count of the origin of the quarrel between the prifoner and the deceased: however, in the courfe of the evidence that point had been clearly afcertained. He remarked that the tranfation had been differently related by the feveral witnefles, which he attributed to the different conceptions they might feverally have entertained of the Lame action, according to the particular difpofition, temper, or fituation, which each happened to be in at the time; yet, taking the whole into one point of view, there was no inconfiftency; however variously the facts were reprefented, the fame conclufion was ultimately drawn from them. It seemed clear that homicide had been committed on the deceased; and if the jury were fatisfied that the prifoner was the perfon who had committed it, they were then to confider what degree of guilt must be attributed to him. After having explained to the jury what the law conftitutes to be murder and what manslaughter, he laid it down as clear and fettled law, that no words whatever, unaccompanied with blows, would warrant an affault upon the perfon. He obferved, that reproachful language to fome men was confidered as much greater provocation than blows to others; that particularly the word coward, or poltroon, to an officer, or man of honour, would be marked with more refentment by the offended man than a violent blow would by a perfon in an inferior station of life. But the law in this cafe knows of no diftinction of perfons, it extends alike to the whole community, and is general throughout the kingdom. He then recurred to the circumstances which appeared in the prifoner's cafe. He remarked to the jury the intimacy, the friendship, that fubfifted between the prifoner and the deceased; the infulting Janguage repeatedly given by the deceafed to the prifoner, which at length was followed by a blow; that in confequence of this blow, the prifoner was thrown into a violent paffion, and, in a transport of refentment, flew for that weapon which, unhappily, had proved fo fatal to the decealed. He took notice of the fuddennefs of the quarrel and the fhort period of time between the blow given by the deceafed and the mortal ftroke which he received, during which it was not probable that the paffions could have fubfided. He recapitulated the whole tranfaction, urged what he had already faid with respect to the law of juftification, and concluded with faying, that the jury could not hesitate in finding the prifoner guilty of MAN-SLAUGHTER, which they accordingly did. And his judgment more rotten than ripe, Sir. For all that he boafts of, what is it in truth But that mad with ambition and pride, Sir, He's the vices of age for the follies of youth, And a damn'd deal of cunning befide, Sir. Cho. Then while, &c. The judge then proceeded to pronounce | They fay that his judgment is mellow and pure, fentence, and addreffing himself to the And his principles Virtue's own type, Sir; prifoner faid, he did not wifh to aggravate I believe from my foul, he's a feelings which appeared to him already too much agitated. He commiferated the prifoner's fituation, and attributed all the unhappy confequences which had happened originally to the effects of liquor. He confidered the fituation in life of the prifoner, and the honour of his fellow officers, and on that account would difpenfe with the ufual punishment inflicted on perfons convicted of manflaughter, that of being burnt in the hand. This he faid must be commuted for by a punishment perhaps more fevere, which was, that the prifoner pay a nominal fine, and be imprifoned in the public gaol for twelve mouths. The prifoner was dreffed in black, and during the trial ftooped forward, refting his forehead upon his right arm, which was placed upon the bar, holding his hat before his head, and in that fituation he wept much.-He was conducted back to prifon in the carriage which brought him to court. The trial began at twenty minutes paft eleven in the morning, and ended about half past two in the afternoon. There were five counsel for the prifoner, but none for the profecution. SON G. By CAPTAIN MORRIS. BILLY'S TOO YOUNG TO DRIVE US. IF Life's a rough journey, as Moralifts tell, Englishmen fure make the best on't, Whilst flavery holds all the reft on't. But this thought, tho' a curfe which no tyrant can bear, Is the bleffing of you and of me, Sir. Cha. Then while thro' this whirl-about journey we reel, We'll keep unabus'd the best blessings we feel, And watch ev'ry turn of this Political wheel, For Billy's too young to drive us. The carr of Britannia, we all must allow, Is ready to crack with its load, Sir; But wanting the hand of experience, must now Moft furely break down on the road, Sir. Then muft we poor paffengers quickly await To be crush'd by this mischievous Spark, Sir; Who drives a damn'd job in the carriage of State, And got up like a thief in the dark, Sir. Cho. Then while, &c. The fquires, whofe reafon ne'er reaches a span, Are all with this prodigy ftruck, Sir; And cry, 'tis a crime not to vote for a man, Who's as chafte as a baby at fuck, Sir. But pray, let me afk, had his virtues prevail'd, What foul would to Heaven come near, Sir? Not one, for the whole generation had fail'd, And God's creatures had never been here, Sir. Cho. Then while, &c. They fay he's a pretty good gift of the gab, In the State he's a bit of a tool, Sir. Tho' reafon united a N—— and a Fox, But what's that to his, who join'd, with a pox, The credit of C's great name, Sir; They fay his fine parts are a mighty good prop, But we all of us know, tho' he ftands at her top, Then with freemen who on a fair bottom would tread, Here's a toast that I'm fure must prevail, Sir; "Britannia, and may he ne'er ftand at her Head, Who never can stand at her Tail, Sir." Cho. Then while, &c. On a TOMB-STONE in the Ifland of GRENADA. ERE lies Moritz Hardman, the taylor, H who with his goofe, thears, needle, and thread, Has cabbag'd fome thoufands together, Yet daily feem'd as if he wanted bread. N. B. The above man went to the Inland of Gre nada about fifteen years ago as a journeyman taylor and almoft pennylefs; yet, by living a very rigid and abftemious life, has died poffeffed of thiee cotton eftates. No. VI. Vol. I. For DESCRIPTION Of JUNE JUN A Now genial funs and gentle breezes reign, And Summer's faireft fplendours deck the plain, Exulting Flora views her new-born rose, And all the ground with short-liv'd beauty glows. UNE is really, in this climate, what the poets reprefent May to be-the most lovely month of the year. Summer is commenced, and warm weather thoroughly established; yet the heats rarely arife to excefs, or incerrupt the enjoyment of those pleasures, which the fcenes of nature now afford. The trees are in their fulleft drefs; and a profufion of the gayeft flowers is every-where fcattered around, which put on all their beauty juft before they are cut down by the fcythe, or withered by the heat. Soft copious fhowers are extremely welcome towards the beginning of this month, to forward the growth of the herbage. Such an one is thus defcribed by Thomson. Gradual finks the breeze Into a perfect calm; that not a breath At laft The clouds confign their treasures to the fields; One of the earliest rural employments of this month is the fhearing of fheep; a bufinefs of much importance in various parts of the kingdom, where wool is one of the moft valuable products. England has for many ages been famous for its breeds of fheep, which yield wool of various qualities, fuited JUNE, To be continued Monthly. to different branches of the woollen manufactory. The downs of Dorfetfhire, and other fouthern and western counties, feed fheep whofe fine fhort fleeces are employed in making the beft broad cloths. The coarfer wool of Yorkshire, and the northern counties, is ufed in the narrow cloths. The large Leicestershire and Lincolnshire fheep are clothed with long thick flakes, proper for the hofier's use and every other kind is valuable for fome particular purpose. The feafon for fheep-fhearing commences as soon as the warm weather is fo far fettled, that the sheep may without danger lay afide great part of their clothing. The following tokens are given by DYER in his Fleece, to mark out the time. If verdant elder spreads Before fhearing, the fheep undergo the operation of wathing, in order to free the wool from the foulnefs it has contracted. Upon the brim Of a clear river, gently drive the flock, DYER. Long let us walk Where the breeze blows from yon extended field Beans and peas belong to a large natural family of plants, called the papilionaceous, or butterfly-fhaped-bloffomed, and the leguminous, from the pods they bear. Almoft all these in our climate afford wholefome food for man or beaft. Of fome, the feeds alone are used, as of pea and bean; of fome, the entire pod, as of French or kidney-bean; and of fome, the whole plant, as of clover, lucern, and vetch. In the hedges, the place of the hawthorn is fupplied by the flowers of the hip or dogrofe, the different hues of which, from a light blufh to a deep crimfon, form a moft elegant variety of colour. Some time after, the woodbine or honeyfuckle begins to blow; and this, united with the rofe, gives our hedges their highest beauty and fragrance. The feveral kinds of corn come into car and flower during this month; as do like wife numerous fpecies of grafs, which, indeed, are all fo many leffer kinds of corn; or, rather, corn is only a larger fort of grafs. It is peculiar to all this tribe of plants, to have long flender leaves, a jointed stalk, and a flowering head, either in the form of a clofe fpike, like wheat, or a loose bunch, like oats. This head confifts of numerous hufky flowers, each of which bears a fingle feed. In the large kinds, which are ufually termed corn, thefe feeds are big enough to be worth feparating; and they form the chief article of food of almoft all the civilized nations of the world. In Europe, the principal kinds of corn are wheat, rye, barley, and oats. In Afia, rice is moft cultivated in Africa, and the Weft Indies, maize or Indian corn. Though the other fenfes are so much The groves, the fields, the meadows, now no more After the end of June, an attentive ob- For the COUNTY MAGAZINE. The finaller kinds, called graffes, are moft valuable for their leaves and ftalks, or herbage, which makes the principal food of all domeftic cattle. This, cut down and dried, is bay, the winter provifion of cattle in all the temperate and northern climates. Grafs is moft fit to cut after it is in ear, but before its feeds are ripened. If it be MATRIMONY. fuffered to grow too long, it will lofe all its nutritious juices, and become like the ftraw of corn. fo of affording real happiness as matri The latter part of June is NO ftate in the world is so capable the beginning of hay-harvest for the fouthern and middle parts of the kingdom. This mony; yet it often happens that thofe is one of the bufieft and moft agreea-with difappointment. who feek for happiness in that mode meet ble of rural occupations. Both sexes and all ages are engaged in it. The fragrance of the new-mown hay, the gaiety of allfurrounding objects, and the genial warmth of the weather, all confpire to render it a feafon of pleasure and delight to the beholder. It is at this feafon that we can peculiarly feel the beauty of thefe charming lines of MILTON. As one who long in populous city pent, On the twenty-firft of June happens the fummer-folftice, or longeft day. At this time, in the most northern parts of the ifland, there is fcarcely any night, the twilight continuing almoft from the fetting to the rifing of the fun; fo that it is light enough at midnight to fee to read. This feason is also properly called Midfummer, though, indeed, the greatest heats are not yet arrived; and there is more I am far from laying the blame to the inftitution itself; nor did I ever know a couple who were apt to quarrel, that I could not trace faults in both from whence thofe quarrels originated. The fact is, perfons generally look more to fortune than to love in forming hymeneal connections, and where the hearts were never united, a very little difagreement of temper will deftroy domeftic tranquillity. TO BELINDA. Their hearts go hurly burly. The men fo long are courting? And when these laffes matrons are, Such conduct's now the fashion; For tho' molt men confin'd at home, Would think their lives were hideous, Nor routs you now would fain frequent, Our daughter fweet Manillo. SIR, S A account, both in print and manufcript, of your cathedral church, and feveral of its chapels and monuments, I have extracted from it fome few particulars, that thofe who vifit that curious ftructure may receive better information than what they generally meet with from thofe that take their money for fhewing this church. I have, however, the fatisfaction of being intimate with a couple who really enjoy all the bleffings of the marriage ftate. They To the Editor of the COUNTY MAGAZINE. have two fine children, and though feven years married, are ftill as polite and affectionate to each other as if the honey moon had not pafled over. I lately paid them a vifit on the anniversary of their nuptials, and after converfing with my fair friend for fome time, her husband entered the room and gave her the following poem, which I find was agreeable to his cuftom on every return of the day. I requeft it may find a place in your entertaining Magazine, Mr. Editor, as perhaps it may The principal feafon for taking that de- have a good effect, by ftimulating others licate fifh, the mackrel, is in this month. to feek true happiness, not in riot and Currants and goofeberries begin to ripen diffipation, not in fafhionable levities, but about the end of June, and prove extreme-in domeftic blifs. ly refreshing as the parching heats ad warm weather after it than before. vance. A. B. It appears, that Ofmond, who was the firft bifhop after the Conqueft, and was alfo Chancellor of England, being by birth a Norman, and a great favourite of William, finished and dedicated the church at Old Sarum, in the year 1092, and furvived seven years, in which interval the fteeple of his church was fired by lightning, which he lived to repair, and was afterwards buried there; but his bones, upon the finishing the Lady Chapel, which was the first part built at the new cathedral, were removed with great folemnity, and again interred in the middle of that chapel, under a marble stone, with this infcription, Anno MXCIX. That Richard Poore, who became bishop of Old Sarum in 1217, finding great inconvenience from the fituation of his cathedral in a place fo dry and bleak, and frequent infolencies happening from the garrison of the castle, within which the cathedral ftood, towards the clergy; the bishop having obtained leave from Henry III. and his Holiness the Pope, who fent over many ingenious workmen on the occafion, the foundation of a new church was begun in a place called Merrifield, the Pope's legate laying the firft ftone for his Holiness, the fecond for the King, the third for the Earl of Salisbury, the fourth for the Countefs, and the fifth for the Bishop, who was afterwards tranflated to Durham in 1228. Robert Byngham, the then bifhop, though he went on with great diligence and activity, was not able to finish the work begun by his predeceffor in his own time, though he continued bishop near twenty years, and died in 1246, and lieth buried on one fide of the Prefbytery, in the new church. It is a common error that his predeceffor, brafs, and adorned with the arms of their The beautiful little chapel on the fouth The neat little chapel on the north of the high altar was built by Bishop Audley, who died 1524, and lieth buried in it. The monuments of the Somerset family, and of Lord Gorge's, who built Longford Caftle, are fo perfect, as to speak for themfelves, and are both pieces of rare workmanfhip. 'Tis true, to make me fome amends, } } } A curious fact is established by this book, that the Duke of Buckingham was beheaded at Salisbury in 1485, when Richard III. was at the city, and that the then bifhop, Lionel Woodvill, who was the brother to Elizabeth, the Queen of Edward IV. whofe children were deftroyed or put out of the way by Richard, and one of whofe To the Editor of the COUNTY MAGAZINE. fifters was alfo then wife to the Duke of Buckingham, that the grief and vexation the bishop underwent on occafion of these misfortunes to his family and friends, foon SIR, Bishop Poore, was buried in the new ca- put an end to his life, for he died the fame BY inferting the following Questions thedral, and that his bones were discovered when the late alteration was made in the choir; but it was not fo, for he died in 1237, in the north, and was buried at a nunnery he founded at Tharent. William of York, who fucceeded Bishop Byngham in 1247, died in 1256, and was active during all his time in finishing and perfecting the building, but the fame was not compleated till two years after his death, when Gyles de Brideport was bishop; year. If these anecdotes are pleafing to your readers, they fhall be entertained with others equally curious, from A CONSTANT READER. Salisbury, May 30. SIR, in your Magazine, you will oblige Your humble fervant, A PERSON on the fummit of Salisbury fpire let fall a heavy body, and he obferved that from the inftant it began to fall, to the time he heard its arrival at the bot from hence the height of the fpire, admitting the faid body fell 16 feet the first fecond, and found to move 1142 feet in the fame time? and on September the 30th, 1258, King To the Editor of the COUNTY MAGAZINE. tom, was five feconds and an half; required Henry III. himself being prefent, and many of his nobles and great perfonages, the church was dedicated to the Virgin Mary, who was then confidered as the mother of God, and upon this occafion the bishop feafted them all very magnificently. This bifhop lies intombed in a monument on the fouth fide of the choir. It appears that this church was again new hallowed by the archbishop of Canterbury in 1280, as it is prefumed upon the completion of the fair tower and fpire erected upon the church, which was not a part of the plan of the firft architect. The tombs on the left hand on the entrance into the Lady Chapel are of William Longfpear, natural fon of King Henry II. by Rofamond Clifford, and of his fon or kinfman, Nicholas Longfpear, who was afterwards, in 1291, bifhop of this church; they are buried under a large marble, which was once inlaid with Your Publication is esteemed by ing Enigma worthy their perufal, by giving Sarum, June 10. PUBLICANUS. YOUR humble fervant begs a place Thus blefs'd, I ne'er was heard to say, QUESTION II. A Gentleman, whofe favourite diverfion is a game at fives, obferves, that with an equal force or ftroke, he often ftrikes the ball to different diftances from the wall; he therefore will efteem it a favour to have the following question explained. Suppofe he ftands 15 feet from the wall, and ftrikes the ball at 2 feet from the ground, how high muft he mount it against the wall, fo that it may rebound the fartheft poffible? ORIGINAL ANECDOTE. "This An Account of fome very valuable and useful Difcoveries made in Mechanics, for Husbandry, and other Ufes, by WILLIAM WINLAW, of Margaret Street, Cavendish Square, London. bly might lend him fome. The monarchas nothing the infinite pleasure I then felt, advifed his confident to pay a vifit imme- and have felt ever fince, for having contriN the fuite of the Princefs Amelia, diately to the lady, and offered to accom- buted to the happiness and fuccefs of my there was formerly a lady of the name pany him in difguife. At the clofe of the Sovereign? That is the only intereft that of Ruffell, who was a grand-daughter of evening they both fet out from Mante, belongs to me, and the only reward my Oliver Cromwell, and who, it should feem, where the camp was, for Meulan, where ambition aims at." The lady accepted the inherited, without any alloy, much of his Madam le Clerc, the lady in queftion, re- title, but refufed the offered intereft. The undaunted and ready fpirit. One day, it fided. They were moft hofpitably received, family of Le Clerc, who have fince diftinhappened to be the thirtieth of January, the and after the ufual congratulations on the guifhed themfelves in civil and military cawas in waiting, and occupied in adjufting fuccefs of the King's army, the courtier pacities, ftill exift. This tract, properly fome part of the Princefs's attire, juft as the affecting an air of deep forrow-" Alas, drawn and engraved, might be the comthen Prince of Wales, the father of his Madam, faid he, to what purpose are all panion of the celebrated one, where Sully prefent Majefty, came into the room-His our victories! We are in the greateft prefents his mafter the money he had reRoyal Highness accofted Mifs Ruffell rather diftrefs imaginable; his Majefty has no ceived by the fale of the royal forests. fportingly, and faid to her, "For fhame, money to pay his troops; they threaten to Mifs Ruffell! why have you not been at revolt, and join the leaguers; Mayenne church, humbling yourself with weepings will triumph at last." "Is it poffible! and wailings, for the fin as on this day exclaimed Madam le Clerc; but let not committed by your grandfather?" "Sir," that afflict our gracious Sovereign; he will directly replied Mifs Ruffell, "for a grand- ftill find new refources; he fights for too daughter of Oliver Cromwell, it is humi-noble and glorious a caufe to be abandoned; liation fufficient to be employed as I am, many other perfons will follow my examin pinning up your fifter's tail!" His ple. On faying this, fhe quitted the Royal Highness took the reply, as a clever room, and returned with many bags full of man would take it, without the fmalleft gold, which fhe laid at their feet. offence, but on the contrary, with great is all I can do for the prefent, added fhe, delight, communicated it to feveral parties gracefully-go and relieve the Prince of he was in foon after. his anxiety; with him from me all the fuccefs and happiness he deferves; tell him to be confident that he reigns in the hearts of his subjects, and that my life and fortune are, and will be for ever, at his difpofal." Henry could not conceal himfelf any longer. "Generous woman, cried he, my friend has no occafion to go far to tell his Majefty the excellence of your heart; here he ftands before you, and is a witness to your effufions of fenfibility. engraved in Henry's heart." Madam le being able to utter a word; the confidant Clerc fell at the Monarch's feet, without wept, and Henry joined in the fweet emotions of tenderness. But the time was too precious to devote it folely to friendship and gratitude; for want of money the troops were ready to revolt that very morning. Henry and his friend took leave 5. What most people get in the morn-of the lady, and went to the army, who, ing, and an excellent joint of a hog. hearing they were to receive their pay, 6. What the generality of men are in, began to cry Vive le Roi (Long live the An ENIGMATICAL LIST of YOUNG LADIES refiding in Portsmouth. 7HAT we are enjoined and recommended to give those who are in I. 1. WH diftrefs. 2. An infect, from whose labour much A DESCRIPTION of Winlaw's Patent MILL, made upon a Plan entirely new, for feparating the Grain from the Ears of Corn, in Place of Threshing. THIS HS Mill was tried in June, 1785, in the presence of many gentlemen, and gave the greateft fatisfaction; and fince then to a great number of perfons at fundry times, who all expreffed great pleafure at feeing a performance fo compleat, and the machine conftructed upon a plan entirely new. Upon trial there were paffed through the fweet is produced, a consonant, and a fer. Be affured that the favour will be indelibly mill one bushel of the heads of wheat in one pentine letter. 3. The first letter of a fovereign's name, the middle vowel, and an article worn round the neck. 4. Two-thirds of the pleasanteft month in the year, two-thirds of an useful houfe to travellers, and the firft letter of what is moft conducive to our feeing. when in haste. 7. Sweet reversed. King.) From that time fuccefs attended every one of that Monarch's enterprizes, and after having fubdued his enemies, and 8. A narrow road often met with in the rendered himself master of the capital, he country. ANECDOTE Of HENRY IV. fent for Madam le Clerc one day when the is found that four bufhels of the ears will minute, with very moderate labour to the man that turned it; and, by experiment, it yield one bufhel of clean grain. This being allowed, the difference will clearly appear betwixt the expedition of the mill and the labour of a threfher; allowing that a man will thresh fix bufhels in a day, of eight hours work; the mill will clear that quantity in twenty-four minutes, and to an incomparably greater degree of perfection than can poffibly be done by the flail, for it feparates every grain from the ears, which must be allowed to be a very great faving; whereas much corn flies off by the flail, and a great deal loft by foul threshing, either when performed by tafk or day-work; and by ufing the mill, all fraudulent practices will be prevented, the ftraw is preferved in its original reed, which muft anfwer the effential purposes of thatching, &c. much better than when AFTER the battle of Ivry; Henry war, even at a time when the troops buried unday the fail, and every other being very much in want of money, afked one of his most trufty courtiers where he could procure fome. The courtier renlied, that he knew a very rich merchant's a zealous royalift, who very proba threatened to abandon me. She fhall be purpose equally well. The IMPROVED COMB for ftripping the ears from the ftraw has been tried; and a lad, without having practised, combed out a bufhel of ears in twenty minutes, |