tracting powers, one of them should be attacked in his dominions, itates, and provinces, in Europe, the other, as foon as it fhall be required of him, will employ his good offices to terminate hoftilities, and to procure proper fatisfaction for his ally. Should thefe remonftrances prove fruitless, he will furnish to the party requiring it, at the time ftated, and without the leaft difficulty, the troops ftipulated hereafter. These troops fhall affemble in fuch harbour or frontier town of the party of whom they are required, as fhall be moft contiguous to the theatre of war; their farther transport shall be at the expense of the party requiring them.. To obviate any mifunderftanding, with refpect to the period in which fuch fuccour is to be furnished, their majefties are reciprocally of opinion, that the faid fuccour fhould be left at the difpofal of the requiring party, two, three, or at fartheft four months after fuch requifition fhall have been made. In this, the time will be faithfully and confcientiously regulated, which, from the diftance of places, fhall be neceffary, and according as the feafon, fhall be more or lefs favourable for the marching of troops, or the fitting out of fhips of the line, or other auxiliary veffels. IV. The fuccour ftipulated in the preceding article, if that cafe of the treaty fhould happen, fhall confift, on the part of his Swedish majesty, in 8000 men, infantry; 2000 cavalry, or dragoons, as it fhall beft fuit the party of whom they are required, and in fix fail of the line, from 60 to 70 guns, and two frigates, of 30 guns each; on the part of his imperial majefty of all the Ruffias, in 12,000 men, infantry, and 4,000 cavalry, or dragoons, as it fhall beft fuit the party of whom they are required, and in nine fail of the line, from 60 to 70 guns, and three frigates, of 50 guns each. The auxiliary troops fhall be provided with ammunition, and with the neceffary field artillery; and the fhips of the line, frigates, and other veflels, fitted out, armed, clothed, and provifioned, as is usual in time of war, and in the fame state as the party of whom they are required would have put them for combating an attacking enemy. If that cafe of the treaty fhould happen, and either the party requiring them, or of whom they are required, fhould wish to have, or to furnish infantry inftead of cavalry, and if that fhould be agreed upon, two men infantry fhall be furnished for one man cavalry. If one or other of the high contracting parties mentioned fhould not deem fuch change fuitable, it shall not take place, and the formation of the auxiliary corps fhall remain as ftipulated in the present article. V. The auxiliary troops fhall be paid by the party of whom they are required; but they are to be provided by the requiring party with the ufual rations, and the neceffary forage and quarters, on the fame footing as their own mafter furnishes and provides them when in the field. VI. The fhips of the line, or armed veffels, fent by one of the high contracting parties to the af fiftance of the other, fhall be fitted out, armed, and provifioned, for four months, which term fhall com→ mence from the moment of the failing of the fhips of the line, frigates, or auxiliary veffels, from the harbours and roads of the refpective dominions of the two con tracting tracting powers. Should the refult of the operations, or other circumstances, render it neceflary for the requiring party to employ them after that period, he fhall be at liber ty to do fo; but in that cafe he will be obliged to maintain them at his own expenfe, and to fupply the men with the fame quantity of provifions as they receive from their own fovereign when in the field; the party of whom they are required will then merely be obliged to pay the officers and men of the hips of the line, frigates or other veffels. Should the high contracting parties deem it more fuitable to their interest and to the refult of the operations, inftead of the fhips of the line, frigates, or other veffels, to ufe the vellels of the fleet of the Shears, the fame number of men fhall be furnished in fuch veffels, as would otherwife have been furnished in fhips of the line, or frigates. VII. Though every officer will retain the command of the auxiliary troops under him, yet the chief command fhall unquestionably be in the hands of the officer intrufted with it by the party requiring those troops in the field, and during the combined operations by land or fea. Not any important expedition fhall, however, be undertaken, nor any plan of confequence carried into execution, unless the commander of the auxiliary troops has previously been confulted upon, and given his confent to it. VIII. To obviate every error or mifunderstanding refpecting the rank of officers, who have the refpective commands, the fovereign requiring the fuccour will give timely notice of the officer whom he intends to intruft with it, to enable the other party to fix the rank of the officer who is to command the auxiliary troops or vessels. IX. The auxiliary troops fhall have their own priests, and enjoy the free exercife of their religion. They fhall be tried by their own officers, according to the laws and articles of war which are in force with them. Should any differences arife between the officers and troops of the party requiring fuccour, and the auxiliary troops, an equal number of commiffioners fhall be appointed by both parties, to investigate the cafe, and to pronounce judgement; and thofe who, by a majority of votes, are found guilty, fhall be punished according to the articles of war of their own fovereign. If there fhould be an equal number of votes, the fentence of that party fhall be valid, which declares for the mildeft punishment The correfpondence, which the generals or officers of the auxiliary troops may wish to carry on with their own country, by the post or by exprefles, fhall not be impeded. X. The auxiliary troops, fhips of the line, or other fhips of war, fhall not be expofed by too great a diftance, on their marches, in detachment, and actions, or in quarters. Care fhall be taken, on the contrary, as much as poffible, to unite them in a centre of fufficient force. And to prevent in all cafes, that the auxiliary troops, fhips of the line, or other fhips of war, are not fatigued or exposed more than thofe of the party requiring fuc cour, the commander-in-chief fhall be obliged, on all occafions, to make a juft and equitable diftribution of the combined forces. XI. Should the auxiliary troops have, fuffered confiderable diminu A tion, of 1000 men at least, exclusive of the fick and wounded, during the campaign, the party which furnifhed them will complete them by recruiting, at its own expenfe; thefe recruits fhall be fent to the harbour or the frontiers of the requiring party, which is nearest to the theatre of war (within two months from the day on which the party of which fuccours have been required fhall have been informed of fuch diminution), from whence they are afterwards to be tranf ported to the army, at the expenfe of the party requiring them. fhip of the line, frigate, or other vellel, of the auxiliary fleet, which fhall have been loft, is to be replaced by the party furnithing the fuccour by another fhip of equal force, within two months, ot fooner, if poffible, from the day above mentioned, provided fuch faip of the line, frigate, or veffel, can john the fleet of the party requiring it, without being evidently expofed to danger; it is to be well underflood, however, that fuch recruiting and replacing of troops fhall not take place, unless the troops or fhips are able to join their refpective corps previous to the end of the campaign. For every fresh campaign, the recruits, the fhips of the line, frigates, or other veffels, fhall be furnifhed complete, regardless of the amount of their diminution. It is likewife agreed upon, that if, during the march, or when the auxiliary troops are returning from the dominions of the party by which they had been required, any of the officers, foldiers, and failors, fhould be obliged to remain behind, on account of ficknefs or wounds, that party binds himfelf to provide for them, and on their recovery to march them to the frontiers of the dominions of the party that furnished them, at his own expenfe. XII. In cafe the fuccours ftipulated in the 4th article, for the defence of the high contracting party which fhall have been attacked, fhould be infufficient, the other, after a confultation, in which the mutual fituation of the two high contracting powers fhall be inveftigated, is to furnish more troops and fhips of war, provided his own fituation allows it. Thefe additional troops, or fhips, are to be furnished on the fame conditions as above-mentioned. XIII. Both parties fall be at liberty, while one of them is engaged in a war, to draw from the states of the other the neceffary materials and articles for carrying on war, at the current price at the place where they are bought. XIV. At the end of the war, the auxiliary troops fhall be farther maintained, by the party that required them, upon the fame footing as ftipulated in article V. till they fhall have returned to the states of their fovereign. Their return fhall be effected at the expenses of the party that required them. XV. Should the party, of which the fuccour has been required, be attacked on account of having furnifhed it, and the two high contracting powers thus be engaged in a common war, they fhall not enter fingly into negociations for peace or for a cellation of hoftilities, much lefs conclude a peace or an armiftice, without the confent and full participation of both parties, or before the aggrefied party fhall have been properly indemnified for the damages fuffered. It is alfo well understood, understood, that the requiring party cannot conclude an armiftice or a peace, without confcientiously obferving the intereft of the other party. XVI. To enable their fubjects to enjoy thofe advantages which a wellestablished commerce offers to both nations, from the proximity of their ftates, the two high contracting parties have agreed to make this the bafis of a particularly folid and permanent treaty, which fhall be drawn up immediately. Till fuch treaty can be concluded, the two high contracting parties agree that their refpective fubjects fhall enjoy all the advantages in their respective states which are enjoyed in them by the moft favoured nations. The better to fecure the liberty of commerce, the two high contracting parties will give orders to the commanders of their fhips, whatever fea they may be in, to protect and affift every Swedish and Ruffian fhip that may ftand in need of it. XVII. The two high contracting parties having alfo obferved the neceffity to regulate the frontiers of Finland, for the better fecurity of tranquillity and good neighbourhood, they engage, as foon as poffible, to occupy themfelves with that important fubject, and to commence negociations refpecting it at St. Petersburgh, through the minifters of the two courts. Till that fhall be effected, the two high contracting parties have agreed to let things remain, in that refpect, as they were at the conclufion of the peace of Werele. XVIII. To render ftill ftronger the harmony, and to fupprefs the diforders which might refult from impunity, a cartel fhall be concluded between both flates. Until this fhall 6 be effected, the two high contracting parties agree not to grant any protection to criminals and deferters who fhall feek an asylum in their ftates, but to arreft and deliver up on the frontiers, to the officers appointed for that purpose, all fuch runaways, as foon as intelligence fhall have been received. It is alfo agreed on, immediately after the ratification of the prefent treaty, and previoufly to the cartel being eftablifhed, to exchange all the deferters in both countries. From this regulation fhall only be excepted prifoners of war, náturalized in either of the two countries, and the deferters who fhall have married or fettled, out of their country, previous to the ratification of the present treaty. XIX. This alliance fhall be in force during eight years, and the two high contracting powers reserve to themselves to declare and to agree upon the prolongation of it, at leaft fix months before the expiration of that term. XX. The ratifications of this treaty fhall be exchanged within fix weeks, or fooner, if poffible, at St. Petersburgh. In the faith of this, we, the undersigned, in virtue of our full powers, have figned the prefent treaty of alliance, and fealed it with our arms. Done at Gatfchina, the 18th (29th) of October, 1799. Curt Steding (Signed) J. C. Toll. Count Roftopfchin. Count Panin. Separate Article. His Swedish majesty shall be at liberty, annually, to buy 50,000 chetwerts of corn in the harbours of the Gulf of Finland, and of the Baltic, Baltic, belonging to his Ruffian majefty; but it must be proved that it is for account of Swedish fubjects particularly, by his majefty for that purpofe; which corn may be exported to Sweden duty free. Barren years fhall, however, be excluded from this regulation. If this cafe fhould happen, his majefty of Sweden fhall be at liberty, as foon as the exportation is again allowed, to export, befides the annual quantity ftipulated above, the quantity which fhould have been exported during the prohibition. This feparate article fhall have the fame force and validity as if it were inferted word for word in the treaty of alliance figned this day, and fhall be ratified at the fame time. En faith of which we, the underfigned, by virtue of our full powers, have figned the, prefent feparate article, and thereunto put our feal with our arms. Done at Gatfchina, the 18th royalty in France, without, however, admitting any partition of that country; to re-establish the ancient forms of government in the united Netherlands and in the Swifs Cantons; to maintain the integrity of the German empire, and to look for his reward in the happinefs and tranquillity of Europe: Providence has bleffed his arms, and hitherto the Ruffian troops have triumphed over the enemies of thrones, religion, and focial order. His majefty the emperor of all the Ruffias having thus declared his views, and the motives by which he is guided, addrefles this declaration to all the members of the German empire, inviting them to unite their forces with his, to destroy their mon enemy as fpeedily as possible, to found on his ruins permanent tranquillity for themfelves and their pofterity. com Should his imperial majefty of all the Ruffians perceive that they fupport his views, and rally around. him, he will, inftead of relaxing his, zeal, redouble his exertions, and not fheath his fword before he has feen the downfal of the monster which threatens to crufh all legal authorities. But fhould he be leftto himfelf, he will be forced to recall his forces to his ftates, and to give up a caufe fo badly fupported by thofe who ought to have the greatest flare in its triumph. Gatfchina, Sept. 15, Declaration of War of the Emperor of all the Ruffias against Spain. E, by the grace of God, port of the fufferers, and to reftore make known to all our faithful fub jea |