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CONTENTS.

HISTORY OF EUROPE.

CHAP. I.

A general View of the Year 1799.-Hazardous Situation_of_Buonaparte, in confequence of the Deftruction of the French Fleet.-Prefent State of Egypt.-Mammalukes.-Beys.-Arabs.-Jews.-Greeks.-Cophts.Force, Land and Marine, under the Command of Buonaparte.-Various Cares of Buonaparte.-Means of maintaining the Army. And of recruiting and preferving it.—Buonaparte respects himself, and gives Orders to his Officers to refpect, the Prejudices of all the Egyptians.-His Proclamation to the People of Egypt.-At great Pains to propagate, in all Mahometan Countries, a Belief of his Veneration for Islaumism and the Prophet. -Treachery and Punishment of the principal Sheick, or Shereef, of Alexandria.-Endeavours of Buonaparte to blend and harmonize the French and the Egyptians.-Meafures taken for the Accomplishment of that Defign.Grand Feaft at Cairo, on the Anniversary of the French Republic. -Great Ceremony at the annual opening of the Grand Canal of Cairo.-Liberality of Buonaparte to the Egyptians.-Ufeful Inftitutions.-Government of Egypt attempted to be affimilated to the new Government in France.Notables. Departments.—And a general Assembly, or Divan, in Egypt. -Difficulty of operating and producing any permanent Change in the Minds of Barbarians.-Jealoufies of the French.. ·Discontents,—Mur-And Infurrections.--Particularly at Cairo.-This, with the others, fubdued. A general Amnefly Murad Bey defeated, with great Lofs. And forced to retreat to the Mountains.-The French, under the Command of Deffaix, in Possession of the best Part of Upper Egypt [L

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CHA P. II.

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The French keep their Ground in Egypt.-Yet many Caufes remain of Alarm.-Means ufed by Buonaparte, for obviating or encountering these.'An Alliance, offenfive and defenfive, between the Turks and Ruffians.—Ex- pedition of the French into Egypt.-Objects of this avowed. Or probable. -Preparations for the Expedition.-Difpofition of the Troops. And MarchOppofed by Mammalukes, Arabs, Samaritans, and other Syrian

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Tribes.

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Tribes.-Battle of El-Arifch.-El-Arifch taken by the French-Progress
of the French Army to Gaza.—Of which it takes Poffeffion without Refif
tance. And of Jaffa (the ancient Joppa), after a defperate Refiftance.
Importance of Jaffa.- Letter from Buonaparte to Ghezzar, Bafhaw of
St. John d'Acre.-Ghezzar's Anfier.-March of the French Army along
the Roots of Mount Carmel.-Towards St. John d'Acre.-Defcription and
Hiflory of Acre. French encamp before Acre.. And open Trenches
against it.-Project, combined by the British and Turkish Governments,
for a general Attack on Buonaparte, by Sea and Land.-A French Flotilla,
with Battering-cannon, Ammunition, and Stores, taken by Commodore Sir
Sidney Smith.-Breach effected in the Wall of Acre.-Repeated Affaults
of the French, on Acre, repulfed.-Immenfe Multitudes affembled on the

furrounding Hills, waiting for the fue of the Contest, with a Determina-

tion to join the Victors.-Circular Letter from Sir Sidney Smith to the

Princes and Chiefs of the Chrißians of Mount Lebanon.-Their friendly

Anfwer-Sallies from the Garrison of Acre.-Account of Ghezzar Ba-

fhaw.-Difcomfiture and Retreat of the French from Acre

CHA P. III.

Object of the French Expedition to Egypt.-Connection between France and the
Sultaun of Myfore, in India.-Letter from Buonaparte to Tippoo Sultaun.
-Hoftilities against the British, in India, concerted between the French
Government and Tippoo.-Embaffy from Tippoo Sultaun to Zemaun Shah,
King of Cabul.-The Kingdoms of Candahar and Cabul defcribed.-Curious
Inftructions of Tippoo to his Ambaffadors.-Plans for holile Co-operation
between Tippoo Sullaun and Zemaun Shah, against the English.-Letter
from Tippoo to Zemaun.-Zemaun's Anfier-According with the Wishes
of Tippoo. The Invafior of India concerted between those two Princes, pre-

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CHAP. V.

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Dreadful Effects of this Law.-Plunder, Profufion, Venality, and Cor ruption.

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CHA P. VII.

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Covetoufuels and Rapacity of the Directors of Frante, difplayell in their foreign Transactions. -Treaty between the Directory and Portugal. Not ratified by the Court of Lisbon.—Geneva becomes a Department of France. -Conduct of the French towards different Nations.-Their continued Menaces against England. -Calumnies.- And malicious Accufations. Thefe refuted, and retorted by the Publication of General Hoche's Inftructions to Colonel Tate, for carrying on a War, in England, of Plunder and Deftruction.Reflections thereon. -Parties in France.Policy of the Directory-Boafings, and vain-glorious Predictions.Obfervations on Colonies, and the most proper Places for their Efiablishment.—Message from the Directory, to the Council of Five Hundred, relating to the Toulon Expedition.Apologies for invading Egypt without a previous Declaration of War.-Joy and Exultation at the Landing of the French in Egypt.— And confident Predictions of "great Glory, to be from thence derived, to the French Nation. And Benefits to all the World.-Intelligence received in France of the Naval Victory of Aboukir.-Effects of this on the French Nation This Victory vilified by the French.-New Requifitions of Men and Money-The Light in which the Directory appeared, throughout France, before the News from Aboukir.Covetousness und Rapacity of the Directory.--Manner in which they made their Fortune.—The Destruction of the French Fleet, at Aboukir, a new Support, and a new Source of Power, to the Directory.-The Manner in which the Government of France received the Declaration of War by the Turks.—A French Ambaffador fent to Conftantinople.-French Anfwer to the Manifefto of the Porte. Refutation of this, by intercepted Letters of Buonaparte's.—Submissiveness of the French Legislative Councils to the Directory, and Indifference about the Conflitution.The fame Requifitions of Men and Money, that were made in France, enforced in the conquered States.-Infurrection in Belgium-Its Rapidity and Extent. Subdued.

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CHAP. VIII.

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Congress of Raftadt.-Defcription of Germany.-Germanic Conflitution.— The Germans, in all Ages, characterized by a Love of Liberty.—States of the Empire. Three Colleges.-Viciffitudes in the Conflitution. Election of the Emperor.-Geographical Divifion of the Empire into Circles.Divifion of the Empire, founded on Differences of Religion.-Diet of the Empire. Advices of the Diet.-Decrees of Ratification.-Conclufum.Influence of the Emperor on the Proceedings of the Diet.-Aud of the King of Prufia.-Deputations of the Empire.-Ordinary and ExtraordinaryMembers of the Extraordinary Deputation of the Empire affembled at Rafadt.-Their Powers and Functions.-Negociation between the Parties

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concerned, at Raftadt, carried on without the Intervention of foreign Powers-Secret Articles in the Treaties of Bafle and Campo-Formio.—~ Violation of the latter, on the Part of the French, complained of by the Imperial Minifter.-Bafis propofed for a Pacification, by the French Plenipotentiaries.-Counter Propofitions, by the Deputation of the Empire.-Continuation of Hoftilities by the French.-Difputes concerning the Origin and Commencement of the War.-The Bafis propofed by the French Plenipotentiaries agreed on by the fecret Articles of the Treaty of Campo-Formio.Secularizations propofed.-The Deputation agree to the Ceffion of half the Territory demanded by the French.-Who perfift in their first Propofitions. -Debates in the Diet of the Empire.-The Ceffion of the left Bank of the Rhine agreed to, by the Deputation, on certain Conditions.—Private Views of the individual States of the Empire.-The Syftem of Secularization agreed to.-Farther Pretenfions of the French.-Objections to thefe.-Jealoufies and fecret Views of both the negociating Parties.—Rapacity and Venality of the French Directory.—Interefting and infidious Intervention of the French Plenipotentiaries, in Favour of certain Imperial Cities.-Relaxed and enfeebled State of the Germanic Conftitution.-The German States arranged refpectively around Pruffia and Auftria.-Fresh Pretenfions of the French refified by both thefe Powers.-Conceffions of the French.-And of the Deputation of the Empire.-A Majority of the Deputation agrees to the French Propofitions.—Proteft in the Diet against their Vote.—Effect produced on the Negociations at Raftadt, by the Approach of the Ruffians to Germany. Conclufum of the Diet, on the Subject of the French Propofi◄ tions, ratified by the Imperial Commissary.-Requifitions of the Deputation of the Empire, for the Relief of the right Bank of the Rhine,-Declaration of the French Plenipotentiaries against the Admiffion of Ruffian Troops into the Territory of the Empire.-Referred to the general Diet of the Empire of Ratisbon.-Entrance and Progreffion of the Ruffians into Germany.-Surrender of the Fortress of Ehrenbreitficin.-The French Army croffes the Rhine.-And penetrates into Suabia.--French Proclamation. And Address of General Jourdan to his Army, on their Entrance into Germany. Taken into Confideration by the Deputation of the Empire.-Which recommends to the general Diet the Adoption of Means for a Speedy Peace. The Zeal of the Deputies for Peace, checked by the Imperial Commiffary.-Preludes of War.

CHA P. IX.

Attack on the French, by the King of Naples.-Secret Motives affigned for this.-Pofition of the Neapolitan Troops, after their Repulje from the Roman Territories.-And of the French.-The different Divifions of the French Army draw near to Naples.-Amidft general and conflant Infurrections of the Natives of the Country-Armifice propofed by the Neapolitan to the French General for an Armifice.-Rejected.-Maffacres of the French.-Perilous Situation of the French Troops.-Defperate Refolution of Championet.-Unexpectedly relieved from his Embarament by an Offer, for the third Time, of an Armiflice.-The Neapolitan Troops evaVOL. XLI. LI

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