VI. 1533. felf fo eminently in the conqueft of Mexico, E O O K having obtained the government of Guatimala as a recompence for his valour, foon became difgufted with a life of uniform tranquillity, and longed to be again engaged in the bustle of military fervice. The glory and wealth acquired by the conquerors of Peru heightened this paffion, and gave it a determined direction. Believing, or pretending to believe, that the kingdom of Quito did not lie within the limits of the province allotted to Pizarro, he refolved to invade it. The high reputation of the commander allured volunteers from every quarter. He embarked with five hundred men, of whom above two hundred were of fuch diftinction as to ferve on horfeback. He landed at Puerto Viejo, and without fufficient knowledge of the country, or proper guides to conduct him, attempted to march directly to Quito, by following the course of the river Guayquil, and croffing the ridge of the Andes towards its head. But in this route, one of the moft impracticable in all America, his troops endured fuch fatigue in forcing their way through forefts and marfhes on the low grounds, and fuffered fo much from exceffive cold when they began to afcend the mountains, that before they reached the plain of Quito, a fifth part of the men and half of their horfes died, and the reft were fo much dispirited and BOOK worn out, as to be almoft unfit for fervice VI. 1533 There they meet with a body, not of Indians but of * See NOTE XIX. y Zarate, lib. ii. c. 10-13. Vega, p. 11. lib. ii. c. t, 2. 9, &c. Gomara Hift. c. 126, &c. Remefal Hift. Guatimal, lib. iii. c. 6. Herrera, dec. 5. lib. vi. c. 1, z. 7, 8. 2. BY By this time Ferdinand Pizarro had landed in B O O K VI. 1534. on Pizarro mag.o. Spain. The immenfe quantities of gold and filver which he imported, filled the kingdom Honours with no less astonishment than they had excited conferred in Panama and the adjacent provinces. Pizarro and Alwas received by the emperor with the attention due to the bearer of a present fo rich, as to exceed any idea which the Spaniards had formed concerning the value of their acquifitions in America, even after they had been ten years mafters of Mexico. In recompence of his brother's fervices, his authority was confirmed with new powers and privileges, and the addition of feventy leagues, extending along the coaft, to the fouthward of the territory granted in his former patent. Almagro received the honours which he had fo long defired. The title of Adelantado, or governor, was conferred upon him, with jurifdiction over two hundred leagues of country, ftretching beyond the fouthern limits of the province allotted to Pizarro. Ferdinand himself did not go unrewarded. He was admitted into the military order of St. Jago, a distinction always acceptable to a Spanish gentleman, and foon fet out on his return to Peru, accompanied by many perfons of higher rank than had yet ferved in that country 2. z See NOTE XX. ■ Zarate, lib. iii. c. 3. Herrera, dec. 5. lib. vi. c. 13. Vega, p. 11. lib. ii. c. 19. M 3 SOME BOOK VI. 1534. Beginning of diffen fions be tween Pi zarro and Almagro. SOME account of his negociations reached Perų before he arrived there himfelf. Almagro no fooner learned that he had obtained the royal grant of an independent government, than, pretending that Cuzco, the imperial refidence of the Incas, lay within its boundaries, he attempted to render himself mafter of that important station, Juan and Gonzalez Pizarro prepared to oppofe him. Each of the contending parties was fupported by powerful adherents, and the difpute was on the point of being terminated by the fword, when Francis Pizarro arrived in the capital. The reconciliation between him and Almagro had never been cordial. The treachery of Pizarro in engroffing to himself all the honours and emoluments, which ought to have been divided with his affociate, was always prefent in both their thoughts. The former, confcious of his own perfidy, did not expect forgiveness; the latter, feeling that he had been deceived, was impatient to be avenged; and though avarice and ambition had induced them not only to diffemble their fentiments, but even to act in concert while in purfuit of wealth and power, no fooner did they obtain poffeffion of thefe, than the fame paffions which had formed this temporary union, gave rife to jealoufy and difcord. To each of them was attached a fmall band of interested dependents, who, with the malicious art peculiar to fuch men, heightened their fufpicions, and magnified But BOOK The VI. 1534. magnified every appearance of offence. with all those feeds of enmity in their minds, and thus affiduously cherished, each was fo thoroughly acquainted with the abilities and courage of his rival, that they equally dreaded the confequences of an open rupture. fortunate arrival of Pizarro at Cuzco, and the addrefs mingled with firmnefs which he manifested in his expoftulations with Almagro and his partizans, averted that evil for the prefent. A new reconciliation took place; the chief article of which was, that Almagro fhould attempt the conqueft of Chili; and if he did not find in that province an establishment adequate to his merit and expectations, Pizarro, by way of indemnification, fhould yield up to him a part of Peru. This new agreement, though confirmed June 12. with the fame facred folemnities as their first contract, was observed with as little fidelity ». of i iza ro SOON after he concluded this important tranf- Regulations action, Pizarro marched back to the countries on the fea-coaft, and as he now enjoyed an interval of tranquillity, undisturbed by any enemy, either Spanish or Indian, he applied himself with that perfevering ardour, which diftinguishes his cha b Zarate, lib. ii. Benzo, lib, iii. c. 6. c. 13. Vega, p. 11. lib. ii. c. 19. M 4 racter, |