STOCKS IN JULY, 1791 LOND.GAZITTE 4 For Coventry Derby, Exeter Hereford, Hull LEICESTER Liverpool 3 Manchetter Newcastle 3 Northampton OXFORD Reading Salisbury Sheffield 2 Sherborne 2 Shrew bury Winchester YORK 3 AUGUST, 1791. CONTAINING Meteorolog, Diaries for July and Aug. 1791 690 Fête at Gibraltar in Honour of Prince Edward 716 By SYLVANUS URBAN, Gent. Pranted for D. HENRY by JOHN NICHOLS, Red Lion Patfage, Fleet-feet; 1. Wind fo brifk, as to blow the hay, in loading, over the meadows-12. A general want of grafs.-13. Gathered first ripe goofeberries.-16. Cobwebs upon the hedge banks, blackberry in bloom, wheat in bloom, vegetation again going forward, the brown hue of the fields fomething changed, grafs fprings a little.-18. About fix o'clock this evening, the wind round the compafs in the courfe of ten minutes, and with violence.-25. Thunder, and a violent hail-ftorm, at a village not far diftant.-28. Hay harveft chiefly finished, the crop not fo heavy, but fuperior in quality to the coarfe long grafs of laft year. Hay well got. Fall of rain this month, 2.5-1oths of an inch; evaporation, 4.4-15ths. METEOROLOGICAL TABLE for Auguft, 1791. Height of Fahrenheit's Thermometer. 29,36 55 48 61 16 64 61 59 31 57 47 57 38 57 56 57 58 76 58 88 66 60 65 47 66 32 64 40 62 58 63 65 61 42 63 48 62 22 61 59 66 22 60 26 60 50 60 26 59 42 68 grey and black clouds, no fun, very cold, rain at grey, rain blue fky, white clouds, ftormy rain grey and black clouds, rain blue fky, white clouds, unpleasant day blue fky, a few white clouds, good hay day' blue fky, white veil, black clouds, calm at evengloomy, thunder, much rain [ing, rain at night cloudy, a heavy shower overcaft, clears up, rain at night white clouds, fair gloomy, rain cloudy, rain at night white clouds, high cold wind, rain at night black clouds, clears up, ftar-light little overcaft, clears up, overcaft, much rain gloomy, ftormy showers [fun-fet cloudy, fmall rain, high wind, red clouds after overcaft, little rain, wind carries off the rain 12 75 66 29,93 75 61 309 13 ,2 thunder at night" 14 69 81 69 fair 16 ნა 93 fair 56 30,3 54 fair 45 fair 95 fair. 32 fair 15 thowery 03 fair Barom. Weather 61 73 67 68 72 59 ,18 fair JI 6377 64 29,91 fair W. CARY, Mathematical Inftrument-Maker, oppofite Arundel-Street, Strand. THE Gentleman's Magazine: For 1791. (691 I Mr. URBAN, Hinckley, Aug. 18. *XXX YESTERDAY took a ride to High Cross, having heard the evening before that it had been ftruck by lightning. By *XXX* the inclofed fketch you will fee the prefent appearance; all the upper part of the Crofs was thrown down, and many of the ftones (plit by the lightning, and thrown about, in part, perhaps, by the crampings of the iron within the ftones. AUGUST, BEING THE SECOND NUMBER OF VOL. LXI. PART II. You Mr. URBAN, Aug. 19. JOUR readiness to encourage whatever may contribute to the happinefs or welfare of others tempts me to fend to you the following obfervations, which, if put in practice, might, I think, conduce to the health of thofe alluded to in it. Having, fome years ago, had frequent occafions of going into Buckinghamshire, in which the manufacture of lace is a conftant employment of the women, I much lamented their univerfally dif eafed appearance. Their countenances are generally pale, and of a yellowish colour; and not a few of them are de formed in their bodies. It evidently appeared to me that thefe imperfections are brought on by their courfe of life. Reflecting on thefe circumftances, I refolved to try whether thefe bad effects might not, in fome degree, be prevented. The fituation is high, and it was more expofed than any other object in the neighbourhood. It happened about 20 minutes before one o'clock on the morn ing of the 16th inftant. The flash of lightning, and the explosion of the thunder, were noticed at Hinckley at the diftance of about five feconds of time, which agrees pretty well as to the diftance. The preceding day was hot and fultry. Reaumur's thermometer ftood at 20°, that is, about 77° of Fahrenheit's. I apprehend the storm was not lo violent at Hinckley as at many other places, for I believe it was very extenfive; but we had a great deal of vivid, pale lightning for many hours. The first appearance of the ftorm and thunder, I oblerved, came from the South and South-weft, gradually approaching the latter part of the afternoon of the 15th inftant. J. ROBINSON. While working of lace, they lead a fedentary life; their bodies bent forward over their cushions, which reft on their laps. Their bodies being bent, the lungs have not a free play; whence arife various complaints in their breafts. The liver and bowels being alfo preffed upon, the circulation of the fluids in their feveral veffels is impeded; whence flatulences and obftructions, and confequent pains in the abdomen. The fchools in which the boys and girls are taught are low rooms, kept clofe and warm, because their employ does not require the degree of exercife. neceffary to create warmth. In fuch rooms grown women generally affociate together. The air in thefe rooms becomes loaded with perfpirable matter, and other effluvia, arifing from their bodies. Their breathing in the confined air renders it unfit for refpiration. It is well known to medical practitioners, that very dangerous fevers, and other difeafes, arife from confined air. The boys educated in thefe fchools are foon called Called forth into the open air, to be variofly employed in active life; and thus, generally, foon get the better of the bad effects contracted during their education. As there was a school in the village to which my bufinefs occafionally called me, I refolved to try fuch means as occurred to me to be proper for preventing the abovementioned inconveniences. In order, in the firft place, to prevent the bad effects of vitiated, confined air in the fchool, I made an opening in the cieling of the fchool-room, close to the chimney flue; and from that opening I caufed a flue to be built, as high as the chimney, the fide of the chimney making one fide of this new flue. The heat of the fire warming the chimney-flue, the motion of the air in the new flue was thereby accelerated; and by these ineans there was a conftant current of air upwards from the fchool in the new flue, efpecially when the door or windows were opened: and as the noxious, putrefcent animal particles are known to afcend in the air, they are thus conftantly carried off, and hereby a perpe. tual ventilation is formed, the fchool continuing as warm as before. Such openings in affembly (or other crowded) rooms would be found convenient. To prevent the inconveniences ariling from the bent pollure of the body while at work, I caufed a frame to be made, to fupport the pillow to fuch an height as to be at a proper diftance from the eye when the perfon working ftood upright; and, in order to give them occafional relief, I caufed a refting fupport for the feet to be made in the lower part of the frame, when they were inclined to fit on a feat placed behind them. By this means the body was conftantry upright. This kind of relief is found fo convenient, that, in many merchants' offices, their writing-defks are of fuch an height as to admit of the clerks ftanding or fitting, thereby occafionally refing themfelves. While in the country, I prevailed on a fmart, fenfible girl in the neighbourhood to work at a frame which I had made for ber, which pleafed her much. I am forry to mention, that, on enquiry, I have not been informed that this practice is followed. S. A. RECEIPT for making CHOCOLATE and TEA. Dear Sifter DAWSON, Yates, I fent you a chocolet-pot, the best and most fashionable. I could meet with, and likewife a tea-pot and finall parcell of very good tea; all which I freely prefent to you, and beg of you as freely to accept, as a fmali demonftration of my gratitude for your by-paft kindneffes and obligations you have heaped upon mee. I have fent them in a little box, in which is alfo a little broke, which I hope may be acceptable to Jofias and William. Underneath I have fent you the best directions I could get for makeing the chocolet and tea. Pray a line or two of the receipt of the box, and prefent my duty, love, and fervice, as you know is due, from your moft obliged and affectionate brother, and moft humble fervant, JON. DAWSON. 3 March, 1687, from my chamber in Bernard's-inn, by a good fire-fide. For makeing the Chocolet. Put into the pot halfe milke and halfe wa ter, and let it boyle well; then put in two ounces of Chocolet, and two ounces of fugar, and ftirr it up well together till it be diffolv ed, and then boyle it well up. Scrape your Chocolet well before you put it into the pot. If you make it with all water you must put in three ounces of Chocolet. For Tea. Let a pint of faire water boyle well, and when it boyles take it from the fire, and then wrapt up in a paper which I have put into put in the fame quantity of tea you will find the tea-pot, or more if you thinke fitting; then let it ftand neare the fire (but not to boyle) about halfe a quarter of an houre, and then you may drink it. On a Marble in Cheflerfield Church, Derbyshire. EDWARD BURTON, attorney at law, in Chesterfield, A tender husband, and a friend fincere, Thefe lines, Mr. Urban, are melodious enough, and were written by the late Bishop Halifax, whole fifter Mr. Burton had married. But this, however, is a very bad epitaph, as it informs not pol* Pope. terity terity of the particular circumftances of the fubject of it, viz that he was a native of the borough of Chesterfield, where his father had been a member of the corporation; that he married one of the three daughters of Mr. Robert Halifax, an apothecary of Mansfield, in the county of Nottingham; that he died without iffue, and left his wife a widow. And as to the last line, in which we are to fuppofe the poignancy of the infcription to confist, one can hardly think it true, because it is equally applicable to the late John Elwes, efq. and many another worthless character, who are often found to have a strict regard to juftice, to meum & tuum, without one grain of goodness of heart. And thus mere integrity, when fole and unaccompanied by other virtues, falls fo tar fhort in value of the exalted virtues of benevolence and beneficence, that it can never place a man on a level with Mr. John Howard, with faints and angels, who, nevertheless, were all the works, the nobleft and beft works, of God. L. E. Aug. 16. IN your useful and entertaining Magazine of last month there is a letter figned W. C. rafhly charging the Quakers with Deifm; and as boldly affert ing, that the author of a book, called "The Snake in the Grafs," best knew how to detect them, &c. &c. Mr. URBAN, Now this anonymous calumniator may be fecure in his hiding-place, as a perfon beneath the notice of writers of ability and character. It is enough juft to condefcend to obferve, that, by unfounded accufations, he has manifefted, moft glaringly, both his malice and his ignorance. Mrs. Knowles, in the Johnfonian dialogue alluded to, fully clears their Society of the Doctor's infinuation of Deifm; and their numerous writ ings prove them alfo to be incontrovertibly found in the Chriftian faith. "The Snake in the Grafs" fpeedily met with an effectual answer, in a publication intituled "A Switch for the Snake." This whole fome Switch prefently whipped him into cover, whence he never after ventured to peep out his head. If W. C. expects to be attended to, let him manfully fupport his charges with his name! Heroes draw not their fwords on fhadows! M. N. Mr. URBAN, Auguft 17. THOUGH little weight can be laid on the etymology of a fingle word 3 in proof of the famenefs of two diftant nations, as of the Americans*, for example, being defcended from the Britons of this inland, because the name of a bird, penguin, fignifies in Welsh white-bead, agreeable to the defcription of the fowl, which may be only a cafual coincidence; and though ftill lefs can be inferred from the Naraganfet-rock infcriptions, once thought to be Phoenician, and that an argument might be drawn from thence, that the Carthaginians or Poni had been there +, but at laft turned out to be only either fome unmeaning fcratches, or at beft Tartarian characters ; yet, furely, Mr. Urban, we have good and fufficient grounds now for believing, from the va rious authorities and probable evidence produced in your Magazines for this year (pp. 329, 396, 612), that certain Britons do actually exift in North Ame rica, and are at this time a great and powerful nation. Query, therefore, whether it would not be well worth while for the Government to interpofe, and to fend out fome adventurers at the public expence, furnishing them with all manner of neceffaries, and promifing them foine competent, or rather liberal, rewards, if fuccefsful, in order to explore more fully the latitudes alluded to in those papers, for the purpose, first, of afcertaining the matter of fact; and then, if the fatements of the feveral papers fhould prove true, of profecuting a trade with that congenial nation, which, as one has abundant reafon to believe, would prove at leaft as beneficial as that of Botany Bay, or Nootka Sound. I would pro pole then, that the adventurers fent on this important difcovery, for fuch I esteem it, fhould be four or fix in num ber, for fear of accidents or fick nefs; that they fhould be fent from hence to Canada in a king's fhip; and, laftly, that they fhould be all Britons from North Wales, healthy and robuft, fenfible and intelli gent, and the more literate the better, for the making of all proper obfervations on what they may fee, and hear, and feel. From the public fpirit of Mr. Pennant, Sir, I cannot at all doubt but he, though he has taken a folemn leave of the nation as a writer, would condefcend to give himself the trouble, if properly applied to, of feeking out in his own country the required number of perfons to qualified as above. L. E. |
