LONDON, SATURDAY, JULY 10, 1875. CONTENTS. - N° 80. NOTES:-The Kent Branch of the Ancient Family of Malmains, 21-My Dog Rosa, 23-Origin of the Term Brand new"-An Alleged Plagiarism by Bishop Perey, 24-Milton's Use of the Word "Charm"-"Christened"-Pictures Representing St. Jerome-Palindromes-Parallel Passages, 25-Epitaph on John Hunter, Stonemason-Obsolete Loyalty -"Une Justice"-Cacography-"Resent"-" Etymological Geography," 26. QUERIES:-"Pantechnicon "Repository for Furniture"Ernesto: a Philosophical Romance"-Portrait of Lucretius -Rt. Hon. R. Hamilton-Justifiable Homicide, or Manslaughter?-Easter-Day Weather, 27-The Scotch Faith"The Genoese"-Edmund Sheffield-Queries on Richter's “Levana”—Talisman of Charlemagne -Seneca-" Agreeing to Differ"- The Sweepership of Gravesend - Launcelot Sturgeon-Heraldic, 28-The Bronze Coinage-"Sappho," a Tragedy-The Curwen Family-"The House that Jack Built"-The Lords of Wigmore-Cruikshanks-"Boke" or "Boxe"? 29. REPLIES:-Norwich Cathedral, 29-The Passage of the Question on English Grammar-Royal Authors-Schiller's "Song of the Bell," 33-Spurious Orders-The Statue of and Preaching - The Battle of Salamanca-Book of Common Prayer in Irish -" Caird "-Walter Long-" Whom" for included in most copies of the battle roll, such as they are; but bearing in mind the custom which prevailed at a later date of adding any name, then distinguished, to swell the number of the companions in arms of the Norman Duke, it seems at least questionable whether any of the family really figured either prominently or obscurely in that celebrated engagement. The armorial bearings of a Bishop of Ely (Robert de Orford), who did not officiate till between the years 1302 and 1309 (Edw. I., II.), head the series of shields in the "Tablet," many of the other coats and surnames being such, at the time renowned, as are to be found commonly in authentic rolls of arms of that period; and, for this and other reasons, some have been inclined to think the story of their connexion with the Conquest a concoction of no greater antiquity, perhaps, than the reign of Henry VII. We shall have, therefore, to content ourselves with Ralph Malesmains, a monk of the priory of St. Andrew, in Rochester, in the time of Henry I., as the earliest on record of this Kent family. He "Who," 35-Milton's "rathe primrose "-Thomas à Kempis was a great benefactor to the church of Rochester, on Pilgrims-Little London-Lord Chief Baron Pengelly-granting to it the tithes accruing from certain of East-Anglian Words-Pillories, 36-Steel Pens-Izaak Wal- his lands; a concession which was confirmed to it, ton-Clan Leslie-Engravings on Brass-Tibetot Aspall — River Luce, Wigtownshire - Pink Family-Hanging in by his son Robert, for ever. These first repreChains, 37 - Princes and Princesses-Transfusion of Blood-sentatives of this great name are referred to as of Lines on Age-Bodoni of Parma-Sermon Bells, 38. Notes on Books, &c. Notes. THE KENT BRANCH OF THE ANCIENT FAMILY OF MALMAINS. Kent appears to have always been the county most patronized by those of this name; there were, however, other branches seated in Surrey, Essex, Norfolk, and elsewhere, one of which I shall also touch upon in the course of this article. I am not aware that an account of them, either of the Kent or general line, or both, which has any pretension to being considered a complete one, has ever been published. I must perforce, therefore, establish mine upon the many independent notices in the public records, by means of such unquestionable authorities correcting, where necessary, and extending our previous knowledge of their genealogy. Stoke in Hoo, which would appear to have been their original and chief seat in the county, although Waldershare, at which a younger branch settled, ultimately eclipsed the more ancient residence. We next come to one Alanus Malesmains, of Kent, who paid aid at the marriage of Isabella, the king's daughter, in anno 14 Hen. II. (Liber Niger Scaccario, Hearne, p. 56), but it does not transpire whether he was of Stoke or not. Passing on to the reign of Hen. III., William de Malesmains claims our notice, who was a great benefactor to St. Radigund's Abbey, and was buried there in 1223.* He is probably the same Williamt who in anno 4 John was one of the Recognitores Magnæ Assisæ, or Judges of the Great Assize (Lansdowne MSS., No. 276, p. 3). A pedigree preserved by Hasted makes him of Waldershare, and gives him Henry de Malmains, the celebrated sheriff, for a son; this, however, is a mistake. Henry de Malmains was also a great benefactor to St. Radigund's, where he was likewise buried, and his will regisHasted heads the list, of course, with a Mal-tered; but the records clearly show that he was mains who came in with William the Norman, which is the usual thing if a family has the smallest claim to antiquity; and cites the so called "Tabula Eliensis," in Fuller's Church History, for "John Malmains, companion to Monk Otho," who was, according to that precious record, standard-bearer to the Norman footmen at the battle of Hastings. Its claims to authenticity are, however, generally allowed to be of the very lowest order. The name of Malmains is certainly the son *Weever (p. 296) refers to a William Malemayne as one of the builders of Great Chart Church, whose portrait was among those of the sixteen founders originally "in the north window of the North Chapell." According to Hasted (iv. 187), it was John Malmains who was a Recog. Mag. Assis. in the reign of John. He evidently only follows Philipot, who (Villare Cantianum, given in the MS. cited (John Philipot's Collections for p. 350) contradicts, possibly inadvertently, the account Kent) from the records, digovs vol esa Placitorum p. 119, in anno 27 Hen. III., "Hen. fil. Rogeri Malemyns"; also p. 120, "Rogus Malemeyns pater Henrici Malemeyns"), and in the twenty-seventh year of Hen. III. a minor, aged only nineteen, in the hands of Bertram de Criol (Roberts's Excerpta è Rotuli. Finium, vol. i. p. 388). The estates at Stoke were at that time, apparently, possessed by a Thomas Malmains, for later, at the commencement of the reign of Edw. I., we find "John,* son of Thomas Malmeis. of Stok in Hoo," ward to Robert Agulun (Rotuli Hundredorum, vol. i. p. 220). Henry de Malmains, although a great rebel towards the close of Henry III.'s reign, only obtaining reinstation in his estates through the intercession of the Abbot of Langdon, was yet appointed Sheriff of Kent in the beginning of the fifty-fifth year of that reign, and held the office till the end of the following year, when he died, his son and heir, John, fulfilling the duties in his stead during the first half of anno 1 Edw. I. The name of Henry de Malmains constantly occurs in the hundred rolls above referred to, compiled at the very commencement of Edward I.'s reign; and he doubtless had much to do with the preparations necessary for the taking of that important inquest, wherein he and Fulk Peyforer are styled, conjointly, "collectors." His estates appear to have been situated principally at Waldershare, in the Hundred of Eastry, and his descendants are generally alluded to in the records as of that place; but he also held land in Hoo (vide Testa de Nevill, p. 208, recapitulated at p. 214). There was, however, already, besides the elder branch seated at Stoke in the Hundred of Hoo, another in a neighbouring county, Surrey, at Ockley, which is often confounded with the two essentially Kent ones. To this branch, doubtless, belonged Nicholas Malmains, whose house at Tunbridge is spoken of in the Perambulation of the * We meet with an earlier John Malmains in several fines of the latter end of Henry III. For instance, in the thirty-ninth year of that reign, in one relating to Beckenham, betwixt John and Henry Malemeins; in another, relating to same place, anno 45 Hen. III.; and a third, of 55 Hen. III., in which the name of his wife Christiana occurs; as also one of anno 2 Edw. I., where his wife's name is again mentioned, relating to Meopham (vide Philipot, Fines of Kent temp. Hen. III. and Edw. 1., Lansdowne MSS., No. 267, folios 37, 61, and 68, and No. 268, p. 9). About this time, too, a Bartholomew Malemeins and Johanna his wife are mentioned in the records in connexion with Kent, anno 55 Hen. III. (Roberts's Ex. è Rot. Fin., ii. p. 548), and again in a fine relating to Stowting, anno 7 Edw. I., and another referring to Wrotham, anno 14 Edw. I. (Philipot's Fines, Lansdowne MSS., No. 268, pp. 68 and 84); but we have no means of ascertaining to which branch either of the foregoing belonged. The same remark applies to Adam Malemeyns, whose widow Juliana held land in Lewisham (in dower), anno 21 Edw. I. (ibid., p. 222); see however, the conclusion of this paper. Lowy of that place, anno 46 Hen. III., since most, if not all, of the line bore this Christian name. Í shall have more to say of them presently, but will dispose first of the branch at Waldershare, for the succeeding history of which we have the pretty reliable assistance of Glover, who gives among his collections (Harl. MS., No. 1104, fo. 8) an important pedigree, with two invaluable notes appended to it. The same pedigree, not so complete, but still useful for comparison, exists in another Harleian MS., No. 1824, at fo. 17.* Glover's commences with "Sir John Malmains of Waldershare, Knt." (that is, the grandson of Henry Malmains, the sheriff), who has issue two sons, John Malmains "of Waldershare" and Roger Malmains, the former of whom, it says in one of the notes alluded to, sold his estates (i. e., the greater part of them) to Henry de Bohun, Earl of Hereford, and to his brother the said Roger, who possessed Waldershare in this way (query, whom -the Earl of Hereford or Roger Malmains?) in the forty-second year of Edward III. It says further, in the second note, that a little later (i. e., in anno 46 Edward III.), Henry, son of this John Malmains, released to his uncle Roger likewise certain lands which he had had of Alan Twitham and William Leicester. The same MS. also tells us (at fo. 8 of second part) that the heir general of Roger Malmains married the Lord Hoo, so that the acquisitions of the younger branch of Waldershare would appear to have soon passed out of the name. Sir John Malmains who heads the pedigree was Knight of the Shire for Kent at York, anno 8 The Malmains pedigrees preserved by Mr. Hasted (Additional MSS, No. 5507, fo. 284, three, and fo. 308, one) are all more or less incorrect, mixing up the done in the Villare), and the former with the line at Ockley branch with that of Stoke (as Philipot has also Waldershare, or sometimes with both. One of these (Additional MSS., No. 5507, fo. 308), that already alluded to, which commences by making Henry Malmains, the sheriff, son to William buried in St. Radigund's in 1223, goes on to state that Lora Malmains (who was still alive, and paid aid for the lands she held in dower, anno 34 Edw. I.) was wife to said Henry Malmains, and that she remarried Roger de Tilmanstone. Hasted himself (iv. 191), inadvertently, I presume, speaks of her as the wife of Sir John Malmains, grandson to Henry Malmains; but Sir John Malmains' wife was named Ålianor (vide Calend. Inq. Pm., ii. 97). The pedigree gives them (Henry and Lora) eight children: John, Roger, Henry, and William, and four daughters, and terminates with John (i. e., Sir John Malmains), son to John, and Roger, son to William. The next most important pedigree, i.e., that of the Waldershare branch, has second on the list, correctly enough, Roger Malmains; but he is followed by the three Johns in succession; Henry the sheriff, son to said Roger, being altogether omitted. Further, a Nicholas Malmains, I suspect one of the Ockley line, is introduced as the son of Sir John Malmains and his wife Alianor. It will readily be perceived, therefore, that no very great amount of reliance can be placed upon any other existing pedigree than that of Glover. Edw. II., and again, at the same place, in the twelfth year of that reign, as also summoned to attend the great council five years later (anno 17 Edw. II.), but seems to have deceased soon after, his wife Alianor surviving him, who was alive in the fourteenth year of Edw. III. This Sir John it was, probably, who answered for half a fee "in Sellinge and Wodnesbergh," and a whole one "in Waldwashare," and who also held, with others, lands at "Elvington, Swanton, and Plucklee," at the levying of the aid of anno 34 Edw. I. 44 JAMES GREENSTREET. (To be continued.) MY DOG ROSA. When resident in a Scottish country town some fourteen years ago, my attention was directed to a performing dog, possessed by a respectable sculptor. Waiting on the sculptor, he brought out the dog, an English terrier bitch, but not of pure breed. Rosa, leap through that hoop," said the sculptor, holding in his hand an iron hoop, in girth not much exceeding the size of the dog herself. The creature leaped through the hoop again and again with much alacrity. "Be shot, Rosa," said her master, extending towards the animal a walkingstick resting against his shoulder. Rosa stood erect, pawed vehemently, and then, on a shout from her master imitating the report of a firelock, threw herself down, and, after some heavy respirations, closed her eyes, and lay extended as if quite dead. She lay motionless for several minutes; then, on a word from her master, started up and gambolled about briskly. I offered to purchase Rosa, and succeeded in effecting a bargain. Rosa came with me readily; and though passing the residence of her former owner every day, never sought to visit him. Being a bachelor, he lived with a landlady, who, I rather think, was not over kind to her lodger's companion. Rosa proved so intelligent, that I made an after-dinner recreation of instructing her in other feats. I placed visitingcards on the floor, and led her to take them up by mentioning the names. I then gave her what I termed lessons in arithmetic, botany, and other sciences. But I must explain particularly what I made Rosa to do. The cards of my visitors were arranged on the carpet in a small circle. Standing some yards off, I asked Rosa to bring me "Mr. Alfred Brown," or "Miss Jessie Jones," as the case might be. Rosa walked round the circle, looked at each card, till she came to the correct one, which she snatched up, and brought to me, wagging her tail. This performance concluded, I placed on the floor cards on which I had inscribed numbers from 1 to 12. These I also arranged in a circle, or, when strangers were present, I requested them to place the cards on the floor in their own fashion. I now undertook to make Rosa answer any arithmetical question within compass of the numbers inscribed on the cards. When visitors so requested me, I allowed them the privilege of putting questions to Rosa themselves. Any question within the four rules was permissible. Thus, Rosa might be asked to add 3, 2, 4, and 1; whereupon the creature walked round, and, on reaching the proper card, smartly picked it up, when it was sure to contain the right number. Or Rosa might be asked to subtract 7 from 19, when of course she picked up the card bearing the figure 12. Questions in multiplication and division were answered with equal promptitude and uniform accuracy. Latterly, I put questions in proportion, such as three yards of cloth at 3d. per yard. Rosa proceeded to take up the figure 11, and thereafter the figure 1, to suit the fraction. Rosa's supposed botanical knowledge was indicated thus: a lady friend painted on small cards a number of flowers, which were placed on the floor as in the foregoing experiments. Every new visitor was asked to arrange the cards in his own way, and to ask the dog to take up any particular flower which he might select. Rosa never failed to bring in her mouth the proper flower. Of course, many conjectures were entertained as to the mode in which the performance was carried out. Collusion was universally alleged; and I was supposed to make signals by raising my hand, or moving my foot, or scratching my head, or by using some particular word, or raising my voice in some peculiar manner. I accordingly had to satisfy every new set of visitors that these surmises were wrong. I was sometimes asked to place myself in the corner of the apartment, with my back towards the scene of performance. I never hesitated to do this; yet Rosa proved as accurate as ever. I only stipulated, on such occasions, that there should be no conversation during the performance, as the dog was apt to become confused when talking was carried on. So, indeed, she was, silence being essential to the absolute success of the experiments. On certain occasions, I obliged my friends by inducing Rosa to take up photographs placed on the floor in like manner as the cards. I made a fashion of explaining to Rosa who or what were represented in the photographs. They were then placed on the floor by a visitor in his own way; but Rosa was sure to bring the photograph sought for. This last experiment never failed to satisfy the most sceptical, that Rosa, through her innate intelligence, really comprehended what she was doing. Rosa practised other experiments, but these were probably the most striking. She is dead, and I now think of disclosing the signal by which she was enabled to surprise and delight my friends and her own. Nothing could be simpler than the mode of communication between us. I simply brought the point of my tongue in smart contact with the palate, which fine" or produced a click inaudible to bystanders, but ""Twas on a simmer afternoon, which reached Rosa's more sensitive ear. Only in A wee before the sun gae'd down, My lassie, in a bra' new gown, one instance do I remember any one detecting Came o'er the hills from Gowrie." the particular sound, and I am disposed to believe this was consequent on a hint obtained from one North of the Tweed, the word "bra'" (Scoticè to whom I had revealed the secret. I never wit- for "brave") is a general term for nessed experiments by any other performing dog, "handsome," and, in the phrase in question, is so as to ascertain whether the mode I adopted was primarily applied to anything of which the finepractised in other cases. With respect to Rosa, ness is in direct proportion to its newness. A her intelligence must appear as very remarkable, quite new, unsoiled article of dress, &c., would even with the explanation I have given. She was, therefore be, and is, appropriately styled "bra' I may add, most careful to avoid making a mis-new," and there are many other things besides, of take; and when, owing to the conversation of which it might be very truly said (as a Scotchbystanders, she was not quite sure that the woman once observed to me), "the newer the "click" had been given, she would suddenly pause bra'er." over the card she believed the right one till the signal was repeated, and if it was not, she would walk round the circle a second time to obtain a further sign. CHARLES ROGERS. Grampian Lodge, Forest Hill, S.E. As this seems to me a very plain and satisfactory explanation of the origin of the word, and also one that accounts for its first appearing in print in the form "bran-new" (which very nearly conveys the pronunciation of the Scotch "bra' new"), I shall be interested if any reader of "N. & Q." can supply a better one. W. M. North View, Holgate, York. ORIGIN OF THE TERM "BRAND-NEW." This expression, so written, is now frequently to be met with in the daily papers and other periodicals, the writers who use it appearing to AN ALLEGED PLAGIARISM BY BISHOP PERCY. have accepted the account which Archbishop-The following anecdote is transcribed from an Trench gives of it in his English, Past and Present extract from a newspaper in a volume of (p. 233), viz. :'cuttings" in my possession, and I should feel obliged by any correspondent informing me on what authority it rests. It has very much the air of a canard, or a story which might as well be given to Bishop Percy as to any one else : "There is a capital anecdote told of Bishop Percy, who, having promised to preach a sermon for some charity, forgot to write it till a very late hour, and then in his hurry taking up Johnson's Rambler, found that the fifth, or some other early number, contained all that which was so much admired, that not only the governors he wanted. So he quietly preached from The Rambler, and committee of the charity, but the whole congregation, begged him earnestly to print his sermon. The good bishop stoutly refused until the governors explained that their profits depended on it." "When the first syllable of 'bran-new' was spelt 'brand,' with a final d-brand-new' [the Archbishop unfortunately omits to state when or where it was so spelt-how vigorous an image did the word contain ! The brand' is the fire, and brand-new,' equivalent to 'fire-new' (Shakespeare), is that which is fresh and bright, as being newly come from the forge and fire. As now spelt, 'bran-new' conveys to us no image at all." In the absence of any quotation to prove that the Archbishop's mode of spelling the word is the original and true one, his account of it seems rather an attempt to explain why it should be so spelt, instead of "bran-new," which, as he says, "conveys to us no image at all"; unless, perhaps, I might suggest that of the bran newly sifted or separated from the flour. However, assuming him to have, The anecdote abruptly ends here. In 1769 in the first instance, found the word written Percy, who was then chaplain to Hugh, Duke of "brand-new," and not to have created it, his Northumberland, published A Sermon preached explanation of it is plausible enough, and cer- before the Sons of the Clergy, on the text St. John tainly not less ingenious than some of the deriva-xiii. 25, a copy of which is in existence in the tions given in the Clavis Homerica, and other guiding lights of the root-exploring student of the last generation, such as-"Taupos, taurus; a reívw, tendo, et ovpà, cauda; άrò Tou TeiveLv Tηv ovpav, ab extendendo caudam; or, Aíos, lapis; a Xíav, valde, et féeiv, currere; quia e mand emissum celerrime currit"! &c. It appears to me that the true derivation of the word is to be found in the familiar Scotch phrase "bra' new," which has travelled far "over the Border" in the well-known ballad of "The Lass o' Gowrie " : Bodleian Library at Oxford. With that exception, though a voluminous writer and indefatigable editor, I am not aware of his having given to the world anything of the sermonesque kind. A collation of this sermon with some of the earlier numbers of The Rambler would at once show whether he was indebted to them for it. The Rambler was commenced by Percy's friend Dr. Johnson in 1749-50, and ended in 1752. But the story ends rather suddenly, without expressly asserting that Percy gave his consent for the publication of the sermon, though strongly leading us to infer that he did so. Percy was appointed to the bishopric of Dromore MILTON'S USE OF THE WORD "CHARM."-In “N. & Q." (3rd S. xi. 221, 382, 510) some interesting remarks were made by various correspondents on the meaning of the word charm in the passage where Milton speaks of the "charm of earliest birds," the poet not intending merely to describe their song as something delightful, but using charm as equivalent to concert or combined harmony. word christened signifies. It has been a miscon- PICTURES REPRESENTING ST. JEROME.-There is in French an instructive book of which the title is Les Erreurs des Peintres. In The Conformity between Modern and Ancient Ceremonies, London, 1745, I find the following observations on the usual representations of St. Jerome : In by far the greatest number of instances in "After St. Hierom has thus described the Habit of which Milton uses the words charm, charming, he the superstitious Women of his time, he proceeds to that 'And that you may not think,' says he, does so in the ordinary sense of delightful, fasci- of the men. 'that I dispute against the women only, avoid the men nating, acting like a spell; but in one other likewise whom you see with an Iron Chain round them, passage besides that above quoted he seems to use...with a goat's beard and bare-footed in the greatest cold. charm to signify a harmony of many sounds blending and melting into each other, like the notes of wind instruments, as distinguished from the more abrupt, staccato effect of strings :- 66 These are all evidences of the Devil. Such as these Rome formerly lamented in Antony, and lately in Sophronius, who, when they have crept into noblemen's Houses, and led captive silly Women laden with sins, always learning, but never coming to the knowledge of the Truth, put on dismal Looks, and pretending to keep long Fasts, spend the whole night in Junketting.' "You here behold a natural Portrait of the monks of our times, who, like those St. Hierom speaks of, have sophers. If Painters had read this passage, they would formed themselves upon the model of the Pagan Philonot represent St. Hierom, as they commonly do, with a Frock, a goat's beard, and bare feet; for it is not likely that he would have blamed these things in others if he had been guilty of them himself." overAshford, Kent. "And all the while harmonious airs were heard Of chiming strings or charming pipes." Par. Reg., ii. 363. In Milton's poems, according to Cleveland's Verbal Index, the words charm, charming, occur thirty-three times, and in all cases, except in the two above quoted, the poet uses the words as connected with fascination, delight, or spell. Thus, "the charms of beauty's powerful glance"; come with female charms"; "she can unlock the clasping charm"; "with jocund music charm his ear"; "the bellman's drowsy charm"; juggler would seek to charm thy judgment"; "harmony divine so smooths her charming tones' "in Adam's ear so charming left his voice"; "songs, garlands, flowers, and charming symphonies" (possibly in this instance the word is used in its exceptional sense); “how_charming is divine philosophy," &c. J. DIXON. "this PALINDROMES. RALPH N. JAMES. -1. A noble lady, in Queen Elizabeth's time, being for awhile forbidden the Court for being over familiar with a great lord in favour, gave this emblem, the moon covered with a cloud, and underneath :— "Ablata, at alba." 2. A great lawyer, as well, gave this :- Anglice "Give me my fee, and I warrant you free." 3. A scholar and a gentleman, living in a rude country town where he had no respect, wrote this with a coal in the town hall : Ashford. "Subi dura à rudibus." "CHRISTENED."-Archbishop Trench and, more recently, Mr. E. A. Freeman have done good service in pointing out the gross misapplication of words which is growing upon us in this age. In no instance is this more remarkable or more offensive than in what I might call. except that I believe it is simply done from thoughtlessness, the See Camden's Remains, ed. 1870. profane use of the word christened. We frequently hear of bells being christened, a ship being christened, or this, that, or the other inanimate thing being christened. A writer in a number of "N. & Q." now before me describes "How a Picture was Christened." Surely it would have been just as easy, and much more accurate, to have said it was named. A moment's reflection will show every Christian man that there is a wide distinction between being named and being made a member of Christ, nothing less than which the PARALLEL PASSAGES. FREDK. RULE. "Drawing near her death she sent most pious thoughts as harbingers to heaven: and her soul saw a glimpse of happiness through the chinks of her sickness-broken body."--Fuller, The Holy State, Monica. "The soul's dark lodging, battered and decayed, |