though, in the navigation of life, you have sometimes to encounter the war of elements? What though the winds rage, though the waters roar, and danger threatens around? Behold, at a distance, the mountains appear. Your friends are impatient for your arrival; already the feast is prepared; and the rage of the storm shall serve only to waft you sooner to the. haven of rest. No tempests assail those blissful regions which approach to view, -all is peaceful and serene;-there you shall enjoy eternal comfort; and the recollection of the hardships which you now encounter, shall heighten the felicity of better days."

Joy.

The Happiness of those who have extended Human Knowledge.— Brougham.

"The more widely knowledge is spread, the more will they be prized whose happy lot it is to extend its bounds by discovering new truths, or multiply its uses by inventing new modes of applying it in practice. Their numbers will, indeed, be increased. But the order of discoverers and inventors will still be a select few; and the only ma terial variation in their proportion to the bulk of mankind, will be, that the mass of the ignorant multitude being progressively diminished, the body of those will be incalculably increased, who are worthy to admire genius, and able to bestow upon its possessors an immortal fame.

"And if the benefactors of mankind, when they rest from their pious labors, shall be permitted to enjoy hereafter, as an appropriate reward of their virtue, the privi lege of looking down upon the blessings with which their toils and sufferings have clothed the scene of their former existence; do not vainly imagine that, in a state of exalted purity and wisdom, the founders of mighty dynasties, the conquerors of new empires, or the more vulgar crowd of evil-doers, who have sacrificed to their own aggrandizement the good of their fellow-creatures, will be

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gratified by contemplating the monuments of their inglorious fame: theirs will be the delight, theirs the triumph,—who can trace the remote effects of their enlightened benevolence in the improved condition of their species, and exult in the reflection, that the prodigious changes they now survey, -with eyes that age and sorrow can make dim no more, — of knowledge become power, virtue sharing in the dominion, superstition trampled under foot, tyranny driven from the world, are the fruits, precious though costly, and though late reaped, yet long enduring, of all the hardships and all the hazards they encountered here below!"

Vivid Personification.

Happiness. Colton.

"She is deceitful as the calm that precedes the hurricane, smooth as the water on the verge of the cataract, and beautiful as the rainbow, that smiling daughter of the storm; but, like the mirage in the desert, she tantalizes us with a delusion that distance creates, and that contiguity destroys. Yet, when unsought, she is often found, and when unexpected, often obtained; while those who seek for her the most diligently, fail the most, because they seek her where she is not. Anthony sought her in love; Brutus, in glory; Caesar, in dominion; - the first found disgrace, the second disgust, the last ingratitude, and each destruction. To some she is more kind, but not less cruel; she hands them her cup; and they drink even to stupefaction, until they doubt whether they are men, with Philip, or dream that they are gods, with Alexander. On some she smiles, as on Napoleon, with an aspect more bewitching than an Italian sun; but it is only to make her frown the more terrible, and by one short caress to embitter the pangs of separation. Yet is she, by universal homage and consent, a queen; and the passions are the vassal lords that crowd her court, await her man

date, and move at her control. But, like other mighty sovereigns, she is so surrounded by her envoys, her offi cers, and her ministers of state, that it is extremely difficult to be admitted to her presence chamber, or to have any immediate communication with herself. Ambition, Avarice, Love, Revenge, all these seek her, and her alone; alas! they are neither presented to her, nor will she come to them. She despatches, however, her envoys unto them,- mean and poor representatives of their queen. To Ambition, she sends Power; to Avarice, Wealth; to Love, Jealousy; to Revenge, Remorse: alas! what are these, but so many other names for vexation or disappointment? Neither is she to be won by flatteries or by bribes: she is to be gained by waging war against her enemies, much sooner than by paying any particular court to herself. Those that conquer her adversaries, will find that they need not go to her, for she will come unto them. None bid so high for her as kings; few are more willing, none more able, to purchase her alliance at the fullest price. But she has no more respect for kings than for their subjects; she mocks them, indeed, with the empty show of a visit, by sending to their palaces all her equipage, her pomp, and her train; but she comes not herself. What detains her? She is travelling incognita to keep a private appointment with Contentment, and to partake of a dinner of herbs in a cottage."

Graphic Conversational Description.

Rebuke of Flippancy.— Cumberland.

"Hear the crude opinions that are let loose upon society in our table conversations; mark the wild and wandering arguments that are launched at random, without ever hitting the mark they should be levelled at: what does all this noise and nonsense prove, but that the talker has indeed acquired the fluency of words, but never known the exercise of thought, or attended to the development,

of a single proposition? Tell him that he ought to hear what may be said on the other side of the question - he agrees to it, and either begs leave to wind up with a few words more, which he winds and wire-draws without end; or, having paused to hear, hears with impatience a very little, foreknows everything you had farther to say, cuts short your argument, and bolts in upon you with an answer to that argument? No; with a continuation of his own babble; and, having stifled you with the torrent of his talk, places your contempt to the credit of his own capacity, and foolishly conceives he speaks with reason, because he has not patience to attend to any reasoning but his own.

"There are also others, whose vivacity of imagination has never felt the trammels of a syllogism.

"To attempt at hedging in these sciolists, is but lost. labor. These talkers are very entertaining, as long as novelties with no meaning can entertain you; they have a great variety of opinions, which, if you oppose, they do not defend, and if you agree with, they desert. Their talk is like the wild notes of birds, amongst which you shall distinguish some of pleasant tone, but out of which you compose no tune or harmony of song. These men would have set down Archimedes for a fool, when he danced for joy at the solution of a proposition, and mistaken Newton for a madman, when, in the surplice which he put on for chapel over night, he was found the next morning, in the same place and posture, fixed in profound meditation on his theory of the prismatic colors. So great is their distaste for demonstration, they think no truth is worth the waiting for: the mountain must come to them: they are not by half so complaisant as Mohammed. They are not easily reconciled to truisms, but have no particular objection to impossibilities. For argument they have no ear; it does not touch them; it fetters fancy, and dulls the edge of repartee. If by chance they find themselves in an untenable position, and wit is not at

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hand to help them out of it, they will take up with a pun, and ride home upon a horse laugh: if they cannot keep their ground, they will not wait to be attacked and driven out of it. Whilst a reasoning man will be picking his way out of a dilemma, they, who never reason at all, jump over it, and land themselves at once upon new ground, where they take an imposing attitude, and escape pursuit. Whatever these men do, whether they talk, or write, or act, it is without deliberation, without consistency, without plan. Having no expanse of mind, they can comprehend only in part; they will promise an epic poem, and produce an epigram. In short they glitter, pass away, and are forgotten; their outset makes a show of mighty things; they stray out of their course into byways and obliquities; and, when out of sight of their contemporaries, are forever lost to posterity."

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EXERCISES IN "RHYTHM."*

Rhythm" is, in elocution, the result of that regular and symmetrical movement of the voice, which is caused by the comparatively measured style of rhetorical composition. It implies, also, a just observance of those pauses, whether marked in the punctuation or not, which the sense of a passage demands; and these pauses thus become, like rests in music, portions of the measure and rhythm It is this last mentioned effect which renders rhythm so important to an easy, fluent, and natural use of the voice, in reading and speaking; suggesting the practice of frequent, slight, but well-timed breathing, instead of the common faulty mode of drawing breath at distant and irregular intervals, and with painful effort. The former of these habits renders public reading and speaking easy, even to persons of feeble health; the latter wears away the organic strength of the most vigorous. The former mode preserves the smooth, even

* The word "rhythm" is used, in elocution, to designate that regulated movement of voice, which exists, in its fully marked form, in the combined effect of the metre and pauses of verse, but which belongs, in degree, to all well-written and well-spoken language, in prose,—in the forms, particularly, of declamation and discourse.