"He seems to stand up here like a great light in the midst of much darkness, bold, very bold, and yet affectionate and kind."

Such, indeed, was Tholuck in molding rationalistic Christianity in the lines of a spiritual experience of saving truth. He was the means of converting Olshausen, and strongly influenced De Wette. Americans were especially attracted to him on account of his evangelical teachings.

The admiration of Tholuck and Lincoln was mutual. Witte, the biographer of Tholuck, extracted the following from his diary respecting Lincoln, "Oh, how I love that nervous, humorous, intelligent boy." This affectionate interest was reciprocated. In 1878 he paid a sad visit to the widow of Tholuck, but recently afflicted, and refreshed his mind with reminiscences of the instructor of his youth, profoundly thankful for the influence of that great heart and life. In 1842 he wrote, "It is a great blessing to be near such a spirit as his. He has already given me impressions I shall never lose." The impress of Tholuck he continued to feel throughout his career. Germany had not alone the honor of preparing Lincoln for his life work. In Geneva he studied French. The winter of 1843-44, and part of the following spring, were passed in Rome studying classical literature and archæology. Before returning home he spent a few weeks in Paris. In 1844 he became assistant professor of Latin in Brown, and at the close of his first year was promoted to the full professorship.

The enthusiasm of teaching Professor Lincoln never lost. To the time of his last offices he poured out to his students the wealth of his mind, the abounding strength of his character. He knew the students'

ties. He assisted where assistance was necessary, but carefully avoided placing a premium upon indolence. Rev. Daniel Goodwin, of the class of 1857, pays the following tribute to his conduct as a teacher: "What most impressed us about the latelydeparted and dearly-beloved Professor of the Latin Language and Literature was his sheer earnestness. He worked himself, and he expected work. There was no nonsense about him. None others talked so little in the class-room, and none others secured quite such order and decorum. We all had an utter belief in the absolute sincerity of the man. In his presence the most volatile became temporarily sedate. Work began at the first moment of the recitation hour and lasted to the closing one. 'Too soon called' could seldom have been written so fittingly as concerning this most lovable and best of men. Of no one of the old Faculty will the memory be kept longer green."

OF OTHER THINGS.

The nature of Professor Lincoln was too broad to be confined merely to the routine of class-room work. What he did in his study he thought of value for the world about him. The study of Latin he considered helpful toward a high appreciation of all things. He deemed it especially useful in attaining broad culture. His habits as a student gave him facility as an author. His pure literary taste found expression in the elaborated essay. His culture, molded in Christian forms for Christian ends, put sweetness in his words, grace in his manner, sympathy in his acts, and love in all his efforts.

That he worked conscientiously as an author, no one acquainted with his editions of Livy, Horace and Ovid has any question. The "earnestness" of his class-room is in

every page of the "Notes and Comments." The same honest purpose is seen in all his essays and periodical publications. No truer estimates have been formed than were his. His intimacy with classical authors was so close that his essays on these topics are as fresh as if they were written in their day. His papers cover a wide range.

In addition to the mention of their titles, there is but space enough to remark that these articles are in themselves the very cream of all that, up to his day of work, had been thought and written. They are, therefore, trustworthy discussions of permanent value. From 1868 to 1889 he prepared the following papers: An Introduction to Goethe's Faust; Gladstone's Jeoventus Mundi; Rome and the Romans of the Time of Horace; The Platonic Myths; The Relation of Plato's Philosophy to Christian Truth; Plato's Republic; Roman Travel and Travelers; The Poem of Lucretius; The Theory of Lucretius; The Life and Teaching of Sophacles; Roman Women in the First Century of the Empire; Tacitus; Galileo and the Inquisition; Dean Stanley on Baptism; Frondes Cæsar; Marcus Aurelius Antonius; The Religion of the Romans; Old Age; James Clerk Maxwell; The Historian, Leopold von Ranke.

The wide range of Professor Lincoln's reading made him a charming companion. His humor was contagious. All his friends mention his amiable disposition. His goodwill was evident, as in all relations he revealed his true purpose in life and his interest in others. Not merely a teacher, his pupils and associates saw his desire to transport the best of Roman thought to his own day, that the world might be warned by its errors and incited to greater deeds through its excellences. Endowed by nature with poetic sense, the poetic of

the classic as well as that of the modern writer, made music for him. In his estimation, all good things helped to make the man a more useful factor among men. This made him a good instructor, a trustworthy college officer and efficient leader, a true author, a real man of letters.

THE PLACE OF POWER.

Of Professor Lincoln it can be said that the place of power was not so much the head as the heart. The world about us reads into these words, "head and heart," the domination of mere intellectuality, or the supreme dictation of affection. The latter is the altruistic motion, and all who are influenced by it are altruists. But essential altruism is not atheistic. Real interest in others must recognize God relations among men. The greater man's appreciation of God and of his revealed Son and truth, the more intensely altruistic he becomes. There is, then, basis and inspiration for all good men. And the object of this sketch falls into line with an increasing multitude of men and women who feel that God's bestowments and human attainments are to be used for the welfare of others.

The heart of Dr. Lincoln made him intensely real. What he decided in his conversion was ever after a fact to him. This faith he never lost. His confidence in the Almighty arm never wavered. Where others hesitated in faith's dictation he walked fearlessly forward. The sacred Scriptures, his constant companion and guide, were his increasing delight. Though learned in the culture of the world and equipped to lead the minds of coming power and influence, in his faith he manifested the spirit of a child, and was always desirous of knowing more of God's word. The reality of his faith made him intolerant

of shams, as it made him disgusted with mere pietism. His religion brought sweetness to toil. To him the students came for sympathy and assistance in their religious perplexity. His sunny nature shed its radiance over all he did. For twenty-one years he served the First Baptist Church, of Providence, as superintendent, for many years as deacon, and was prominently associated with various religious and philanthropic movements of the city.

"His spirit," writes Prof. Pollard, "which was so marked by native shrewdness, wise discrimination and tender sympathy, found nowhere else a more spontaneous and characteristic expression than in the varied phases of his religious life in his family, in the college, in the church, and in all his converse with his fellow-men."

The pupils of this man of heart have shown in three ways their understanding of his power. One was the creation of a Lincoln Fund of $100,000, a part ($3,000) of the interest of which was to be given annually to Dr. Lincoln whether he should "continue to teach or not." Another was the Herkamer portrait presented to the college in 1886. It represents Dr. Lincoln sitting in a chair, and faithfully outlines his genial and intelligent face. The third, and in some respects not the least evidence of "good-fellowship," is the name given to the athletic grounds of Brown, "Lincoln Field," to which place he was accustomed to go in full sympathy with the spirit of his noble boys. They always saluted him with Brown's old triple cheer. No one

was more enthusiastic for their success.

"Even during the last weeks of his illness, when he could not leave his bed," says his son, "he would listen, as the afternoons would wane, and when he heard the cheering, would look up brightly and say, 'Our boys are winning,' or if all was quite,

he would say, 'I'm afraid our boys are not doing as well as usual."

One example of his broad sympathy is taken from a letter written in London in 1857. He was writing in Morley's Hotel and seemed impressed with the mighty current of London life. "Those cabmen over the way in a long line with whips up and on the lookout for a passenger-I wonder if they have happy homes, and a wife and children to welcome them after their rushing drives through the noisy thoroughfares of the city? I wonder if they think of much beyond their sixpences and shillings, and stretch their hopes and faith beyond this world to the promised blessedness and purity of Heaven?"

What made him sympathize with men of to-day made him truly appreciate the past. "To him," says Professor Poland, "the classics were the 'Humanities,' and he taught them in that spirit and used them as a means to develop in his students a noble and refined idea of manhood."

"The true and ultimate end of classical studies," he himself said, "is a moral and religious one-the knowledge gained by a deeper and maturer study of classical antiquity, of the place and function of all ancient philosophy, letters, art, life, in the providential order of the world, in preparing the way for the entrance of Christianity into human life and history."

The refined, sympathetic culture of Professor Lincoln thus grew from his intense desire to honor with his heart's best expression, the Master whom he gladly served. This was the secret of his power with men and over his students. This has made his name a synonym for manhood.

"THE ARROW AND THE SONG."

The bow-string was broken and the lips of the singer refused to frame words early

in the morning, long before daylight, October 17, 1891. To the last his Bible, and not his classics, was the comfort of his soul. Among his last words were, "Let not your heart be troubled." Awhile before, as others were singing, "O Paradise! O Paradise!" he broke out in exclamations of wonder and thanks, "O such rapture! and the goodness of God that such a one as I should be permitted to enjoy it." On the occasion of his death, the Providence Journal happily said:

"He won the affections of his pupils and of those who knew him in the social relationships of life, not by any unexplainable magnetism. What there was in his personality, his life and his work that drew men toward him was patent enough to any eye. There was broad humanity in his temperament and culture that opened out to sympathy with all mankind, and a sunniness of disposition which enveloped him in all his work, and which as easily drew to him for comfort and advice the weak and discouraged as the strong and cheerful for good fellowship." The late George William Curtis, in a number of Harper's Weekly for October, 1891, wrote

of him:

"He was in the true sense a scholar, a

lover of learning and of literature, not subdued by scholarship nor by the conditions of teaching into a pedant or a formalist, but whose vitality transformed his learning into character and life. It is a great power which such a teacher exercises, and no man can have a nobler monument than such a fond recollection. His sympathy and humor overflowed the hour, and many a man owes much of the purest literary delight of his life to Professor Lincoln's kindly persistence and intelligence. By one life how much more than its own individual activity is quickened! And a life like Professor Lincoln's is inwrought in how many lives like a fine gold thread in an endless tapestry."

The object of this sketch is to outline not so much a great man as a good man. Dr. Lincoln did his work well by reason of his goodness. And this quality of heart had its source in the same springs from which flows the streams to gladden all hearts. He loved God and his fellows. What he so grandly accomplished all good men can measurably effect, for all have quivers of arrows and hearts of song by means of which to influence for good the

men about us.

HE word mortgage has somewhat too ominous a sound to apply to that which is wholly beneficent in its effects, yet in the sense of a

controlling hand reaching over into the coming century, the figure applies in a striking and appropriate way to the influence which thoughtful observers anticipate for the marvelous movement of the young people which has characterized the closing years of the Nineteenth Century.

What is that Twentieth Century to be? It has been creeping swiftly upon us until scarcely more years than can be counted on the fingers of one hand interpose between its dawn and the present day. The century division-lines are, to be sure, arbitrary ones. We shall go to our sleep on the last night of the Nineteenth and wake on the first morning of the Twentieth Century with no discernable difference between the days; and yet a century, taking things in a large way, has characteristics-almost a certain personality-of its own. At any rate, the division-lines of the century serve conveniently to mark off in the rough the great periods into which history must be divided; and for that matter, the effect of even an arbitrary division, when held constantly in the common thought as this is, comes to be a very real and far-reaching one. We can tell with approximate certainty something of what the coming century is to be; while in other regards there exists a contingency,

alternative results of the widest difference being pendent upon the conquest or defeat of certain forces now at work. It is not selfishness to limit our consideration largely to our own land, for not only is this of itself a problem tasking all our powers, but if we can render any adequate assistance toward the solution of that problem, we shall be doing probably the utmost that we can in any way accomplish toward the solution of the world problem, since, in the expressive phrase of Mr. Matthew Arnold, it seems altogether likely that "America holds the future."

For one thing, the America of the Twentieth Century is to be a giant nation. That century will be the Nineteenth Century writ large; and not on parallel, but on everwidening lines. The calculations of Mr. Gladstone and of certain German statisticians a few years ago, which placed the probable population of the United States at more than five hundred millions before the last decade of the Twentieth Century, may have allowed too little influence to the deterrent forces which tend to retard the advance of population after a certain period of rapid growth. The census of 1890 has demonstrated the fact that the deterrent forces had begun to work more vigorously during the preceding decade than had been anticipated, the population not reaching the figures estimated by a number of millions; and the disturbances of the present decade have perceptibly checked immigra