Pers-pire, n. v. to sweat agreement or advice the right, to corrupt Pre-serve, a. v. to keep, to Pre-side, n. v. to rule over Pro-lix, a. long, tedious up their hands and they bowed their heads, and worshipped the LORD, with their faces to the ground." The people then stood again in their places, and the priests and Levites "read in the book of the law of God distinctly, and gave the sense, and caused the people to understand the reading." That which is called "a pulpit," seems to have been a scaffold or platform, similar to those which are used in the present day when large crowds are to be addressed, whether in the open air, or in some suitable building. It was not uncommon in this country, in large open spaces of ground, such as market-places and churchyards, to have what were called preaching crosses, which consisted of a pulpit raised some feet above the ground, with a canopy over the head of the speaker, from which sermons were delivered in the open air. Some of the hearers sat upon the steps, or upon very rude benches, but the greater portion stood in front of the pulpit. The inhabitants of the houses adjoining listened from their windows, at which were sometimes seen seated many of the gentry and nobility. The name pulpit is now generally given to the higher desk in a church or chapel, where the minister stands to preach a sermon,distinct from the lower desk, in which the reader or clerk stands. Great expense is often bestowed upon the erection of such pulpits, they being richly carved, and decked with velvet cushions, gold trimmings, and other costly ornaments. Pro-mote, a. v. to help, to exalt ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. Quag-mire, s. a bog A RECORD is a register laid up or entered in a court or public office. Books of record, or chronicles, were kept in ancient times, in which were choice and wise laws or maxims, or matters of importance relative to the state. This was the case in the courts of the Hebrew kings; and the practice prevailed also in other nations; but none seem to have taken such pains as the Persians to preserve the memory of their doings by written records. When the Jews, captives in Persia, were about to repair the ruins of their beloved city, their enemies opposed it, and wrote a letter to Artaxerxes, the king, in which they petitioned him in these words,-"That search may be made into the book of the records of thy fathers: so shalt thou find in the book of the records, and know that this city is a rebellious city, and that they have moved sedition within the same of old time.” The king, in consequence, had the records searched, and found as they had said, and prevented Jerusalem at that time from being recovered from its ruins. On another occasion, when a plot against the life of Artaxerxes was discovered by Mordecai, the two men who laid the plot were taken and hanged, "and it was written in the book of the chronicles before the king." Some time after, on a night when the king could not sleep, this record was read to him; and it being found that no reward had been bestowed on Mordecai, the richest honours were decreed to him. The elevation of Mordecai, the downfal of Haman, the preservation of the Jews, and the destruction of their principal Ram-part, s. a wall of defence plunder, to rummage Rec-tor, s. a ruler, minister Re-lish, s. taste, flavour enemies,all arose from It was the custom, also, to record most of the sayings and doings of wise or great men. Amongst the Persians, all that the king did or said was thought worthy of being registered. He was usually sur rounded by scribes, whose duty it was to take note of his words and actions; they were rarely absent from him, and always attended him when he appeared in public. They had to register all his edicts and commands; which were written in his presence, sealed with his ring, and sent forth by his messengers. From these records, carefully preserved, a great portion of the history of the empire was afterwards compiled. The books of chronicle or records, of which mention is made in the Bible and other ancient histories, bore but little resemblance to those volumes to which that name is now given. Some of these records were written on stone or ivory; some on tablets of wood covered with wax; some on the leaves and bark of trees; some on linen; and ACCENTED ON THE SECOND. Re-coil, n. v. to fly back Re-count, a. v. to relate Re-course, s. application Re-cruit, a. v. to repair Re-deem, a. v. to ransom degrade, to subdue Re-gale, a. v. to feast many on the skins of animals, in the form of either leather or parchment. The rolls, or volumes, were composed of several sheets rolled upon a stick, or fastened together with fine cord. Some of these rolls were very long, and the reader unrolled them with one hand as he read on, and rolled them back with the other. Those written on wood, or metal, or ivory, were fastened together by rings at the back, through which rings a rod was passed by which to carry them. An interesting fact is recorded in the book of Jeremiah. The prophet was directed to take "a roll of a book," and write down a number of threatenings against Israel, in the hope of bringing them to repent of their evil doings. This was done, and Baruch was sent to read it to the people. Some of the princes asked Baruch, "How didst thou write all these words at the mouth of Jeremiah? And Baruch said, He pronounced all these words to me with his mouth, and I wrote them with ink in the book." The roll was, shortly afterwards, read to Jehoiakim, who was greatly displeased with its contents," and after Jehudi had read three or four leaves, he cut it with a penknife, and cast it into a fire that was on the hearth, until all the roll was consumed."-The merciful intention of JEHOVAH in sending these warnings having been thus frustrated by the additional wickedness of the rulers of the people, He commanded his prophet to write another roll, in which all the former threatenings were repeated, with the addition of several threatenings still more fearful. For, "who hath hardened himself against GOD, and hath prospered?" Re-gard, s. esteem, care Re-miss, a. careless [send away Re-new, a. v. to make new, to begin again Re-nounce, a. v. to disown A REPAST is a meal, or refreshment. In Eastern nations the guests recline upon couches or mattresses: in Turkey and Egypt they sit upon the ground, on mats or rich carpets. The food is placed before them on trays. Plates, knives, forks and spoons, are sometimes allowed to Europeans, as a favour, but the natives use, chiefly, their fingers. If there be a whole animal, or a large joint of meat, the master of the repast pulls it to pieces with his hands, and presents the choicest morsels to his friends The provisions, however, are mostly served up in the form of soups, or minced meats. A thin slice of bread, or a small portion of boiled rice, is dipped in the dish, and eaten with the meat or soup which adheres to it. The fingers are wiped upon the bread, or upon napkins provided for the purpose. F |