dinian antiquities, as they are from time to time brought to light, form a valuable source of record for future writers on the topography of the metropolis,) has fallen into an error when he says,* in confirmation of St. Paul's Cathedral having been used as a horse market, "that Shakspeare makes Falstaff triumphantly boast of having bought his horse in Paul's."

Now the fact is altogether misrepresented in this reference. Falstaff inquires of his page, "Where's Bardolph ?"

The page rejoins, "He's gone into Smithfield to buy your worship a horse." Falstaff then says, "I bought him [Bardolph] in Paul's, and he'll buy me a horse in Smithfield; an I could get but a wife in the stews, I were manned; horsed, and wived." See Henry IV. part II. act I. sc. 2.

I do not know whether I have ever before requested your attention to the exact parallel of the above passage, which is to be found in Burton's Anatomy of Melancholy; if so, I will however venture to reproduce it on this occasion. "He that marries a wife out of a suspected inne or ale house, buyes a horse in Smithfield, and hires a servant in Paul's, as the diverbe is, shall likely have a jade to his horse, a knave for his man, and an arrant honest woman to his wife." Burton's Anatomy of Melancholy, vol. II. p. 492, edit. 1813. By which collateral passages of these two eminent writers, who were both living in the earlier part of the seventeenth century, it would appear that hiring servants in the nave of St. Paul's Cathedral, the promenade of all the loose characters of London at that time, and the purchase of a horse from among the unsound animals exposed for sale in Smithfield, had grown into a “diverb " or proverbial warning; and this is a more likely conjecture than that either Shakspere or Burton borrowed from each other.

I am certain that E. B. P. will pardon the correction of an error which might be multiplied by those who do not read Shakspere for themselves. Yours, &c. A. J. K.

*Nov. p. 533. In our last number E. B. P. himself corrected his error; but we retain the present letter (which was

MY attention has been called to a notice in your Magazine for March 1842, page 122, requesting particulars respecting the ancient family of Barwick, or rather the father or ancestry of Sir Robert Barwick, knt. of Towlston Hall in the county of York, which I here give for the information of your correspondent, or any others connected with the family.

Sir Hugh de Barwick, knt. was Lord of the Manor of Tredelissham in Berkshire, and also held divers lands in the county of Oxford, and died 52 Hen. III. leaving by Isabel his wife two sons, Thomas and John, which John de Barwick had summons to Parliament among the justices and others of the King's council, 23, 27, 33, 34, and 35 of Edw. I. Again, the 1st of Edw. II. when the justices and King's council were intermixed with the earls and barons, but not summoned in fide et homagio. He was treasurer to Queen Alianor, wife of King Edward I. and attended at the coronation of King Edward II. was prebendary of Holme, and afterwards of Fenton, in the county of York. In the 2nd of Edward II. is the last time I find his name mentioned, which seems to intimate that he was shortly after dead. Of the elder son, Thomas de Barwick, we find him as master of the archers in the reign of Edward III. from whom descended John Barwick, D.D.* Dean of St. Paul's, London; Peter Barwick, M.D. Physician in Ordinary to King Charles II.; and Colonel Samuel Barwick,† Governor of Barbadoes in 1666, which Colonel Barwick died 3rd Jan. 1673, leaving an only son and heir, Samuel, who was President of the Councils and Governor of Barbadoes in 1731, and died Jan. 1, 1773, leaving a daughter and heiress Jane, who married 27 Aug. 1752, the Hon. T. Os

omitted last month for want of space) on account of the remarkable parallel pointed out by A. J. K. in the passage of Burton.-Edit.

* Vide Life of Dr. John Barwick.

+ See a curious paper printed (1841) at the private press of Sir Thomas Phillipps, Bart. entitled "The Case of Colonel Samuel Barwick's Will and Codicill."

Ursula, da. of Walter Strickland, esq. the famous antiquary, and sister to Sir William Strickland, Bart. died 4 Oct. 1682.

The registers of Newton Kyme being imperfect from 1636 to 1682, the only entry I found was as follows:-"1682, October, Hursula, ye relect lady of Sr Robert Barwick, was buryed upon ye 6th day." Nor was I more fortunate with the monumental inscriptions which I expected to find in the church; they had disappeared, and not a vestige remained of this family save the arms, impaling those of Strickland, carved in stone on the north side of

*Father of Barwick Bruce, esq. M.D. whose son, Samuel Barwick Bruce, esq. M.D. is the present representative of this branch of the family.

4. Ursula. 5. Mary.

the chancel wall, within the altar rails. Shortly after my return from the village I visited York, and found deposited in the office of the Dean and Chapter the MS. collections of James Torr, the Yorkshire antiquary, who had carefully copied all the inscriptions, which I here give literatim.

Here lyeth interred the body of Ursula Barwick, youngest daughter of Sir Robert Barwick, knt. being the joy of both her parents, whose obedience cannot be paralleled, who died February 5th 1655, aged 14.

Here lyeth interred the body of Ursula Barwick, late of Toulston, Kt. (sic in MS.) who departed this life Oct. 4th, 1682, aged 81.

Here lyeth interred the body of Sr Robert Barwick, Kt. who for his abilities in his profession was chosen Recorder both of York and Doncaster, and soe dyed, having departed this life April 26th 1660, aged 72.

Here lyeth the body of Robert Barwick of Toulston, esq. the son of Sr Robert Barwick, Kt. who departed this life 16 June, A.D. 1666, aged 33 years.

Yours, &c. W. D. B.

MR. URBAN,

I AM not surprised that the subject of the contour and proportion of churches has not dropped. If, in planning such an edifice, next to utility proportion is the first point to be consulted and precedes ornament-if many very plain buildings please because the contour is judicious, and many expensive ones displease in spite of much adornment, then is this a point of more consequence surely than it has been generally considered; especially as a tasteful proportion costs no more than an unsightly disposition of the same materials, while ornament is expensive in exact proportion to its quantity.

Every architectural amateur in Suffolk must be especially interested by the list of churches with equal chancels, contributed by Mr. Wodderspoon. With your addition it exhibits a larger number of churches so constructed than any other county probably could furnish. But I should be sorry that the merits of the equal chancel should be tried by most of these structures, for the greater simplicity of that plan requires more attention to proportion than when the building is divided into a greater number of parts, and some of these churches, from a defect in this point in their construction, are greatly inferior in beauty to some churches of the same rank with low chancels; nay, a great height and heaviness of body, joined to a thin tower, is the most unsightly of all possible defects. I must instance the otherwise very beautiful church of Southwold, exceeded by few of the same class in the interior, and richly adorned throughout. If viewed laterally it appears to me one of the most displeasing in shape I have ever seen, a high-shouldered and clumsy mass; I would gladly add a low chancel to

give it lightness. But, Sir, the equal chancel should not be judged except by that principle from which its beauty is inseparable-a nice attention to proportion.

I did not anticipate any objection to the equal chancel from the nature of the services and solemnities within the roof, but I feared that reverence for ancient construction, and a pleasing association of ideas with venerated forms, would have been urged for to such a plea no answer could have been returned, except a bare avowal of dissent. It was therefore particularly gratifying to find an objection put upon the legitimate principle of taste -the true criterion in this case-and maintained and illustrated in so scientific a manner by Mr. Barnes as to please, if not convince, every reader. As the contour of a church with three heights, his little outline in black appears to me absolute perfection; evincing the justice of his theory of harmonic proportion where that plan is adopted. But may there not be an equal beauty in the relative proportions of two heights? That the interior of a church with an equal chancel would exhibit a much finer view, no one, I think, can question; a depression of roof being a poor climax to noble succession of elevated arches, ribs, or beams; but I should be willing to rest the issue on the lateral appearance of the exterior; and I have one plea more to offer. There seems a fitness and propriety in such a construction of different grades of edifices of the same kind, that a general correspondence shall exist between them, that the difference be adjusted by some rule, and not by caprice or accident. Now if the equal chancel be adopted, there will exist such a correspondence between the three classes of churches, the cathedral, the parochial church, and the chapel; the two latter will be irregular segments of the former. Take away one side of a cathedral, and you have the form of the parochial church; take away the tower from the parochial church, and you have a chapel. But the low chancel entirely destroys this general affinity. I do not advance this as a strong plea; "valeat quantum," &c. I am desirous of joining issue with your talented correspondent

ings, the value of which is of course confined, he has a claim to be remembered as the author of" Chretienne Confutation du Point-d'Honneur," (Paris, 1568, 1571, and 1579, 8vo.,) a theological treatise against duelling. He is, however, unnoticed by Sabatier, (4th edit. 1779,) probably because most of his works were written in Latin.

2. In your Magazine for November, page 487, is a letter on the subject of the Pilgrim's Progress, and the sources from which it may have originated. There is a conjecture on this subject in the Life of the late Dr. Adam Clarke, which traces the literary genealogy back to Gawin Douglas, the celebrated Bishop of Dunkeld, after which it becomes less definite :-" "A thought strikes me: John Bunyan seems to have borrowed his Pilgrim's Progress from Bernard's Isle of Man ; Bernard his Isle of Man from Fletcher's Purple Island; Fletcher took his plan from Spenser's Faery Queen; Spenser his Faery Queen from Gawin Douglas's King Hart; and Douglas his plan from the old mysteries and moralities which prevailed in his time." (Life, vol. ii. p. 290.) The Voyage of the Wandering Knight (which was printed during the reign of Elizabeth), and which is noticed in an early volume of the Retrospective Review, should seemingly be reckoned in the Pilgrim's ancestry, for it has a strong family resemblance. Of King Hart there is a copious analysis in Dr. David Irving's Lives of the Scottish Poets (vol. ii. p. 28-35, ed. 1804). He says, "Douglas's King Hart, an allegorical poem of a singular construction, exhibits a most ingenious adumbration of the progress of human life. The heart, being the fountain of vital motion, is personified as man himself, and conducted through a great variety of ad. ventures" (p. 28). Perhaps the idea may be traced as high as the allegory of Cebes, entitled Iwag, the Tablet or Picture of Human Life; and the Hercules (Περι του Ηρακλεους) of his contemporary Prodicus, which has given rise to so many compositions under the title of the Choice of Hercules, and among others that by Shenstone. "The Table of Cebes (observes Dr. Gillies), which has been transImitted to modern times, contains a

beautiful and affecting picture of human life, delineated with accuracy of judgment, and illuminated by splendour of sentiment." (Hist. of Greece, iii. 148.) The allegory may be briefly expressed in a few words from one of Johnson's notes, as quoted by the late editor, Simpson :* "Homo in vitam ingressurus haustum erroris et ignorantiæ ab impostura sumit, ingressum opiniones, cupiditates, et voluptates excipiunt, aliæ ferunt ad salutem, aliæ ad interitum." Enfield has remarked, that "this piece . . . in its moral spirit and character is truly Socratic, but contains some sentiments which appear to have been borrowed from the Pythagorean school." (Hist. of Philosophy, i. 189.) Indeed, the idea of representing human life as a choice between diverging paths may be found in the famous aphorism of Pythagoras, "Remember that the paths of virtue and of vice resemble the letter Y." But the germ of the idea is older than the Samian philosopher, and may be traced even in the earliest Scriptures, in a variety of texts, which will readily recur to the reader's mind.

As some of your readers, Mr. Urban, may wish to have a sight of Bernard's allegory, which comes so near to Bunyan as a precursor, they will be glad to learn that their curiosity can easily be gratified, since the book has been reprinted by the Religious Tract Society,

as

"The Search for Sin, and its impartial trial in the Isle of Man; extracted from an old Author." It stands at No. 91 in the Society's list, and is sold for less than twopence, while the original, if a clean and perfect copy, would probably be charged in an intelligent bookseller's catalogue at several shillings. In its present form it is probably abridged.

Bunyan was so partial to this kind of writing, that he has described human life, or rather religion, under the similitude of a war as well as of a pilgrimage. His Holy War, however, though it contains some ingenious ideas, is inferior to the Pilgrim's Progress.

3. Some of your readers may now

* Epicteti Enchiridion, Cebetis Tabula, Prodici Hercules, et Theophrasti Characteres Ethici, per Jos. Simpson, A. M. E. Coll. Reg. Oxon. 1804. (note p, page 74.)