ORIGIN OF THE DIFFERENT NATIONS, THEIR POLITICAL REVOLUTIONS, THE WHOLE COMPRISING ALL THAT IS IMPORTANT IN THE GEOGRAPHY OF THE BY JOHN BIGLAND, Author of "Letters on Ancient and Modern History," "Essays on various WITH NOTES, CORRECTING AND IMPROVING THE PART WHICH RELATES TO THE BY JEDIDIAH MORSE, D.D. A.A.S. S.H.S. Author of the American Universal Geography, e. IN FIVE VOLUMES. VOL. II. SECOND AMERICAN EDITION. PUBLISHED BY W. W. WOODWARD, PHILADELPHIA, AND BY T. B. WAIT & Co. AND CHARLES WILLIAMS, BOSTON. T. B. Wait & Co. Printers. 1812. 9788351 DISTRICT OF MASSACHUSETTS, TO WIT: BE it remembered. That on the twentieth day of July, A. D. 1911, and a tie tientjaisth year of the Laddependence of the United States of America. THOMAS B WAIT AND Co. of the said district, have deposited in this office the title of a book, the right whereal they elaica as proprietors, in the words following, to wit: A Geographical and Hworical Vorm of the World: exhibiting a complete dei neation of the natural and artificial features of each comtry; and a suecinet narrative of the origin of the different nations, their political revalutions, and progress in arts, setenees, Literature, commgree, etc. The whole comprising all that is important in the geography of the globe, and the history of mankind. By John Bigland, author of Letters on Ancient and Modern History," "Essays on various subjects,” etc. etc. With Notes, correting and improving the part which relates to the American Continent and Islands. By Jedidiah Morse, D.D. A.A.S. S.H.S. author of the American Universal Geography, etc. La five volumes. In conformity to the act of the Congress of the United States, intitled, “An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by securing the Copies of Maps. Charts, and hooks, to the Authors and Proprietors of such copies, during the times therein mentioned;" and also to an act intitled, " An act supplementary to an aet, intitled, an act for the encouragement of learning, by securing the copies of Maps, Charts, and Books, to the authors and proprie. tors of such copies during the tunes therein mentioned; and extending the benefits thereof to the Arts of Designing, Engraving, and Etching Historical, and other Prints " WILLIAM S. SHAW, Clerk of the District of Massachusetts. 38 DE 138 A 718 VIEW OF THE WORLD. SCOTLAND. CHAPTER I. Name....Situation....Extent....Face of the Country....Mountains....Rivers.... Canals.....Lakes....Metals and Minerals....Mineral Waters.....Soil....Climate.....Vegetable Productions.....Animal Productions.....Natural and artificial Curiosities. SCOTLAND, anciently named Caledonia, by which appellation it is designated in the luminous pages of Tacitus, is situated between 55° and 58° 40′ north latitude, and between 1o and 6 west longitude; being about 250 miles in length from north to south, with a very irregular breadth, in some parts extremely narrow, and no where exceeding 160 miles. The content of its surface has been computed at 27,793 square miles, considerably more than half of that of England; and the population being estimated at 1,600,000, the proportion of the inhabitants to the soil is only fifty-seven for a square mile. This defect of population is chiefly owing to the mountainous nature of the country, of which a very great part is wholly unfit for cultivation, and of little value for pasturage. Face of the country.]-The face of the country is extremely diversified, and the popular distinction of highlands and lowlands is expressive of the contrast between the mountainous and the level part. The lowlands are a'champaign rather than a flat country, in general fertile, and bearing a strong resemblance to England; but the highlands are strikingly picturesque, consisting of high and barren mountains running in every direction, indented and intersected with deep valleys and lakes, and presenting all the romantic forms into which the VOL. II. 1 |