THE

WORKS

OF

WILLIAM ROBERTSON, D.D.

FELLOW OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY, AND PRINCIPAL

OF THE UNIVERSITY, OF EDINBURGH,

HISTORIOGRAPHER TO HIS MAJESTY FOR SCOTLAND,

AND

MEMBER OF THE ROYAL ACADEMY OF HISTORY

AT MADRID.

TO WHICH IS PREFIXED,

AN ACCOUNT OF HIS LIFE AND WRITINGS,

BY DUGALD STEWART, F.R.S. EDIN.

A NEW EDITION:

IN TEN VOLUMES.

VOL. VII.

HISTORY OF AMERICA.

LONDON:

PRINTED FOR T. CADELL; F. C. AND J. RIVINGTON; J. NUNN; J. CUTHELL;
J. AND W. T. CLARKE; LONGMAN, HURST, REES, ORME, AND BROWN; E. JEF-
FERY; J. BOOKER; J. AND A. ARCH; BLACK, KINGSBURY, PARBURY,
AND ALLEN; J. AND T. GRAY; JOHN RICHARDSON; J. M. RICHARDSON;
J. CARPENTER; R. H. EVANS; J. MURRAY; J. HARDING; W. STEWART;
BALDWIN, CRADOC K,AND JOY; SHERWOOD, NEELY, AND JONES; OGLE AND
CO.; W. GINGER; R. S. KIRBY; G. AND W. B. WHITTAKER J. AND T. ALL-
MAN; G. MACKIE; AND SIMPKIN AND MARSHALL.

PRINTED BY R. AND A. TAYLOR,

SHOE-LANE, LONDON.

PREFAC E.

IN

N fulfilling the engagement which I had come under to the Public with respect to the History of America, it was my intention not to have published any part of the work until the whole was completed. The present state of the British Colonies has induced me to alter that resolution. While they are engaged in civil war with Great Britain, inquiries and speculations concerning their ancient forms of policy and laws, which exist no longer, cannot be interesting. The attention and expectation of mankind are now turned towards their future condition. In whatever manner this unhappy contest may terminate, a new order of things must arise in North America, and its affairs will assume another aspect. I wait with the solicitude of a good citizen, until the ferment subside, and regular government be re-established, and then I shall return to this part of my work, in which I

had made some progress. That, together with the history of Portuguese America, and of the settlements made by the several nations of Europe in the West-India Islands, will complete my plan.

The three volumes which I now publish contain an account of the discovery of the New World, and of the progress of the Spanish arms and colonies there. This is not only the most splendid portion of the American story, but so much detached, as by itself to form a perfect whole, remarkable for the unity of the subject. As the principles and maxims of the Spaniards in planting colonies, which have been adopted in some measure by every nation, are unfolded in this part of my work; it will serve as a proper introduction to the history of all the European establishments in America, and convey such information concerning this important article of policy, as may be deemed no less interesting than curious.

In describing the achievements and institutions of the Spaniards in the New World, I have departed, in many instances, from the accounts of preceding historians, and have often related facts which seem to have