the following description of a reindeer-chase which he had in the district of Romsdalen :

"On my way from Veblungsnæs, I met a hunter with a couple of these animals that he had shot the preceding week, and which he was taking to the town to sell. And while speaking on this subject at Fladmark, I encountered another chasseur, on his return to his home near the next station, Ormen, with the intention of taking the field early the next morning. After some parley, I agreed to accompany him; and accordingly drove over to Ormen, which he recommended as the best starting place. His name was Lars Larsen paa Stavem; and, as I subsequently discovered, he was obliging, active, trustworthy, well acquainted with the mountains, and possessed of some tolerable notion of the chase, but, on the whole, rather more of the Bönder than the Jäger, of the honest Norwegian farmer than the true chamois-hunter of the Alps.

Had I not already seen the still grander portion of the valley under Romdals-Horn, I should perhaps have been more impressed by the magnificence of this upper part. There is not a mile of it that does not abound with beauties of the very highest order. I found very indifferent accommodations at Ormen: and, to my disappointment, could obtain nothing better than barley bread, cheese, and brandy (all bad), either for my dinner that evening or for my expedition the next day. One needs to have something more substantial, when following the free denizens of the mountain over their native fjelder. Nevertheless, I rose before daylight the next morning, feeling equal to any fatigue, and keenly anxious for the sport. I was soon joined by Lars; and before five o'clock we started amid the half-suppressed ridicule of the villagers, at the idea of an Englishman expecting to shoot a reindeer. I thought to myself that a man who had shot chamois on the Alps and the Pyrenees, need not fear the mountains I saw before me; but aware that it is safer to boast on one's return than on setting out, I said nothing.

For the first two hours we encountered a very laborious ascent up the steep cliffs that form the lower range. In one spot we saw recent traces of a bear: these animals are very numerous in Romsdalen. A fine cock of the woods also rose close by us; and throughout the day we saw coveys of ryper, as well as several Alpine hares, at which of course we did not fire, for fear of alarming the reindeer. Upon surmounting this stiff ascent, we reached an elevated plateau, from which snow mountains rose on all sides to a farther height of 2000 or 3000 feet. From this point the walking became easy enough to a mountaineer, and was never dangerous. Lars had no telescope, so indispensable to the Gems-jäger; but, unlike them, he was accompanied by a powerful dog, held in a leash; which, if well trained, is not only serviceable in retrieving wounded deer, but also winds them at astonishing distances, and by his movements advertises his master where they are.

We traversed much likely ground, without seeing any thing more than the fresh tracks of three deer in the snow, which, I suspect, had been disturbed by us, without our observing them. At length, about ten o'clock, we came to a sort of mountain glen, with a few isolated rocks projecting above the surrounding fields of ever-during ice; in short, the very spot for a chamois or reindeer. Here, to my very great delight, I first discovered, with a small pocket telescope, a herd of seven rein, four old does, and three wellgrown calves. They were at a considerable distance, but on the move towards us, feeding as they came, and totally unsuspicious of danger.

mark their domesticated reindeer. Now, the nearest
point to which that singular nomadic race ever come
with their herds, even in summer, is upwards of two
hundred miles : and Lars Larsen, who had killed more
than a hundred deer, said he had never seen, or
heard of, a rein with the Lapp's mark upon it in these
mountains before. She had become completely wild
again to all intents; and from her taking the lead in
their flight, was evidently acknowledged to be the
strongest and most courageous of the party. We
placed them under heavy heaps of stones, to protect
them from the various birds and beasts of prey that
frequent this chain, such as the bear and the wolf, the
lynx (gaupe), the wolverine or glutton (jære), until
Lars could return with a horse and friends to take
them home.

The reindoe, it is well known, is equally furnished
with horns as the male; but they were at this season
too velvety, and not full-sized: I, therefore, preferred
for my trophy the three pair of fore-legs, which I was
proud, on my return, to display to my sneering friends
at Ormen, and was evidently looked up to with more
respect, in consequence of my success."

Our author speaks well of the character of the Norwegians, which he calls honest and kindly. While the horses are of stunted size, the men reach a goodly stature, and, even at the most northerly extremity of the country, he found beautiful women. The people retain, in full force, the language, customs, and many of the institutions, which we early received from them, but have since altered. The simplicity of the Norsoke farmer's life reminds us much of that of the words as fremmed for a stranger, fjeld for a range of mountains, lyster for a salmon-spear, we see a degree of kindredness for which we were scarcely prepared. Some of the domestic customs of the more refined classes are described as marked by simplicity united with great ease and comfort. "Breakfast," says the author, "is not so great a meal as with us, or rather it is divided into two, consisting usually of a simple cup of coffee with a biscuit, taken early in the morning; some time after which slices of cold meat, smoked salmon, cheese, &c., are placed on a sideboard, with bread and butter, and, of course, the brandy bottle.

former small farmers of Scotland, and in such of their

The dinner hour is generally one or two o'clock; even at the Stadtholder's state parties we did not dine later than three. This meal always occupies a long time, as each dish is handed round repeatedly to each guest, and frequently pressed upon him in what used formerly to be considered the true spirit of hospitality in our own country. The fare is good and substantial, much more in the German than in the French style; the sweet things are almost always excellently made. In all the best houses there is abundance of claret, of fair quality; often also a pleasant white wine they call Madeira, more probably of Spanish growth; and occasionally port, though of very different flavour from that we are accustomed to drink. It is much lighter, both in body and colour, being invariably tawny; but it is very agreeable to the taste, and very possibly more genuine than the strong port manufactured for the English market.

When strangers are present, there are seldom wanting toasts complimentary to him or his nation, as an excuse for a fair supply of wine during the dinner, after which they never sit, as we do in England. When this lengthened operation is at last over, and all have eaten, and drunk, and talked, and sung, to their full content, there is usually a slight pause of expectation, when the guest of most consequence proposes the health of the host and hostess, with thanks to them for their entertainment, upon which the For a long time they were so placed as to render it chairs are instantly removed with great noise, and impossible to approach them unperceived; but it was the whole party shake hands with each other, and interesting to watch them as they cropped the scanty with the host, saying to him 'Tak for mad,' or 'thanks Alpine herbage that bears their name (rensblomster), for our repast;' to which he replies, Velbekommen,' or crossed in lengthened file the steep sides of inter-may it agree with you! Each gentleman then convening glaciers, every now and then stopping to listen ducts a lady into the adjoining room, where coffee is for sound of fear, or to interrogate the gales if any handed round; and most of the male sex soon drop enemy were at hand. The breeze fortunately blew off, to smoke a pipe, or take a stroll out of doors. briskly from them, and therefore could tell them nought An hour or two later, they return for a cup of tea; of us; but our anxiety during all these processes may and finally, about nine o'clock, a supper of cold meat, well be imagined, as two hours elapsed before they fruit, &c., is laid out in the dining-room. mounted a rock that hid them from our sight. Owing to the early hours of the country, the children Leaving then the dog fastened to a stone, we ran uniformly make a pleasing addition to a Norwegian across a glacier, and climbing up a steep precipice as dinner party. But what most surprises, and for a silently and rapidly as we could, crept to the spot long time even distresses, an Englishman, is the very where they had disappeared. We were now within active share which the ladies take in ministering to one hundred yards of them, feeding in perfect security. his convivial comforts. Not only do they personally Lars had a rifle ; I had only a double-barrelled gun, superintend and assist in the various processes of the loaded with ball. In order, therefore, to ensure at cookery, but when the dishes are served, they invaleast one deer, I had previously told him to fire first: riably carve them, and, in country houses at least, but I kept my eye upon him, and his shot was followed often hand them round, and supply the gentlemen instantly by mine. From the position in which I lay, with clean plates; the host meanwhile sitting quite at I could only command two full-grown calves; but his ease, and attending only to the intellectual enterthey offered so fair a mark that it was impossible to tainment of his company. These offices the Normiss them, and one dropped at my shot: Lars had wegian ladies perform with admirable modesty, selfalso wounded another. The remaining five started possession, and good humour, and are only distressed in wild amaze; and as they bounded across, at about when a stranger rises to prevent their fulfilling what eighty yards' distance, I put my second ball through they have always been taught to consider a duty if the leading doe. not a privilege of their sex.

Three reindeer thus fell to three barrels, within ten

seconds, a feat seldom if ever before achieved in these mountains. I must, however, confess that all three were clumsy shots, taking effect in the hinder parts of

the animals.

To our very great surprise, we found upon examination that one ear of my doe was slit, a sure sign that she had once belonged to the Finns, who thus

unnecessary and unattainable. Governesses, or masters, or schools for ladies, are unknown, except in one or two large towns. In the interior, females are seldom acquainted with any but their mother tongue, of which the native literature is very scanty. Of foreign authors they seem to be most commonly familiar (through the medium of Danish translations) with Scott, par excellence, Marryat, and Bulwer.

I have never been fortunate enough to meet with a good vocal or instrumental performer, and am convinced that such must at the least be rare. In all social companies, however, the national melodies are chanted with a warmth and energy that make up for science; and some, consisting partly of song and partly of a descriptive recitative, in the style of poor Charles Mathews' songs, are often given with much humour."

AN IMPROVING LANDLORD. NOTWITHSTANDING the great amount of mental energy which is daily consumed in cogitation and wranglings on abstractions that seldom come to any practical good, there exists throughout the country a principle of quiet and steady advancement in things really useful. There is a desire to have things done better than they were done formerly, to correct abuses, to save time and labour by shorter and simpler methods, and, generally speaking, a tendency to render every one's condition more comfortable and cheering than it has hitherto been. To accomplish such ends, some classes of men enjoy a large degree of power, while others possess scarcely any. Those, for instance, who are engaged in constant professional occupation, can do little besides setting a good example in the sphere in which they move; but those who labour under no such restrictions, possess an unlimited command of time, and stand in the relation of superior to many who look to them for encouragement, are clearly of the class of whom "much is required." Not to mince the matter, we point to the landed gentleman enjoying the confidence of a numerous tenantry, and tell him that he is one of this highly favoured few. Perhaps he answers, that "really he would be glad to be informed what he should do ;" if so, we beg to call his attention to what follows:

Some time ago, a volume of a remarkable character came accidentally under our notice. It is printed in English and Gaelic, on opposite pages, and purports to be "Hints for the Use of Highland Tenants and Cottagers, by a Proprietor." On inquiry, we learned that the writer is Sir Francis Mackenzie of Gairloch, Baronet, the owner of large estates in the northern county of Ross. The tenantry in this district are, generally speaking, a simple race of mountaineers, occupying very small patches of ground, and following the miserable and antiquated ways of farming and living which form so striking a contrast with what meets the eye in the southern counties. Sir Francis, deeply sensible of the backward state of things in his Highland territory, has for a number of years been indefatigable in his endeavours to awaken a new spirit and introduce improved usages. Amongst other expedients, he has sought to extend and improve education amongst the youth of his tenantry. Aware of the retarding influence of intemperance, and feeling how much his own example would tend to promote sobriety among his tenants and their families, he has voluntarily taken a pledge to abstain from wine, or any kind of intoxicating liquor. Another means which he has adopted to advance the cause of improvement in the district, consists in the distribution of the work above referred to, which, at considerable expense, he has prepared for the purpose.* It is of this work that we now propose to speak.

In order that any substantial improvement may be made among a humble class of persons, it is absolutely

necessary that the directions given to them should be
couched in the simplest language, and be perfectly
precise and to the point. They must be told how to
begin to do a thing, then what they must do next,
and so on, step by step, leaving nothing to be guessed
at or supposed. Sir Francis seems to have been
aware of the necessity of acting on this principle, for
his book consists of a series of sections, laying down
precise directions and advices respecting food, diseases
and medicine, clothing, houses and furniture, boats,
tables, education, morals, &c. To give an idea how he
fishing implements, cattle, horses, pigs, gardens, vege-
sets to work in laying down rules on these subjects,
we may begin with an extract from the first section

possess in a very superior degree: they are certainly
Good temper, good nature, and good sense, they
not deficient in natural ability; and such information
as they have acquired, they know how to use to the
best advantage, with a tact and talent so peculiarly
feminine. It could not be expected that they should
generally possess what we call accomplishments; the
circumstances of their position render them both printed by Robert Carruthers, Inverness. 1833.

*The work does not seem designed for sale: it purports to be

on Food (or Lon, as it is headed on the page in Gaelic opposite).

HIGHLANDERS' FARE.

we have a pair of ducks, whose progeny we doubt not
will occasionally eke out the family's comforts, and
bring in a contribution of white money from market.
People may laugh at these contrasts, but they should
reflect on the power of pictorial delineation, such as
we describe, on a simple order of minds. At a glance,
they have the most convincing evidence of the supe-
riority of new over old times, or, in other words, of
methodic industry over reckless waste and idleness.
Speaking of the details of the building he recom-
mends to the cottager, Sir Francis declares "that a
chimney is indispensable, where there is any regard
to comfort, cleanliness, or economy;" and adds, that
the smoke which too many continue to live amongst,
"dirties and destroys clothes and furniture, and soon
reduces the prettiest rosy faces in the world to pre-
mature wrinkles and deformity." As to general
cleanliness of habits: "I would not recommend to
any young man as a wife, the girl who was neatly
dressed upon Sunday, but whose hair and face bespoke
want of attention to even her own person on all other
occasions for such a woman will likely make the best
husband but a sorry helpmate; and I do most sincerely
pity the man whose wife delays as long as she can the
daily duty of keeping her house in order, and only
makes all neat when visiters are expected, and when
she is prompted to perform her duties merely by a
sense of shame, and an acknowledgment of her own
negligence. Whatever may be the hurry of the day,
never let breakfast be eaten without at least opening
your windows for fresh air, and having the kitchen,
the porch, and the door, nicely swept with a heather
broom, which your husband can make any evening,
and which should always stand in the porch. This
in cases of hurry; but, as a general rule, let your bed-
clothes be shaken, the beds made neatly up, your
dishes washed, and the whole house be aired and
swept as a first duty in the morning. Let there be
no apology for want of time for carrying away ashes,
sweepings, or dirty water, and adding them to your
dunghill, instead of sweeping all into a corner till you
have more time, and emptying the dirty water at your
door, because you are too lazy to go a few yards
farther."

"I should recommend porridge, with milk, treacle, or beer, for breakfast-oatmeal cakes and potatoes for dinner and potatoes or gruel, with onions, garlic, or pepper, for supper; and such, in the present day, cannot be considered luxurious. In naming, however, the staple articles of food, it must be remembered that there are many little additions and changes which it is in your power to make, and which are not only pleasing but salutary. Fish, which has in every age been deemed a luxury, is generally within your reach, and forms a valuable addition; whilst eggs, poultry, butter, honey, cheese, and bacon, may, with care, be had in moderate quantities, by every one who has even a very small bit of land in cultivation. Nor should the produce of a garden be forgotten; for supposing that a quantity of oatmeal and potatoes could not be acquired sufficient of themselves for the maintenance of a whole family, I feel convinced that, by an economical use of what can be obtained, the produce of the garden ought to make up any deficiency. How many an excellent meal, for instance, might be had from cabbages, boiled and chopped small, sprinkled over with salt and pepper, with the addition of a single handful of meal or a slice of bacon. Consider its cost, too-meal a halfpenny, pepper a farthing, salt a farthing, quarter of a pound of bacon, if cured at home, not more than three farthings-cabbages from your own garden, water from your own well, and fuel from your mosses, for the mere cutting. Here, then, is an excellent supper for a whole family, the entire cost of which, in money, cannot exceed three-halfpence at the utmost, and which one of your children working at only threepence per day, for three days in the week, can furnish without calling for the parents' assistance." Sir Francis speaks warmly of the virtues of pure water as a beverage, and offers the following as a proof of its superiority to beer or spirits :-" An English contractor for the building the Conon Bridge, informed me of his surprise at the exertion of the natives whom he employed, and that having contracted for excavating a canal in England, he engaged about twenty Highlanders to accompany him southwards. Several disputes occurred between those thus introduced and the native workmen, and many jeers passed relative to the fare (bread and milk) on which they were contented to exist, saving the greater part of their wages to bring back to their friends and families. To settle these bickerings, a match was made, and considerable sums of money betted, that twelve of the Highlanders could not excavate a certain number of solid yards in the same time as an equal number of the better fed Englishmen. And every thing being fixed, a table was laid out with meat and ale for the one party, whilst the other had no preparation for refreshment beyond what a can of fresh water afforded. But the point in dispute was, after a fatiguing day's labour, decided in favour of the Highlanders; and whilst the Englishmen were totally exhausted by their exertions, the former, full of spirits at their success, danced their national strathspey in token of victory. I give such instances to prove that the strength necessary for exertion does not depend upon a luxurious diet; but at the same time abundance of simple nutritious food is absolutely indispensable for our support, and to secure this much depends upon yourselves. No man in good health can with you want the necessaries for wholesome food, if he will but make a fair exertion to procure them; and when I hear the complaints made every spring by you all of the want of food enough to support your strength in ordinary occupations, and see the carelessness with which you make provision against the recurrence of such evils, I confess that my pity for your situation is sometimes deadened. For any one in your situation, with abundance of waste land at command, at a nominal rent, who industriously employs himself, can, after three or four years' labour, have many comforts now unknown to you."

HOUSES AND FURNITURE.

Directions for planning and building cottages are given at considerable length, along with drawings of the kind of edifices most advisable. One of his views is a picture in two divisions, and possesses no little drollery. One of the divisions, entitled Old Times (Seann Thimean in Gaelic), exhibits a wretched hovel, with large holes in the thatch, smoke issuing from the door and window, a dunghill in front, with a cart which has lost a wheel, a half-naked woman feeding a half-starved pig, and a cow making free with an illconstructed and solitary stack-altogether a scene of desolation, poverty, and misery. The adjoining division, called New Times (Uir Thimean), exhibits quite a different state of affairs. The cottage is neatly built, with a glazed window, and the smoke issues only from its legitimate place of exit, the chimney; the door is in a porch at the end of the house, and in front is a garden, surrounded by a neat paling; close at hand is a stable and cow-house, with a straw-yard in front for feeding cattle, and behind, a pretty wellfilled stack-yard; in the foreground we perceive a cart jogging on its way with both wheels entire, driven by a smart Highlander in a kilt; while near it, on a well-drained field, is one of Small's improved ploughs, ready to cut up the sward in the best possible style; lastly, there is a lively sprinkling of poultry about the premises, giving token of new-laid eggs, and in a pool

CROPPING.

We have not space for Sir Francis's directions on
agriculture, draining, manuring, &c., but will content
ourselves with extracting the following emphatic
advices as to cropping :-" In cropping your lands, the
rotation should be what is usually called a five years'
shift. That is, first year, potatoes or turnips dunged;
second, barley and grass seeds; third, hay; fourth,
pasture; and, fifth, oats. No two white crops should
be taken successively, if it can possibly be avoided;
for you must remember, that by impoverishing the
soil, you injure yourselves (and I have the authority
of a thriving tenant amongst yourselves for saying,
that he has more meal from one ridge of oats after
clover well laid down than his father used to have
from three, on the best parts of his farm). The above
will be found, generally speaking, the rotation most
profitable; but there are circumstances under which
it may be departed from. Two crops of oats may be
safe if the first crop be extremely rich; or barley
after oats, if the land be clean and well pulverised, and
a sprinkling of dung be afforded. But, as a general
rule, oats should follow grass; potatoes or turnips,
oats; and barley with grass seeds, green crops; after
which the land should be two or three years in lea
again before breaking up for oats."

be a doubt that, putting the evil demoralising effects of smuggling out of the question, it is an unprofitable trade. Even if less actual money may be gained by the fair trader, yet what you do receive will be honestly acquired, its receipt will not occasion that pricking of conscience which every honest man must feel, it will not bring with it that misfortune which sooner or later follows ill-acquired wealth. But banish smuggling, and the change will mark a new era in your condition; you will be advanced a step higher in the grade of civilisation; and the work of reformation once commenced, you will, of yourselves, use every exertion to root out such a pestilence for ever from the country you so dearly prize."

Here we conclude our extracts from this unpretending, but, we have no doubt, most useful production. To have been at the trouble and cost of issuing such a work, is highly creditable to Sir Francis, and we sincerely trust he may have his reward in the marked improvement of the class for whom it is designed. To both Irish and Welsh landlords, with a Celtic and backward tenantry, the volume is worthy of serious attention, and they cannot too soon have recourse to it, either for dissemination or as affording hints for their own guidance.

GENERAL HARRISON ON DUELLING. GENERAL HARRISON, the newly appointed President of the United States, in a letter to a friend which has been published in the American newspapers, makes the following observations on duelling, a practice carried to a fearful extent in the southern and western parts of the Union :

"I believe that there were more duels in the north

western army between the year 1791 and 1795, inclusive, than ever took place in the same length of time, and among so small a body of men as composed the commissioned officers of the army, either in America or any other country, at least in modern times. I became an officer in the first-mentioned year, at so early an age that it is not wonderful that I implicitly adopted the opinions of the older officers, most of whom were veterans of the revolution, upon this as well as upon other subjects connected with my conduct and duty in the profession I had chosen. I believed, therefore, in common with the larger portion of the officers, that no brave man would decline a challenge, nor refrain from giving one, whenever he considered that his rights or feelings had been trespassed upon. I must confess, too, that I was not altogether free from the opinion that even honour might be acquired by a well-fought duel. Fortunately, however, before I was engaged in a duel, either as principal or second, which terminated fatally to any one, I became convinced that all my opinions on the subject were founded in error, and none of them more so than that which depicted the situation of the successful duellist as either honourable or desirable. A short experience in the army convinced me also that fighting a duel was not an undoubted test of true courage. I know instances of duels, and desperate duels, being fought by men who would not have been selected, by officers who knew them, to lead a forlorn hope. On the contrary, I possessed the most positive testimony to prove that some of the bravest men would not be engaged in an affair of the kind under any circumstances.

I present you with a reminiscence of my early military life. I introduce it not only to sustain my position, but from the respect I entertain for the memory of a gallant brother officer, long since called to receive in another world his reward for having preferred 'the praise of God to the praise of men.'

The growing of barley to be employed in illicit distillation, is strongly discommended. "If you ask what to do with your barley, I reply, follow the example of your countrymen in the Black Isle, who have so largely benefited by the change, and who are a living example which you can imitate. Lessen your In the summer of the year 1793, Lieutenant Drake, crops of barley, and substitute oats, clover, and tur- of the infantry of the second sub-legion, received a nips, by which means you will be better fed, and more marked insult from another officer. Manifesting no fit for increased exertion. Pay more attention to disposition to call him to an account, some of those green crops, and increase your profit by the increased who wished him well, amongst whom I was one, spoke value of your cattle. Give up the practice of con- to him on the subject, expressing our fears that his suming your own barley by smuggling, and your grain reputation as an officer would greatly suffer if he will soon find a purchaser, whenever the merchant permitted such an insult to pass unnoticed. The finds it worth his while to come among you. I will answer that he gave me was, that he cared not what myself take every grain you grow, send it to market, opinions the officers might form of him, he was deand account for every shilling it may realise. But termined to pursue his own course. That course was even were a market wanting, in sincerity I believe so novel in the army, that it lost him, as I supposed it that were the whole now distilled consumed as meal would, the respect of nearly all the officers. The enin your families, you would still be the gainers; for suing summer, however, gave Mr Drake an opportu not a year now passes without your being obliged to nity of vindicating most triumphantly his conduct import a vast quantity of meal, and to purchase which and principles. He had been stationed in a small foryour whisky is sent to Skye and other markets. Now, tress, which had been erected by General Wayne, I affirm, that if the barley were ground into meal, or and had been rendered remarkable by the defeat if, after potatoes, Hopetoun oats were grown instead of General St Cleair's army three days before. The of barley, you would have enough of grain for your garrison consisted of a single rifle company and thirty own consumption, without importing an ounce of infantry, and of the latter Drake was the immediate oatmeal from other countries. In fact, Gairloch might commander. In the beginning of July 1794, a debecome an exporting country like Inverness, which, tachment of the army, consisting of several hundred twenty years ago, imported 20,000 bolls of oatmeal men, under the command of Major M'Mahon, were annually, but now is more than supplied from its own attacked early in the morning by upwards of three neighbourhood; and I see no reason why cargoes of thousand Indians. The troops made a gallant resistoats may not be sent hence to the markets of Glasgowance, but being turned on both flanks, and in danger and Liverpool, if you will but change the present of being surrounded, they retreated to the open ground system and make an exertion. Think of the time around the fort. wasted in grinding your malt by querns-the labour lost in steeping, distilling, and carrying your whisky the waste of spirits by your hurried and imperfect mode of malting and other operations; add to this the risk of loss you incur by seizure, and there cannot

From this, too, they were soon dislodged by the overpowering force of the enemy. In the retreat, many wounded men were in danger of being left, which being observed from the fort, the commandant, Captain Gibson, directed his own lieutenant to take

the infantry (Drake's particular command) and a portion of the riflemen, and sally out to their relief. To this Drake objected, and claimed the right to command his own men, and, as a senior to the other lieutenant, his right also to the whole command. 'Oh, very well, sir, said the captain; if such is your wish, take it. It is my wish, sir, to do my duty, and I will endeavour to do it, now and at all times, was the modest reply of Drake. He accordingly sallied out; skilfully interposed his detachment between the retreating troops and the enemy, opened upon them a hot fire, arrested their advance, and gave an opportunity to the wounded to effect their escape, and to the broken and retreating companies of our troops to re-form, and again to face the enemy. Throughout the whole affair, Drake's activity, skill, and extraordinary self-possession, were most conspicuous. The enemy, of course, observed it as well as his friends. The numerous shots directed at him, however, like the arrows of Teucer aimed at the heart of Hector, were turned aside by providential interference, until he had accomplished all that he had been sent to perform. He then received a ball through his body, and fell. A faithful corporal came to his assistance, and with his aid he reached the fort; and those two were the last of the retreating party that entered it: Drake made it a point of honour that it should be so. Mr Drake was rendered unfit for duty for a long time by his wound; he had not, indeed, recovered from it in the summer of 1796, when he was my guest, when in command at Fort Washington (Cincinnati), on his way, on furlough, to visit his native state, Connecticut." His friends, however, enjoyed his presence but a short time; having, as I understood, taken the yellow fever in passing through Philadelphia, he died in a few days after he reached his

An officer of the army had so often and so unnecessarily wounded the feelings of another of the same corps, the duties of which made their association indispensable, that he considered himself bound to demand satisfaction in the usual way. They met, and the injured man fell, receiving a mortal wound, as it was anticipated he would, from the superior skill of his antagonist in the use of the weapon which they used. Being possessed of a high grade of talents and an amiable character, he had the sympathy of all the officers. With others, I visited him after he had been removed to his quarters. He expressed a desire to see the officer with whom he had fought, and I was present at the interview. I wish I could describe as it merits this interesting scene. The circumstances attending it were so deeply impressed upon my mind, that they can never be effaced as long as memory holds its seat.

result; but I state with pleasure, that there was not
a single duel, nor, as far as I know, a challenge given,
while I retained the command."

We beg here to repeat what we have again and
again stated, that the practice of duelling exists only
because the law countenances it. Let the man who
either wounds or kills another in a duel, be convicted
of felony and punished accordingly, and we shall hear
no more of this barbarous mode of settling quarrels.

ROUGH RAB.

went to a spot where the young ones basked themselves in the sun, and, contriving to noose one, directed its head towards the wigwam. The officers, hearing a rustling amongst the dry leaves, looked out and saw the animal indistinctly through the branches. Instantly they were seized with a panic, and rushed pellmell to the door, overturning table, glasses, and great part of the wigwam itself, in their way. Some got into the forest, while others, overthrown in the hurry, lay sprawling and bawling with fear. Rab was too much delighted with the success of the trick to conceal himself, and, though they were angry at first, they soon consented to join in the laugh which he had raised at their expense.

Menzies told curious anecdotes illustrative of the simplicity of his brave countrymen. On a night when "the Brig o' Perth" was the watchword, it was his duty to go round the outposts. On his coming up to a place where a single sentinel was posted, one of his own regiment, the man called out, "Who comes?" to which Robin answered, " A friend." "Be she friend or no friend," returned the honest Celt, "gin she dinna bring ta Brig o' Perth wi' her, she'll shoot." The consequence was that the sign had to be changed round the whole sentinels.

ABOUT thirty years ago, there died at Perth a notable
personage, who usually passed by this name, or, when
people wished to address him respectfully, by that of
Sergeant Menzies, such having been the rank which
he had borne in the army, in which all the vigorous
part of his life had been spent. Rab was a native of
Athole, and continued to be a true Highlander to the
day of his death-that is to say, he had all the usual
peculiar feelings and habits of the clansman, but, in
addition, his character was marked by an odd rough
ready wit, an acuteness of intellect, and a frankness
of demeanour, which might be considered as more
peculiarly his own. He was a stout robust man, a
little above the middle size, and considerably disfigured After the French had joined the Americans, it so
with the small-pox. His appearance was uncouth, chanced that the brother of the colonel, who was a
and, at first, stern and forbidding; but when he was lieutenant in a French regiment, was quartered at a
addressed by any one, his free blunt manner dispelled short distance from the Fraser Highlanders. The two
the disagreeable impression in a moment. In his latter brothers, whose feelings at being exposed to the chance
days, he was full of stories of his adventures, most of of fighting against each other may be imagined, ma-
which were of a whimsical and amusing nature, and naged to have a meeting by a flag of truce, and Robert
generally confirmatory of General Stewart's descrip- Menzies was the confidential person whom Colonel
tion of the friendly and easy intercourse which existed Macdonald took with him on the occasion. The meet-
between the officers and men of the Highland regi-ing, which took place in a lonely wood by night, was
ments during the latter half of the last century. a most affectionate one; but the colonel was offended
The regiment for which Rab enlisted was in Ire- at his brother for only bringing a drum boy to accom-
land at the time when he joined it. Like Highlanders pany him. During the interview, Robin and the
in general, on becoming soldiers, he had no idea of drum-boy marched backwards and forwards athwart
observing any particular rules of discipline, thinking each other without speaking a word, our Highland
it enough if he was determined to go unflinchingly sergeant conceiving the little Frenchman to be too
into battle when called upon, and kill two Frenchmen, much his inferior in rank to admit of any conversa-
if possible, at every blow. Accordingly, hearing that tion.
there was a loch well stored with wild-duck in the
neighbourhood, he thought there could be no harm
in going to have a day's sport, such as he had been
accustomed to amidst his native hills. He had no
sooner received his gun, than, shouldering it, off he
set for the loch, and soon succeeded in bringing down
a considerable number of birds. Returning, he passed,
unconscious of ill, along the front of the regiment on
parade, with his game hanging in a long string down
his back, and his white trousers wet with mud up to
the middle of his thigh. The captain ordered him
into custody immediately, as being off duty without
leave, and as having made an improper use of his arms;
but fortunately the colonel, who at this moment came
up, proved a less rigid disciplinarian. Struck by the
simplicity of the young mountaineer, by his great
success as a sportsman, and also by the natural shrewd-
ness which seemed to lurk under his ignorance, he
thought the offence might be passed over. Remark-
ing that he was surely a capital shot, he desired Rab
to call at his quarters, and he would give him a fowl-
ing-piece, that would answer him better than the
musket. Menzies did not neglect the invitation, and
the result was, that he for some time was chiefly em-
ployed in supplying the colonel and the other officers
with wild-fowl from the lake.

He went with the regiment to America, and served throughout the warfare which took place against the French in Canada, and beyond the Appalachian mountains. The only circumstance recorded of this period of his life, is one which strongly marks the hardy Highlander. Wounded in the thigh, he was so eagerly engaged in battle as not to be aware of what had taken place, till, looking down, he observed his clothes stained with blood. He retired to the rear, bound up the wound, and immediately returned into the heat of the battle, in order, as he said, to give as good as he got. At the peace of 1763, he was discharged with his regiment.

Shortly after the regiment had landed in America, the whole tailors were collected at the general store to make clothing for the fresh troops that were sent over without either drill or regimentals. One day an alarm got up that a column of the enemy had made its appearance in a quarter whence no danger had been anticipated. It happened that the different divisions of the army were so posted that they could not be concentrated on that point, and there was no remedy but to bring the tailors off the shop-board. Accordingly, 900 of these knights were equipped in a few minutes. The only field-officer who could take the command was the gallant Sir William Erskine, well known at that time as one of the bravest officers. The general, however, hesitated to take the command of such a battalion. Robin, with his usual forwardness, assured him that he had nothing to fear, for the 900 tailors would prove equal to 900 men. The result showed he was correct; the intrepid tailors completely routed the enemy, and captured a greater number of prisoners than the amount of their own body.

At one time the colonel was without any money to pay the men. They had full rations of bread, beef, and rum, but still they had no money to tipple with. Being detached from the rest of the army, a general complaint was presented to Colonel Macdonald for their pay. He told them he had no money, but was willing to do every thing in his power to make them comfortable. Nothing would satisfy them. No pay, no service. Accordingly, their arms were piled up, and belts hung upon them. During these proceedings, Robin had been out on a foraging excursion. On his return he found the colonel walking solus in front of the pile of arms. "What's all this?" exclaimed Robin, in his usual manner. "Never mind," says the colonel, "it's only a maggot of the men; they'll soon come to again." "Devil mak matter," says Rab, "this must not be;" and away he set to an old Stirling weaver, a character something like himself, who had fought his way up to the rank of brigade-major. The two contrived to lead a party from the next station into the wood near to where the unarmed and discontented men of the 71st were, and commenced a rapid bush firing. Apprehending it to be an onset of the enemy, every man rushed to his arms, and no more grumbling was heard about the pay.

In the tent were some half dozen officers, the friends of the dying man (for he had from his amiable qualities many and warm ones), exhibiting unequivocal evidences of their sorrow. Conspicuous above the rest, and near the head of the rude couch, was the manly form of the commandant of the corps to which both the duellists belonged (the beau ideal of chivalrous valour, and the Chevalier de Bayard of the army), endeavouring to stifle, as best he could, the feelings which agitated his bosom. At a little distance, and in full view of the victim of his passions, sat insensible; but I must restrain the indignation which I still feel. He was my brother officer we shared together the perils of a difficult war-and in battle I know that he did his duty—and, whatever might have been his conduct to others, I never had personally any reason to complain of him. But there he sat, apparently, at least, unaffected by the mischief he had done, by burying in an untimely grave a man who had never injured him, whose arm might be needed in the pending decisive battle with the hitherto triumphant enemies of his country, and whose intellect might at some future time have been usefully employed in its councils. The severe bodily pain which the dying officer had for some time suffered, had On the commencement of the war against the Ameceased, and that calm and ease succeeded, which is rican colonies in 1775, Rab Menzies once more took the unequivocal harbinger of approaching death, and The regiment in which he enlisted was the which a gracious Providence has provided for the Fraser Highlanders (since discharged), a corps then mortally wounded soldier, to enable him to offer a composed mainly of simple children of the mountains, last prayer for his distant family, if he has one, or for understanding not one word of English, and having the pardon of his own sins. Turning his intelligent no distinct idea of the object of their muster in arms, eye upon his late antagonist, he mildly said, "He had except that "they were going to fight for King Fraser desired to see him for the purpose of assuring him of and George ta Three." The corps was commanded his sincere forgiveness-that he wished him happiness by Macdonald of Kinlochmoidart, son of a chieftain in this world—and that, as the means of securing it, executed for his concern in the insurrection of 1745, he recommended to him, with the sincerity of a dying and who, in the strange current which events then man, to endeavour to restrain the violence of his pas took in some instances, had a brother in the French sions, the indulgence of which had deprived one of service. Menzies soon gained Colonel Macdonald's life who had never injured him in thought or deed.' When I had the honour to be called upon to comfavour, and was appointed quartermaster-sergeant, then a pretty lucrative situation in a young corps. mand the north-western army, recollecting the number So highly were his honesty and cleverness appreciated, The division of the army to which our hero was of gallant men that had fallen in the former war in that, for some time, during the illness of his superior, attached, was at one time under the necessity of repersonal combat, I determined to use all the authority he acted as quartermaster. He was also very useful treating and abandoning their baggage, which was left of my station to prevent the recurrence of these as a collector and distributor of provisions. The offi- in his charge, with orders to destroy it to prevent it rencontres. To take away the principal source from cers used to delight in a clash of wits with the shrewd falling into the hands of the enemy. With the aswhich they sprung, in an address to the Pennsylvania sergeant, though they were generally worsted in the sistance of his own company of pioneers, and four light brigade, at Sandusky, I declared it to be my deter- encounter. On one occasion, being provoked at some horsemen for carrying dispatches, he formed the resomination to prevent, by all the means that the mili- rough fun on their part, he resolved to play off a prac-lution of bringing up the baggage. The British line tary laws placed in my hands, any injury, or even insult, which should be offered by the superior to tical joke by way of revenge. They had assembled in had passed a river, and by the time Robin had cominferior officers. I cannot say what influence this all was hilarity and enjoyment. Rab, who had ob- purpose of ferrying it across, the enemy had arrived a wigwam in a wood, where, a good table being spread, menced putting the baggage on board of boats, for the course, upon my part, may have produced in the served a number of alligators in a neighbouring river, on a neighbouring eminence. To keep them in check,

up arms.

Menzies used frequently to relate that he had dined four of the first generals in the British army on a piece of salt pork and biscuit; the ground for a table, and his pocket-handkerchief for a cloth. He served them by cutting with his jockteleg a piece to each, and handing it round; and gave them his canteen to apply to their mouths for a drop of rum. Having finished their repast, they declared they had never enjoyed a better dinner.

he posted one of his dragoons at each end of a thick wood, that lay along the opposite side of the river, and the other two he kept riding express from one point to another, in such a bustling manner as led the enemy to imagine there was a strong force posted in the wood to receive them, should they attempt to descend to the river side. By this manoeuvre, he succeeded in keeping them at bay until he got the whole over in safety; then, burning the boats, he remained with his light horse until the waggons were considerably advanced. On joining the army, the general officers, astonished to find the baggage all safe, asked him if he knew that he had forfeited his life by his disobedience of orders; to which he replied, in his usual independent style, "Deil mak matter-your baggage is safe. I can only die once; and it'll be a' the same a hundred years hence."

at first thought that the water was holy, but the remark-
able taste betrayed the secret, and some time afterwards
the Jesuits brought the bark to Italy, where it attained
a high repute. This is one of the accidental revelations
At Guayra, in the
of the value of Cinchona bark.
Caraccas, again, the bark was used as a tonic, but its
oddly as in the first instance. M. Delpech, a French
anti-febrile powers were not known until discovered as
merchant, had stored up a large quantity of the fresh
bark in rooms that were afterwards hastily fitted up for
the reception of strangers. One of these strangers was
dangerously ill with malignant fever, but an improve-
ment, to the surprise of all, took place immediately on
his inhaling the cortical vapour, which was very strong
from the fermentation of the fresh and moist cinchona.
He soon recovered, and other persons, seized with the
same disease, were placed in the same apartments with
similar results. By and by, it was discovered that, to
swallow a few grains of it, was a much less expensive
way of going to work than to inhale the vapour of some
thousands of pounds, and so cinchona came, at a second
place, into use as a medicinal remedy.

LIFE, DEATH, AND ETERNITY.

[The following is, with the omission of some verses, a translation of a poem by Don Jorge Manrique, a Castilian nobleman of the fourteenth century. The translation appears in an article on the Romantic and Lyric Poetry of Spain, in the January number of the Dublin University Magazine-by the way, one of the very best numbers of that spirited periodical which we have chanced to see. It is justly remarked by the translator, that the morality of this piece is of "too trite a nature to work an effect upon all minds;" yet it is impossible to help being impressed and awed by the best writings of the English poets of the seventeenth century.]

Arise, my soul! awake! arise!

Shake off thine idle earthly dreams,
And think how soon

The merits of the honest sergeant were generally appreciated by the officers, and he was in a fair way of obtaining a commission, when the regiment was involved with others in the unfortunate affair at Yorktown, where the Marquis Cornwallis was obliged to surrender his whole army to the victorious Washington. In imprisonment, our hero is said to have maintained, by the force of his character, the same respectable position among the men as he had done in service. At the conclusion of the war, he returned to Scotland, and was discharged. He continued for many years to live at Perth, where a small tavern kept by his wife helped to make his shilling a-day adequate to his decent support. In the early part of the French war, he was employed on various occasions in recruit-its majestic march of verse, which reminds us much of some of ing, a business for which he had a peculiar aptitude. The Gentlemen Volunteers of Perth made him their quartermaster-sergeant, and gave him charge of their stores. Many of the officers who had served with him in America visited him during his residence in Perth, apparently happy to renew their acquaintance. One day a gentleman called upon him, and talked familiarly; but Robin could not recollect him. The stranger at length asked if he remembered being at the taking of the Havannah. "I may remember that to the day of my death," said Robin," for we lost our captain there, one of the best officers in the British army. I was close by his side when he received the fatal shot. There was a drum-boy near me, who burst into tears when he saw the captain fall; and just as he was raising his hand to wipe the tears from his eyes, another shot carried off the laddie's thumb?" The gentleman asked if he would know the drum-boy again; at the same time pulling off his glove, presented his mutilated hand. It was the identical drum-boy, who had since been raised to the rank of major.

General Leslie, inspected a young corps in Perth during the war; and when the review was over, Robin stept up to the general and inquired how his excellency did. The general was somewhat at a loss to know who addressed him, although he recollected the face and voice. "Indeed, your excellency has seen and heard of me often," replied Robin, " for many a drop of rum I have given you from my canteen, in America." The general immediately recognised his old friend, and invited him to a bottle of wine in the evening; and, after fighting their battles over again, left him something substantial as a token of his esteem.

In his latter days, Rough Rab was not so well off as he deserved. Having had the misfortune to lose his wife and children, all within a very short time, he was obliged to give up his public-house, and depend on his pension alone. Still his peculiar humour adhered to him. Some of his Athole relations, thinking he would be dull by himself in his old age, deemed it advisable to send him a new helpmate. They accordingly dispatched a middle-aged woman, with instructions to wait upon him, and inform him of the object of her mission. When sitting by the fire one night with some of his cronies, relating his most perilous adventures, she made her appearance. Robin, turning round, bluntly asked what she wanted; and she as bluntly told him that she was come to be his wife! "Oh, you are! On my conscience you are a droll one!" "Your friends in Athole sent me." "Oh, ho! that alters the case; step in by and sit down, and we'll talk over the business." She accordingly sat down; the matter was settled in a few minutes; and she became his married wife with all convenient speed.

This is the last anecdote we have to relate of the honest sergeant, who died some time after, full of years and frailties, amongst which was to be reckoned the deprivation of sight.*

JESUITS' BARK.

Jesuits' Bark is a medicine of great value as a tonic and febrifuge. It would appear as if nature was aware of the fact, and had generously determined that mankind should have the benefit of it; for she is said to have twice revealed its properties in a curious and accidental way. A Peruvian Indian, in a delirious fever, having been left by his companions by the side of a pool as incurable, he naturally drank copious draughts of the water, which, having imbibed the properties of the bark floating in large quantities upon it, speedily dispelled his fever. He returned and told his friends, who, being acute enough to detect something uncommon in the affair of the drinking, immediately sent all their sick to the place, and the most of them were relieved. It was

*The materials of the above paper have been derived from an amusing work, entitled "Traditions of Perth," by George Penny, published by the booksellers of that city in 1836.

The longest human lifetime flies-
How soon the Hand which gave, redeems
Its mystic boon!---

How swiftly Pleasure's gorgeous cheats,
And Power's colossal pomps and lures,
Are lost in gloom,

Till even their faintest memory fleets,
And man first finds that nought endures
But GOD and Doom!

Time summons, and our nights and days,
With all their hollow hopes and joys,
Their tears and mirth,

Go home by dark and trackless ways,
And join the years that roll'd ere Troy's
Renown had birth.

Forth flow the moments, dusk or bright,
And, as their unresounding stream
Departs away,

With each successive wavelet's flight
Some fragment of life's glittering dream
Grows dim for aye!

Like silent rivers hurrying on

Through storm and calm, through ebb and flow,
To ocean's breast,
Illusions leave us one by one,

Long ere the heart itself lies low
In dreamless rest.
Youth, Pleasure, Glory, Genius, Love,
Burn bright awhile, then wane and die,
Like those long trains

Of meteor lights that flash above-
And starless blackness, as on high,
Alone remains!

This world is but a thoroughfare,
A road by which we all must go
To reach our home;

Some dance along, some droop in care,
But all wend on, both high and low,
Both sage and mome.

Our pilgrimage begins in tears,

And sorrows throng our thorny way
Even from our birth,
Till, having reached the Vale of Years,
We bow to Death, who blends our clay
With that of earth.

Oh, Beauty! thou that laughest now
With radiant eyes and rosy lips,
Made glad by Health,
What rueful change will wrong that brow,
When Age comes down like Night, and strips
Thee of thy wealth!

Oh, garnish'd as thou art to-day,

And revelling in the consciousness
Of youthful charms,
How wilt thou shrink when wan Decay,
That grisly bridegroom, comes to press
Thee in his arms!

The bright cerulean Gothic blood,
The royal names, the lords of old,
Are gone and past:

So all that breathe of base and good,
Of strong and frail, of mean and bold,
Sink too at last.

Some fall by craft, more yield to strength,
Disease, want, war, and broken hearts
Sweep off the mass,
But all meet in that house at length,
To which, despite of arms and arts,
Even kings must pass.

A few, indeed, by force or fraud,
Grow strong in power beyond their peers;
But, mark them well,
Even while their parasites applaud,

And see with what dark doubts and fears
"Tis theirs to dwell!

Inveterate feuds and jealousies
Empoison their best hours of life;
And fortunate
Are they, if having lived through these,
They meet not from the assassin's knife
Their final fate!

But, grant they taste of perfect bliss-
All mundane triumphs have their term,
And cannot stay;
The loftier height, the lower abyss,

And Pleasure's core conceals the germ
Of sure decay.

Oh, what can Luxury do to save

Her votary, when, coerced by Fate,
He nears his goal?

What power hath Pomp beyond the grave,
Where vain Remorse and Horror wait
The slothful soul?

The social joys, the hallow'd loves,
That gird life's twilight pathway round,
Are cloister-walls:
Wo then to him who madly roves

Beyond!-he treads forbidden ground,
Where Virtue falls!
And, oh! if even the just would flee
That last dread hour for human dust,
Too oft forgot,
What must the sinner's deathbed be?
Yet, saints or sinners, die we must,
Absolved or not.

The tales are old of human change-
Books tell of sumptuous emperors reft
Of lands and throne,
Kings driven to toil in field or grange,
And gallant lords disgraced, and left
To die alone;
And this we weep or wonder o'er:

Yet mightier changes far than aught
Which history shows,

Are hourly wrought by Death before
Our eyes, and no man spends a thought,
A word on those!

In Thebes, in Troy, in Babylon,

What heroes flourish'd once, of whom
No trace remains!
Where now is Rome the Thund'ress?-Gone!
Where is her history? Veil'd in gloom,
Like ancient Spain's!

But wherefore speak of elder times

Why marvel that their name and fame
No more exist-
When even the glories, wars, and crimes
Of recent years are gone the same,
And hid in mist!

Oh, Man, thou self-deluder! canst
Thou dupe thy soul in Youth with hope
Of golden years?

Alas! ere more than half advanced

On life's rough road, thou hast to grope
Thy way in tears!

A faint light glimmers now and then
Through Manhood's hour, perchance, to cheer
Thy pilgrimage;

But darkness clouds the scene agen,

And tenfold night anon draws near
In palsied Age!

For me, no formal tome I cite,
No grave, elaborate moralist,
No poet-lays;

For he who turns to such for light
Meets but at best a dazzling mist,
That mocks his gaze.

I raise my thoughts in prayer to God,

I look for help to Him alone
Who shared our lot-

The Mighty One of heaven, who trod
Life's path as man, though earth, His own,
Received Him not!

I turn to Him, and ask for nought
Save knowledge of His heavenly will,
Whate'er it be:

I seek no doubtful blessings, fraught
With present good, but final ill
And agony.

Come death or life, come weal or wo,
Whate'er my God elects to send

I here embrace;

Blest while, though tortured on the wheel,
I forfeit not, or worse, mispend
His holy grace.

Yes, awful and eternal power,

I bend before Thy judgment-seat
In spirit now!

O'er-leaping life, I front the hour

When this pale world shall melt and fleet
Before Thy brow!

Then sift me here, oh, Love Divine!
By penances and charity,
By faith and prayer;

So shall my soul in death be Thine,
And, soaring up to heaven and Thee,
Dwell ever there.

ETYMOLOGY OF THE NAMES OF COUNTRIES.

The following countries were named by the Phoenicians, the greatest commercial people in the ancient world. These names, in the Phoenician language, signify something characteristic of the places which they designate. Europe signifies a country of white complexion, so named because the inhabitants there were of a lighter complexion than those of either Asia or Africa. Asia signifies between, or in the middle, from the fact that the geographers placed it between Europe and Africa. Africa signifies the land of corn, or ears. It was celebrated for its abundance of corn and all sorts of grain. Siberia signifies thirsty or dry-very characteristic of the country. Spain, a country of rabbits or conies. This country was once so infested with these animals, that they sued Augustus for an army to destroy them. Italy, a country of pitch, from its yielding great quantities of black pitch. Calabria also, for the same reason. Gaul, modern France, signifies yellow-haired, as yellow hair characterised its first inhabitants. The English of Caledonia is a high hill. This was a rugged, mountainous province in Scotland. Hibernia is utmost, or last habitation: for beyond this, westward, the Phoenicians never extended their voyages. Britain, the country of tin-as there were great quantities of lead and tin found on the adjacent islands. The Greeks called it Albion, which signifies, in the Phoenician tongue, either white or high mountains, from the whiteness of its shores, or the high rocks on the western coast. Corsica signifies a woody place. Sardinia signifies the footstep of man, which it resembles.-Newspaper paragraph.

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