Elements of Sufism in Na Mangi's Poetry, Especially in His Use of Metaphor and Images

Aliyu Arabic attained audience beauty become beginning believe blessing called cease CHAPTER comes consider culture darkness dead death desire divine drink eating eternal existence experience expression father fear feel follow give given God's guidance guided Hausa Hausa Islamic heart human idea ignorance illuminates images imagination individual influence Islamic Kano knowledge Koran lamp language lead learning light live London Lord man's Mangi Mangi's poetry means Mervyn Hiskett metaphors moral mother Muhammad Muslim mystical Na Mangi nature never NOTES orphans path perfection perform personality physical poem poet poet's poetic poetry practice praise prayer Prophet qualities rain references reformer religious salvation seek sense Shehu Skinner social society song Song of Comfort soul speaking spiritual stanza statement Studies Sufi Sufism symbol themes theological thesis things tion tradition understand Unity University Press values Verse warning wealth York