soul; he leadeth me in the paths of righteousness, for his name's sake. 4. Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil: for thou art with me; thy rod and thy staff they comfort me. 5. Thou preparest a table before me in the presence of mine enemies: thou anointest my head with oil; my cup runneth over. 6. Surely goodness and mercy shall follow me, all the days of my life; and I will dwell in the house of the Lord forever."

V. 2.

66

66

Vanishing Stress.”
Complaint.

Job's Reply to his Friends. — Job XIX.

How long will ye vex my soul, and break me in pieces with words? 3. These ten times have ye reproached me: ye are not ashamed that ye make yourselves strange to me.

6. “Know, now, that God hath overthrown me, and hath compassed me with his net. 7. Behold, I cry out of wrong, but I am not heard: I cry aloud, but there is no judgment. 8. He hath fenced up my way that I cannot pass, and he hath set darkness in my paths. 9. He hath stripped me of my glory, and taken the crown from my head. 10. He hath destroyed me, on every side, and I am gone; and my hope hath he removed like a tree.”

Denunciation.

Extract from Isaiah XXXIV.

V. 5. "My sword shall be bathed in heaven: behold, it shall come down upon Idumea, and upon the people of my curse to judgment.” “9. And the streams thereof shall be turned into pitch, and the dust thereof into brimstone, and the land thereof shall become burning pitch. 10. It shall not be quenched night nor day; the smoke thereof shall go up forever: from generation to generation it shall be waste; none shall pass through it forever and ever."

"Compound Stress.

Interrogation.

Extract from Job XLI.

V. 1. "Canst thou draw out leviathan with a hook? or his tongue with a cord which thou lettest down? 2. Canst thou put a hook into his nose? or bore his jaw through with a thorn? 3. Will he make many supplications unto thee? will he speak soft words unto thee? Will he make a covenant with thee? wilt thou take him for a servant forever? 5. Wilt thou play with him as with a bird? or wilt thou bind him for thy maidens?"

Extracts from I. Corinthians XII. Chapter.

4.

V. 15. If the foot shall say, Because I am not the hand, I am not of the body; is it therefore not of the body? 16. And if the ear shall say, Because I am not the eye, I am not of the body; is it therefore not of the body?"

29. "Are all apostles? are all prophets? are all teachers? are all workers of miracles? 30. Have all the gifts of healing? do all speak with tongues? do all interpret?"

Thorough Stress."

Vehement Denunciation.

Extract from Isaiah XXVIII.

V. 1. " Wo to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious beauty is a fading flower, which are on the head of the fat valleys of them that are overcome with wine! 2. Behold, the Lord hath a mighty and strong one, which, as a tempest of hail and a destroying storm, as a flood of mighty waters overflowing, shall cast down to the earth with the hand. 3. The crown of pride, the drunkards of Ephraim, shall be troden under feet."

Joyous Command.

Extract from Isaiah LII.

V. 1. "Awake, awake, put on thy strength. O Zion; put on thy beautiful garments, O Jerusalem, the holy city for henceforth there shall no more come into thee the uncircumcised and the unclean. 2. Shake thyself from the dust; arise, and sit down, O Jerusalem: loose thyself from the bands of thy neck, O captive daughter

of Zion."

Indignant Rebuke.

Extract from Isaiah I.

13.

V. 10. "Hear the word of the Lord, ye rulers of Sodom: give ear unto the law of our God, ye people of Gomorrah. 11. To what purpose is the multitude of your sacrifices unto me? saith the Lord: I am full of the burnt-offerings of rams, and the fat of fed beasts; and I delight not in the blood of bullocks, or of lambs, or of he goats. 12. When ye come to appear before me, who hath required this at your hand, to tread my courts? Bring no more vain oblations: incense is an abomination unto me: the new-moons and sabbaths, the calling of assemblies, I cannot away with; it is iniquity, even the solemn meeting. 14. Your new-moons and your appointed feasts my soul hateth: they are a trouble unto me; I am weary to bear them. 15. And when ye spread forth your hands, I will hide mine eyes from you; yea, when ye make many prayers, I will not hear: your hands are full of blood."

Courage and Energy.

Stanzas of a hortatory Hymn.

"Awake, my soul! - stretch every nerve,

And press with vigor on :

A heavenly race demands thy zeal,

A bright, immortal crown.

"'Tis God's all-animating voice
That calls thee from on high;
'Tis his own hand presents the prize
To thine aspiring eye."

EXERCISES IN PITCH.

Middle Pitch.*

Emotion progressive from Seriousness to Cheerfulness and Ani

mation.

Hope. - Addison.

"No life is so happy as that which is full of hope, especially when the hope is well-grounded, and when the object of it is of an exalted kind, and in its nature proper to make the person happy, who enjoys it. This proposi tion must be self-evident to those who consider how few are the present enjoyments of the most happy man, and how insufficient to give him an entire satisfaction and acquiescence in them.

"My next observation is this; that a religious life is

The average level of the voice in public reading or speaking, — in the form of lectures, practical and doctrinal discourses, and unempas. sioned address. — a pitch somewhat lower than the middle notes of conversation; as the former implies graver tone.

The new pitch with which every new paragraph properly com mences, is a point of the greatest moment in elocution, as deciding the natural and appropriate style of reading, and distinguishing it from that which is mechanical and unimpressive. True reading causes the paragraphs of a piece, and the heads of a discourse, to indicate the change which is taking place in the current and direction of the thought. Every new topic, subordinate, as well as principal, requires a new shade of voice, in pitch, as higher or lower than the average tone of the preced. ing paragraph The same remark applies to single sentences. The common fault, derived from school habits, is to rise to a new and higher pitch, at the beginning of every sentence or paragraph, and gradually fall in the successive clauses or sentences. Correct reading varies the pitch according to the connection existing between sentences, and com. mences on the low note of the cadence of the preceding sentence or par

that which most abounds in a well-grounded hope, and such a one as is fixed on objects that are capable of making us entirely happy. This hope, in a religious man, is much more sure and certain than the hope of any temporal blessing; as it is strengthened not only by reason but by faith. It has, at the same time, its eye perpetually fixed on that state which implies, in the very notion of it, the most full and the most complete happiness.

*Religious hope does not only bear up the mind, under sufferings, but makes her rejoice in them, as they may be the instruments of procuring her the great and ultimate end of all her hope. Religious hope has likewise this advantage above any other kind of hope, that it is able to revive the dying man, and to fill his mind not only with comfort, but with rapture and transport. He triumphs in his agonies, while the soul springs forward with delight to the great object which she has always had in view, and leaves the body with an expectation of being re-united to it in a glorious and joyful resurrection."

agraph, when the sense is continuous or unalogous, but rises to a new and a higher strain, only when there is a new, a distinct, or an opposite thought in the new sentence or paragraph. On the other hand, a new, sentence or paragraph, opening with a graver mood of sentiment, begins, properly, with a lower pitch than, perhaps, even the cadence of the preceding context.

The opening of a new paragraph should, generally, be lower in pitch than the strain of utterance in the preceding part of a discourse. But when, as in the example to which the present note refers, the speaker. intimates, in the beginning of a paragraph, the plan or order of his discourse, the voice is higher in pitch, as well as slacker in force; so as to keep the main subject of address distinct from the parenthetical allusions to the speaker's train of thought for the time. The practical rule of elocution, for the commencing pitch of paragraphs is, usually, Begin anew; i. e., Slacken the force, lower the pitch, and retard the rate of the voice. This rule is founded on the obvious principle that it is not till progress has been made in a sentence or paragraph, that the new impulse of thought is felt in the force, pitch, and movement of the voice. * An example of the usual lower pitch of a new paragraph.