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DESCRIPTION-(Continued)

A very interesting p-type spiral about 4' long. It somewhat resembles 1300
and 5921. The nucleus is pear-shaped; there are numerous rather hazy
condensations. The nucleus is quite bright. A faint oval patch of nebu-
losity lies 21:5 to the south. 5 s.n.
An

Messier 74 Piscium; Vol. VIII, Plate 4. Nearly round, 8′ in diameter.
unusually beautiful and symmetrical spiral, showing numerous almost stellar
condensations. Nucleus bright and small, but not stellar. 34 s.n.
Planetary. 5 s.n.

Spindle-shaped; an edgewise spiral 35 long in p.a. 80°, with a clear-cut ab-
sorption lane passing along its length at one side of the center. Central
portion fairly bright. See Abs. Eff.

Slightly oval; 0.5 in diameter; quite bright; no whorls or structure discernible.
A fine, open spiral 35 x 1.8; the whorls are very faint; nucleus almost stellar.
32 s.n.

A very compact, fairly bright, two-branched spiral 0:5 long.
Quite faint; 3' long; a very interesting two-branched spiral.

A fairly bright, nearly round, irregular spiral, 0'4 in diameter.

An open spiral, 4' x 1' in p.a. 150°, with a number of stellar condensations and a small, fairly distinct nucleus. A well marked dark lane on the north. See Abs. Eff.

Planetary. 0 s.n.

Very bright; about 0:4 in diameter; strong nuclear portion; no spiral structure discernible. 737 does not exist; is simply a faint star.

Almost stellar; slightly elongated.

A faint oval spiral 10 x 0:2 in p.a. 140°, with a very faint stellar nucleus.
No nebula in the position given for 739. This is described as "cF, vS, R, in
triangle of stars"; there is such an object at 1h 51m1, +32° 46'. 37 s.n.
Double nebula; nuclei 25′′ apart in p.a. 175°; the northern one is the brighter;
both have almost stellar nuclei, and seem to be physically connected.
Very faint, elongated spiral about 1' long. A very faint patch 2:3 s.p. is
probably 760.

Not given in the N. G. C. though much more conspicuous than 765 which is 29′ s.
A p-type spiral with axis in p.a. 135°; 1' long. 7 s.n.

A small, open spiral; 1' long whorls very faint.

A very bright oval, 0'4 long; no structure discernible.

A beautiful, rather symmetrical spiral about 5' x 3' in p.a. 120°. The nucleus is bright and almost stellar. There are several faint condensations; one whorl is much brighter than the rest. 27 s.n.

A narrow oval 3' x 0.5 in p.a. 165°; strong, sharp nucleus. A spiral, but the
whorls are rather indistinct and show no condensations. 4 s.n.

A faint spiral 3' x 1' in p.a. 105° with a sharp stellar nucleus. 4 s.n.
Fairly bright; 15 long; no whorls discernible. There is a clear-cut dark lane
south of the nucleus. See Abs. Eff.

Vol. VIII, Plate 6. This beautiful example of an edgewise spiral with an
absorbing lane down its center is 12' x 1' in p.a. 24°. Rather bright. See
Abs. Eff. 54 s.n.

A fine two-branched spiral about 4' in length; the two main whorls are much brighter than the rest; nuclear portion bright, but not stellar. 894 is simply a whorl of 895. 8 s.n.

Twenty nebulae in this region, all very faint and small, with the exception of 908, which is a fine, bright, somewhat irregular spiral, 4' x 13 in p.a. 172°. The nucleus is bright and stellar; there are a number of almost stellar condensations; the whorl extending to the s. is bifid. 20 s.n.

Very faint and small; elongated; faint stellar nucleus. Possibly a spiral seen nearly edgewise.

Described in the N. G. C. as vF, cS, O? A small, faint, slightly elongated,
almost stellar nebula is near this place, but is not planetary.

Very interesting. The central part is very bright, and Saturn-shaped; there
may be an almost stellar nucleus. This central portion is about 14 long in
p.a. 85°. Outside is exceedingly faint matter, apparently spiral whorls,
forming an oval ring about 3' x 2' in p.a. 150°. The spectrum is continuous.
It is perhaps a p-type spiral with unusually bright "cross-arm."
31 s.n.

A faint, patchy, somewhat oval, spiral about 2' in total length. Very faint,
almost stellar nucleus. A faint nebula, probably an irregular spiral, 1' x 0.2
lies 12' s.

Very faint diffuse nebulosity, with some slight structural detail, shows over an area perhaps 12' square, involved in a sparse, open cluster. 0 s.n.

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DESCRIPTION-(Continued)

A fairly bright oval patch nearly 1' long. There are several stellar condensations, one at the southern end being brighter than the nucleus; there are traces of a faint whorl at the southern end. Quite irregular, but undoubtedly a spiral. 36 s.n.

A rather bright, quite irregular spiral 15 x 0.5 in p.a. 153°. Stellar nucleus; several strong condensations. There are vacant spaces about the two main condensations at the n. and s., and evidence of absorption effects on the south side. See Abs. Eff. 0 s.n.

6' x 13 in p.a. 80°. Center very bright, with perhaps an almost stellar nucleus. While no spiral whorls are discernible, it is probably a spiral of the Andromeda type. 13 s.n.

A moderately bright spiral 5' x 1' in p.a. 102°. Shows a few rather hazy condensations. Evidence of absorption effect on the n.

Messier 77 Ceti; Vol. VIII, Plate 7. A very bright and beautiful spiral 2.5 x 1.7 in p.a. 20°. Several almost stellar condensations on the periphery of the brighter central portions, near the bright nucleus, which is apparently not stellar. The whorls are very compactly arranged. 11 s.n.

- 8 0 A fairly bright, condensed, very patchy spiral 2:2 x 0.8 in p.a. 30°. Very faint stellar nucleus; several condensations in the whorls. 14 s.n.

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A fine spiral 2:3 x 13 in p.a. 10°; the whorls are rather irregular, showing numerous almost stellar condensations; the nucleus is fairly sharp.

A faint spiral 2' x 1' in p.a. 100° with a large, hazy nucleus. The whorls are faint and not clearly defined.

This appears to be the larger and more southerly nebula of two objects which
are l' apart. It is 1' long, slightly oval. The nucleus is almost stellar and
surrounded by fairly bright matter, from which proceed two faint whorls
which form a nearly complete oval ring. The northern nebula is a small
spindle about 0.5 long. 49 s.n.

Described as a nebulosity 5' long attached on the s.p. side to a 6.2 magn. star.
An exposure of 1h 50m shows no trace of any nebulosity. 5 s.n.

A faint and very irregular patch of nebulosity 2:5 long, showing a number of
faint, almost stellar condensations. Not of the "diffuse" type, but, if a
spiral, is of exceedingly irregular form. 9 s.n.

1195 is very small, like a nebulous star. 48 s.n.

Bright center; elongated fainter extensions; 0.5 long; perhaps spiral.
Bright center; nearly round; 0:4 in diameter; no detail.

Spindle 1' long; no details visible, but probably an edgewise spiral.
An unusually interesting two-branched spiral of the p-type, 6′ x 3′ in p.a. 95°;
the whorls start abruptly from the extremities of straight extensions on each
side of the nucleus. Figure in Publ. Astr. Soc. of the Pacific, Oct. 1912.
Nucleus moderately large and bright; a few faint, almost stellar condensa-
tions. 16 s.n.

Rather faint, very patchy spiral 6′ x 1′ in p.a. 140°; no well marked nucleus. 1 s.n.
Nova Persei. The remarkable diffuse nebulosity which appeared about this star
in 1901, showing movement, has been the subject of many_speculations.
Illustrations are reproduced in Lick Obs. Bull., 1, 170, 1902. The matter of
this first outburst has since disappeared. A new outburst of nebulosity
was discovered visually by Barnard in December, 1916. This is a wide fan-
shaped mass proceding from the nova on the s.p. side; there is, in addition,
a faint ring of nebulosity about 16" in diameter surrounding the nova. No
certain evidence of movement in this nebulosity can be detected from the
Crossley plates in the interval between February 10, and November 20, 1917.
Cf. papers by Pease and Ritchey in Publ. Astr. Soc. Pac., 29, 256, 1917. 4 s.n.
Nearly round spiral 08 in diameter; strong nucleus; whorls faint.
Bright spindle 0.8 long in p.a. 15°; no whorls distinguishable.
Bright; nearly round; 0.6 in diameter; no whorls or structure discernible.
A moderately bright, small oval; 0.3 long; probably spiral.

027 in diameter, nearly round; center much brighter; no spiral structure dis-
cernible. 27 s.n.

An irregular spiral seen nearly edgewise; 3' x 0'5 in p.a. 0°. There is a faint nucleus; one whorl is quite bright and shows several condensations. A compact round spiral, 0:3 in diameter is 12' n.f. 8 s.n.

Diffuse, rather bright, irregular nebulosity of Pleiades type about 6' in extreme diameter. Several stars involved. Slight nebulosity also around a 10 magn. star 9.5 n.f. this nebula. 0 s.n.

Small, elongated, with bright round center; 1' long; perhaps spiral.

R. A. as given in the N. G. C. probably in error; no object in that place. Faint;
Saturn-shaped; 1′ long in p.a. 30°; much brighter center; probably spiral.

20 s.n.

DESCRIPTION—(Continued)

The Pleiades. L. O. Publ., Vol. VIII, Plate 8. 0 s.n.
Planetary. 2 s.n.

Discovered by Barnard (Sid. Mes., 5, 27, 1886). "Probably about long."
A very faint, long strip of diffuse nebulosity, 30′ long in its brighter por-
tion, 3' to 5' wide, elongated in 135°. Much fainter extensions bring the
total length to nearly a degree. 0 s.n.

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Planetary. 8 s.n.

A spiral of somewhat irregular shape, 5' in length. The nucleus is almost stellar; there are portions of short, strong whorls near the nucleus; on the periphery are two long, almost detached whorls; a wide band of faint nebulous matter runs across the center from one whorl to the other. A somewhat irregular -type spiral. 11 s.n.

Region of T Tauri and Hind's variable nebula. This object is small and ir-
regular, and has been uniformly of exceeding faintness on all plates taken
between 1899 and 1917. T Tauri has an interesting cone-shaped nebulous
wing, 4′′ long in p.a. 150°, which appears either to be variable, or to rotate
so as to be concealed at times. Cf. Publ. Astr. Soc. Pacific, 27, 242, 1915.
0 s.n.

Very faint; greatly elongated; about 6′ x 1' in p.a. 20°. An edgewise spiral
with evidence of absorption lane at one side of the median line. 1 s.n.
Very irregular and patchy mass of diffuse nebulosity about 5' in diameter.
Main portion somewhat resembles an . Exceedingly faint diffuse nebu-
losity about a tenth magn. star 12' n.f. 0 s.n.

Small, nearly round, irregular spiral, 0.7 in diameter.

Oval; 15 long; rather large, brighter nucleus; no discernible spiral structure. 31 s.n.

Small; round, almost stellar.

Narrow oval 0:5 long; perhaps spiral.

0:3 long; binuclear, or two almost stellar nebulae.

Very small; slightly elongated.

Very faint; diffuse; a number of stars involved; about 3′ in diameter. 0 s.n.
Faint edgewise spiral 2' long.

Slightly oval, 3′ long; a symmetrical, rather open spiral. Nucleus is bright and
almost stellar; whorls faint, showing numerous condensations. 8 s.n.
Somewhat elongated; center very bright and nearly round; 1' long; no evidence
of spiral form. 16 s.n.

A fine, rather open spiral, somewhat patchy. Nearly round; diameter about 17; nucleus bright and almost stellar. A very interesting spiral is 8′ n.f. 1642; diameter nearly 1'; somewhat resembles M. 51 in Canes Venatici, except that the satellite nebula is relatively much brighter than in M. 51. 36 s.n. Planetary. 3 s.n.

A rather faint p-type spiral; main portion about 15 long. 2 s.n.

Quite irregular; 5' over all. Two stars of tenth and twelfth magn. form the
nuclei; about each is diffuse nebulosity, showing some traces of spiral struc-
ture. Not a spiral nebula. O s.n.

1888 is 2' long; quite narrow; in p.a. 60°; an irregular spiral seen edgewise;
1889 is small, round, quite bright; almost stellar, nearly opposite the middle
of 1888 and 20" distant. A narrow edgewise spiral, 18 long, not noted
in the N. G. C. is 36* f., 4.5 n. See Abs. Eff. 8 s.n.
Planetary. 11 s.n.

Fairly bright diffuse nebulosity 3' long, involving a number of stars. A tenth
magn. star 4' south of this nebula has a fan-shaped nebulous appendage
extending to the south. 0 s.n.

Nova Aurigae. An exposure of 9h 30m on November 16-17, 1901, shows no evidence of exterior nebulosity. 0 s.n.

A very peculiar and interesting mass of diffuse nebulosity, 6' x 4'. The central part is vacant, giving the object the general appearance of a pear-shaped ring, rounded at the southern end and pointed at the northern end, which is directed approximately toward & Orionis, 27' distant. There are flamelike protuberances on each side at the north. Quite faint. 1 s.n.

A smaller mass of diffuse nebulosity, somewhat resembling I 423; 2.5 x 1'; the
sharper western end points to d Orionis, 24' distant.

The Crab Nebula in Taurus; Vol. VIII, Plate 9. Planetary? 0 s.n.
The Great Nebula in Orion; Vol. VIII, Plates 10 and 11. "Circumsitae nebulae
descriptio 'res Deo improba'" (D' Arrest.) 0 s.n.

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DESCRIPTION-(Continued)

A wonderful mass of bright, diffuse nebulosity covering an area nearly 30' x 20'.
Vol. VIII, plate 12. 0 s.n.

Described in the N. G. C. as a very large nebula of the Merope type with e
Orionis at the n.p. end. It would seem that Herschel was here misled by
the radiance about the bright star, or that he observed the similar nebu-
losity, I 434, south of Orionis instead. Lord Rosse and D'Arrest were
unable to see. I find no trace of nebulosity in an exposure of 2". 0 s.n.
A mass of rather faint diffuse nebulosity about a star of magn. 8.6; 4′ long.
Moderately bright diffuse nebulosity of the Pleiades type, filling an area about
6' x 3' at the southeast of a star of magn. 8.4.

Planetary. 0 s.n.

This is one of the most wonderful regions of the sky; it is too large to be recorded on a single Crossley plate, but the portion involving I 434 and 2023 is reproduced in figure 5. At the north, beyond the edge of the illustration, is Orionis, to the east of which lies the beautiful mass of diffuse nebulosity, 2024. This is shown in Vol. VIII, Plate 13; it covers an area about 20' x 16'; shows a wealth of structural detail, and is divided into two irregular masses by a wide, irregular, dark lane. I 434 is a line of rather faint diffuse nebulosity extending for fully 60' south from Orionis, in p.a. about 175°; it bends somewhat to the east at a point about 10' s. of and the halation effects about the bright star make it difficult to say whether the ray actually reaches . On the west of the ray is very faint nebulosity and numerous faint stars; to the east of it practically none. 2023 is a mass of bright, irregular, diffuse nebulosity about 6' x 4', surrounding a star of magn. 9; it shows a number of sinuous dark lanes, of which one on the eastern side is very clear-cut, and suggests absorbing matter. Further east is I 435, a similar, but smaller and somewhat fainter mass of diffuse nebulosity, 3' in diameter, surrounding a star of magn. 8.5. But the most remarkable feature of the region is a dark bay which juts into and bifurcates I 434 at a point about 30' s. of . This is 5' wide and 4' deep, like an inkblot except for a faint wisp in its northern portion, and as clear-cut and sharp as a knife-scratch on its western and southern edges; a beautiful example of a "dark nebula." 0 s.n.

Large, fairly bright; exceedingly irregular, with curious loops; many stars involved. Made with the D. O. Mills Reflector at Santiago, Chile.

Vol VIII, Plate 14. A mass of rather irregular, fairly bright, diffuse nebulosity,
whose brighter portion is 6' x 4', involving two tenth magn. stars. Two
fainter patches lie 6' west, apparently separated from the main mass by
a wide lane of dark matter; the southerly one of these is 2064, and the
northern one 2067. 0 s.n.

Moderately bright diffuse nebulosity of the Pleiades type, 4′ square, surround-
ing two stars of magnitudes 10 and 14.
Planetary. 1 s.n.

Described by Wolf, A. N., 3130, as 1° long and 10' wide. Could see no nebulosity
visually in this region, and secured no trace in an exposure of 1h 32m; prob-
ably to be recorded only in very long exposures. 0 s.n.

Fairly bright, 4.5 x 1' in p.a. 147°. Bifid; an irregular spiral seen edgewise, with a rather wide, somewhat irregular dark lane down the center to the south of the faint, almost stellar nucleus. See Abs. Eff. 3 s.n.

2174 and 2175 are simply brighter portions in a very large mass of diffuse nebulosity, nearly square in general outline, 22' long; roughly central about a star of magn. 8. The brightest patch is that about B.D. +20°, 1288, and is comet-shaped. Another patch of fainter matter is about B. D. +20°, 1293. The large nebula shows much delicate structure, with curious, sharply defined rifts and lanes. 0 s.n.

Planetary. 5 s.n.

Planetary. 1 s.n.

Cluster and nebula in Monoceros. An area nearly a degree square is filled with very irregular diffuse nebulosity; some curious rifts in northeast portion. Barnard, A. N., 122, 253, 1889, gives a drawing from visual observations, depicting the main portion as a ring 40' in diameter; the negative shows but little resemblance to the drawing. Swift's nebula, 2237, is a brighter patch in this region. Some of the brightest patches of nebulosity are around the central bright stars of the cluster. O s.n.

A star of magn. 9.5 surrounded by an irregular mass of diffuse nebulosity; the brighter parts are 2' x 13; exceedingly faint extensions make the total diameter about 4'. The brighter matter is arranged in two lobes on either side of the star along an axis in p.a. 175°. Shows a slight resemblance to the planetary form. The object lies in a large vacant area about 15' in diameter; the cutting off of the fainter stars is quite marked. 0 s.n.

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DESCRIPTION-(Continued)

Bright fan-shaped mass extending to s. from an apparently stellar nucleus; there is a bright wisp n. of the nucleus, and separated from it by a narrow lane. About 5' x 3' in size; but little structural detail. O s.n.

Diffuse nebulosity of Pleiades type filling a space about 3' square about a star of magn. 8.5; it lies in a large vacant area. A similar object, of the same type and size, not given in the N.G.C., is at 6h 25m7, +10° 31'.

Bright, fan-shaped mass extending to n. from a nucleus of magn. 11; about
2'x 1'; shows considerable structural detail. Hubbell, Aph. Jour., 44, 190,
1916, shows illustrations, indicating changes of form in less than eight years.
Vol. VIII, Plate 16. Nebula near 15 Monocerotis. A very interesting region.
The brighter portion is about 10′ in diameter, fairly bright, and shows a
number of irregular lanes and one clear-cut "bay" on the north which
strongly suggests dark matter. There are much fainter patches north and
south of the main body. The nebula lies in a well-marked rift about 20'
wide and at least a degree long, extending across the plate in p.a. 20°; the
cutting off of the fainter stars is very noticeable. 0 s.n

A large, very coarse and sparse cluster, about 25' in diameter. O s.n.
Vol. VIII, Plate 16. Moderately bright diffuse nebulosity filling, with its
fainter extensions, an area nearly 16′ in diameter, surrounding a 7.3 magn.
star. A wide, irregular, dark lane crosses it from east to west. 0 s.n.
An exceedingly faint mass of diffuse nebulosity about 7' in diameter; looped or
falcated structure. 0 s.n.

A very irregular mass of spiral type nebulosity filling an area about 6' x 3'.
Numerous almost stellar condensations. Rather faint. 40 s.n.
Planetary. 10 s.n.

Described as a stellar planetary. Search with the slitless spectroscope showed
no object of planetary type in this region.
Planetary. 0 s.n.

Vol. VIII, Plate 17. A bright, beautiful spiral 16' x 10'. No nucleus apparent;
many almost stellar condensations; of the general type of M. 33. 7 s.n.
2437 is a very large, bright, sparse cluster about 25' in diameter, in which is
involved the planetary nebula 2438. 0 s.n.

Planetary. 0 s.n.

Planetary. 0 s.n.

An exceedingly faint, open, irregular spiral about 16 in diameter. There is a very faint stellar nucleus, and a number of almost stellar condensations.

1 s.n.

A small, slightly oval spiral 12 long, with a faint satellite nebula as in M. 51. 59 s.n.

A spiral 1' in length; sharp stellar nucleus. The main whorls are of an S shape,
with fainter whorls outside.

Discovered by Lohse, and noted in the N. G. C. as "Two neb, F, L, R, gbM,
Δα Ξ
= 429 These are small and inconspicuous objects, and scarcely war-
rant the N. G. C. description. The s.p. object is an exceedingly faint spiral
perhaps 1' long; the n.f. nebula is very small and faint, with an almost
stellar nucleus; no spiral structure discernible. 4 s.n.

A fine, nearly round spiral 15 in diameter; moderately bright. It has a sharp
stellar nucleus; the whorls are rather open, and show a number of almost
stellar condensations. 22 s.n.

This is not a cluster, as described in the N. G. C., but a bright, irregular spiral, 57" x 44" in p.a. 167°. There is no true nucleus; a line of bright matter extends along the major axis to the s. It is perhaps a spiral consisting of a single whorl, obliterated at the southern end by occulting matter; this whorl gives it the appearance of an oval ring. It is astonishingly like a planetary in its general form, but observations by Messrs. Campbell and Paddock with the 36-inch refractor have shown that its spectrum is continuous. Very bright; the brightest part is a condensation on the northwest edge, which shows well in a 2m exposure. See Figure 6. 26 s.n. 3 A very narrow spindle 5' long in p.a. 17°. An edgewise spiral; the faint nucleus is displaced to one side, and there is evidence of an absorbing lane.

2359

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23712 7 19.3 23725 II 2189

7 19.5

+29 41 +9 7

2392 2403

7 23.3
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+21 7
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-14

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2440

7 37.5

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