thing presented to view as dull and barren as in any other. We give one We give one passage without selection.

"We are now to accompany Mr. Smith in his voyage up the Chesapeake. The first object of his notice, as they naturally presented themselves, was that cluster of islands, now usually denominated the Tangier islands; the largest of which,

from their first discoverer, still retains the name of Smith's island. Leaving these islands, it appears, that he then explored the eastern shores of what is now called Poconoke Bay, into which the river Poconoke empties. Departing from thence, he passed a high point of land, which he called Point Ployer, but which in all probability was the same point now well known under the denomination of Watkyns's Point, and referred to in the charter or grant of Maryland to the lord Baltimore, as the most southern part of that province bordering on the Chesapeake, In doubling this point or cape he fell in with some shoals formed by another cluster of islands, said by some to have been the same, as those since called Watts's islands, by others Holland's islands. To these shoals, probably from their difficult and perplexed navigation, he gave the name of Limbo. From thence he stood over again to the eastern shore, and discovered a river called by the natives Cuscarawacock. On this river lived the nations of Sarapinak, Nause, Arseck, and Nantiquack, (of which, probably, the word Nanticoke is a corrup tion), said by him to be the best traders of any Indians in those parts. They told the English of a great nation, called Massawomecks, in search of whom, Smith returned by Limbo, into the bay. Leaving the shallows of the eastern shore, he appears to have stood over to the western shore, but not to have fallen in with it until he came to a river, which he called Bolus river; but which is said to be that which is now called the Patapsco. Somewhere in the upper part of the bay, he fell in with seven canoes full of Indians, who turned out to be the Massawomecks, who were then making war upon the Susquehanocks and the Tockwocks, When they first met, the Massawomecks made a show of hostility, but suffering themselves to be persuaded of the friendly disposition of the English, after a mutual exchange of presents they departed. The English are said to have next entered a river, called the Tockwock, on which lived a nation of the same name in a palisaded town, in order to guard themselves against the Massawomecks." pp. 151, 152, 153.

In one instance Mr. Bozman has manifested something like forbearance. He had prepared an account of the attempt to settle South Carolina by the French Huguenots, but this he has omitted; because he professes to suppose, that it might be thought to have too little connexion with the history of Maryland. It would have had quite as much connexion, as the greater part of what he has published. The feeling, however, which led him to its suppression, whatever it might be, did not long continue. A short distance after his notice

of this omission, he gives an account of the settlement of Plymouth. But the settlers at Plymouth were Puritans, and there would have been no Puritans, if the reformation had not taken place; and Mr. Bozman therefore takes this occasion to introduce a chapter, containing a sketch of the history of the reformation. Now we are not disposed to be unreasonable. A good account of the reformation is valuable, under whatever strange title we may purchase it, whether that of a history of Maryland, or a history of the island of Jamaica; but unfortunately, Mr. Bozman's account is of no more value than any other part of his work. He has told us nothing true of which any man of common information can be supposed ignorant, and he has told us more than one thing which is false. He has revived the calumny against Luther, of his being incited to op pose the corruptions of popery, by the transfer of the privilege of selling indulgences from the Augustines to the Dominicans. We have more than one reason for thinking that Mr. Bozman is not a man of very extensive reading, but he may have heard of Mosheim's Ecclesiastical History, and we w now inform him that this history was translated by Dr. Maclaine, who has added to it a number of valuable notes, and that in these notes some things are established, with considerable force of evidence, and among others the falsity of the story which he has repeated.* In his account of the settlement at Plymouth, to which this history of the reformation is prefixed, Mr. Bozman, in the same spirit which led him to repeat the story concerning Luther, has made some attempts to degrade the memory of those, whom we are proud to call our ancestors; men whose merit, he must excuse us for saying, we doubt whether he has the capacity of estimating. We at least have not the humility to vindicate them from his attacks.

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We have intimated our opinion that the reading of this gentleman has been rather limited, and we will produce one or two curious passages, by which we have been confirmed in our belief. Speaking of Pope Alexander VI, the father of

Cæsar Borgia, he says:

*Cent. xvi. c. ii. sect. 1. note.

"The curiosity of a free American citizen of the United States, may perhaps be excited to a desire to know a little of the character of a man, who once had the power of making a grant of the land they live in." p. 17.

He then gives us a passage concerning him, as quoted by Roscoe from Guicciardini," an Italian historian," as he informs us, "of great estimation." We can assure Mr. Bozman that we were acquainted with a considerable number of free American citizens of the United States who, we serious, ly believe, did know a little of the character of Alexander VI, even before the publication of his history of Maryland.

This is not the only specimen of our author's friendliness of information. On some occasion he "begs leave to add a quotation from a work, which he has once or twice before cited, and which has been always held in high estimation by the literati of all Europe." The work is Bayle's Dictionary. He afterward proceeds to give us some account of its author.

Of Bayle and Hume he appears to be a great admirer, The latter he has endeavoured to imitate in his indirect attacks on Christianity. Nothing however can be more heavy and awkward than his attempts of this sort. Speaking of the indulgences granted by Leo X, he says:

"As the Christian religion, in its then organized state, acknowledged, and in the consent of a large majority of that religion still acknowledges the papal power, of granting a par don and remission of all sins, Leo was naturally induced, through his philosophic and unbelieving mind, to yield to the superstition of his flock." p. 172.

Again:

"These indulgences certainly appear to the eye of reason, however long they may have been sanctioned by Christian usage and practice, as totally repugnant to those moral principles, adopted by the common consent of all mankind.” p. 173. Again:

"The good old Christian principle of compelling men to come in, that the house may be filled,' not a little recommend. ed by Luther in Germany, and ardently adopted and enforced by Calvin in Geneva, was now as zealously revived in England by Mary." pp 185, 186.

Again:

"She took the shorter method of roasting them alive. The

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