more. To be filled by the feast of St. Bartholomew. The shew of Prises ar to be seen in Cheapside, at the sign of the Queenes armes, the house of Mr. Dericke, Goldsmith, Servant to the Queen. Some >ther Orders about it in 1567-8. Printed y Hen. Bynneman."

This is the earliest lottery of which we have any account. According to Stow, It was begun to be drawn at the west door of St. Paul's cathedral, on the 11th of January, 1569, (11th of Elizabeth,) and continued incessantly drawing, day and night, till the 6th of May following.* It was at first intended to have been drawn "at the house of Mr. Dericke," who was the queen's jeweller. "Whether," says Maitland, "this lottery was on account of the public, or the selfish views of private persons, my author does not mention; but 'tis evident, by the time it took up in drawing, it must have been of great concern. This I have remarked as being the first of the kind I read in England." Maitland does not seem to have been acquainted with Dr. Rawlinson's communication of the printed Proposal" for it to the society of Antiquaries, which, as it states that the "commodities," or profits, arising therefrom were to be appropriated to the "reparations of the havens and strength of the realme," obviates all doubt as to its being " on account of the public."

In 1586, 28th of the reign of Elizabeth, "A Lotterie, for marvellous rich and beautifull armor, was begunne to be drawn at London, in S. Paules churchyard, at the great west gate, (an house of timber and boord being there erected for that purpose,) on St. Peter's day in the morning, which lotterie continued in drawing day and night for the space of two or three daies."§ Of this lottery it is said, in lord Burghley's Diary, at the end of Murden's State papers, "June, 1586, the lottery of armour under the charge of John Calthorp determined."|| This is the second English lottery of which mention has been made.

of charitable gifts to the corporation of Reading, that a lottery was held in that town. "Whereas at a Lottery held within the Borough of Reading, in the Year o our Ld. God 1619, Gabriel Barber Gent. Agent in the sd. Lottery for the Councell & Company of Virginia of his own good Will & Charity towarde poor Tradesmen ffreemen & Inhabitants of the sd. Borough of Reading, & for the better enabling such poor Tradesmen to support & bear their Charges in their several Places & Callings in the sd. Corporation from time to time for ever freely gave & delivered to the Mayor & Burgesses of this Corporation the Sum of forty Pounds of lawfull Money of England Upon Special Trust & Confidence, that the sd. Mayor & Burgesses & their Successors shall from time to time for ever dispose & lend these 401 to & amongst Six poor Tradesmen after the rate of 061. 13s. 4d. to each Man for the Term of five Years gratis And after those five Years ended to dispose & lend the sd. 401. by Such Soms to Six other poor Tradesmen for other five Years & so from five years to five years Successively upon good Security for ever Neverthelesse provided & upon Condition that none of those to whom the sd. Summs of mony shall be lent during that Term of five years shall keep either Inn or Tavern or dwell forth of the sd. Borough, but there during that time and terme, shall as other Inhabitants of the sd. Borough reside & dwell.

"Memorand. that the sd. Sum of 401. came not into the hands & charge of the Mayor & Burgesses until April 1626."

This extract was communicated to the "Gentleman's Magazine" in 1778, by a correspondent, who, referring to this gift of "Gabriel Barber, gent., agent in the said lottery," says, "If it be asked what is become of it now? gone, it is supposed, where the chickens went before during the pious protestorship of Cromwell."

In 1630, 6th Charles I., there was a project "for the conveying of certain springs of water into London and Westminster, from within a mile and a ha.f of Hodsdon, in Hertfordshire, by the undertakers, Sir Edward Stradling and John Lyde." The author of this project was one Michael Parker. "For defraying the expences whereof, king Charles grants them a special license to erect and publish a lottery or lotteries; according " says

through any of his parks, chases, lands, &c., and to dig up the same gratis."*

It 1653, during the commonwealth, there was a lottery at Grocers' Hall, which appears to have escaped the observation of the inquirers concerning this species of adventure. It is noticed in an old weekly newspaper, called "Perfect Account of the Daily Intelligence 16-23 November 1653," by the following

Under Charles II., the crown, with a view to reward its adherents who resided within the bills of mortality, and had served it with fidelity during the interregnum, granted "Plate Lotteries;" by which is to be understood a gift of plate from the crown, to be disposed of in that manner as prizes, with permission to sell tickets. According to the Gazette, in April 1669, Charles II, the duke of York, (afterwards James II.,) and many of the nobility were present "at the grand plate lottery, which, by his majesty's command, was then opened at the sign of the Mermaid over against the mews." This was the origin of endless schemes, under the titles of "Royal Oak," "Twelve-penny Lotteries," &c., which will be adverted to presently. They may be further understood by an intimation, published soon after the drawing sanctioned by the royal visitors, in these words, "This is to give notice, that any persons who are desirous to farm any of the counties within the kingdom of England or dominion of Wales, in order to the setting up of a plate lottery, or any other lottery whatsoever, may repair to the lottery office, at Mr. Philips's house, in Mermaid-court over against the mews; where they may contract with the trustees commissioned by his majesty's letters patent for the management of the said patent, on the behalf of the truly loyal,

W. Tibbs.

indigent officers." In those times, the crown exceeded its prerogative by issuing these patents, and the law was not put in motion to question them.

Book Lotteries.

During the reign of Charles II. lotteries were drawn at the theatres. At Verestreet theatre, which stood in Bear-yard, to which there is an entrance through a passage at the south-west corner of Lincolns'-inn-fields, another from Vere-street, and a third from Clare-market, Killigrew's company performed during the seasons of 1661 and 1662, and part of 1663, when they removed to the new built theatre in Drury-lane; and the Verestreet theatre was probably unoccupied until Mr. Ogilby, the author of the now useless, though then useful "Itinerarium Angliæ, or Book of Roads," adopted it, as standing in a popular neighbourhood, for the temporary purpose of drawing a lottery of books, which took place in

1668.

Books were often the species of property held out as a lure to adventurers, by way of lottery, for the benefit of the suffering loyalists. Among these, Blome's Recreations, and Gwillim's Heraldry, fi st edition, may be mentioned. In the Ga

* Anderson's History of Commerce. Malcolm's Manners.

zette of May 18, 1668, is the following advertisement: "Mr. Ogilby's lottery of Dooks opens on Monday the 25th instant, at the old Theatre between Lincoln'sinn-fields and Vere-street; where all persons concerned may repair on Monday, May 18, and see the volumes, and put in their money." On May 25th is announced, "Mr. Ogilby's lottery of books (adventurers coming in so fast that they cannot in so short time be methodically registered) opens not till Tuesday the 2d of June; then not failing to draw; at the old Theatre between Lincoln's-inn-fields and Vere-street."

A correspondent, under the signature of "A Bibliographer," communicates to the "Gentleman's Magazine," from whence the notice respecting these book lotteries is extracted, one of Ogilby's Proposals as a curiosity, in which light it is certainly to be regarded, and therefore it has a place here, as follows:

A SECOND PROPOSAL, by the author, for the better and more speedy vendition of several volumes, (his own works,) by the way of a standing Lottery, licensed by his royal highness the duke of York, and assistants of the corporation of the royal fishing.

WHEREAS John Ogilby, esq., erected a standing lottery of books, and completey furnished the same with very large, fair, and special volumes, all of his own designment and composure, at vast expense, labour, and study of twenty years; the like impressions never before exhibited in the English tongue. Which, according to the appointed time, on the 10th of May, 1665, opened; and to the general satisfaction of the adventurers, with no less hopes of a clear despatch and fair advantage to the author, was several days in drawing: when its proceedings were stopt by the then growing sickness, and lay discontinued under the arrest of that common calamity, till the next year's more violent and sudden visitation, the late dreadful and surprising conflagration, swallowed the remainder, being two parts of three, to the value of three thousand pounds and upward, in that unimaginable deluge. Therefore, to repair in some manner his SO much commiserated losses, by the advice of many his patrons, friends, and especially by the incitations of his former adventurers, he resolves, and hath already prepared, not only to reprint all his own former editions,

but others that are new, of equal value and like estimation by their embellish ments, and never yet published; with some remains of the first impressions, relics preserved in several hands from the fire; to set up a second standing lottery, where such the discrimination of fortune shall be, that few or none shall return with a dissatisfying chance. The whole draught being of greater advantage by much (to the adventurers) than the former. And accordingly, after publication, the author opened his office, where they might put in their first encouragements, (viz.) twenty shillings, and twenty more at the reception of their fortune, and also see those several magnificent volumes, which their varied fortune (none being bad) should present them.

But, the author now finding more difficulty than he expected, since many of his promisers (who also received great store of tickets to dispose of, towards promotion of his business) though seeming well resolved and very willing, yet straining courtesy not to go foremost in paying their monies, linger out, driving it off till near the time appointed for drawing; which dilatoriness: (since despatch is the sou! and life to his proposal, his only advantage a speedy vendition :) and also observing how that a money dearth, a silver famine, slackens and cools the courage of adventurers; through which hazy humours magnifying medium shillings loome like crowns, and each forty shillings a ten pound heap. Therefore, according to the present humour now reigning, he intens to adequate his design; and this seeming too large-roomed, standing lottery, new modelled into many less and more likely to be taken tenements, which shall not open only a larger prospect of pleasing hopes, but more real advantage to the adventurer. Which are now to be disposed of thus: the whole mass of books or volumes, being the same without addition or diminution, amounting according to their known value (being the prices they have been usually disposed at) to thirteen

"Whereas some give out that they could never receive their books after they were drawn in the first lottery, the author declares, and it will be attested, that of seven hundred prizes that were drawn, ther were not six remaining Prizes that suffered with his in the fire; for the drawing being on the 10th of May 1665, the office did then continue open for the delivery of the same (though the contagion much raged) until the latter end of July following; and opened again, to attend the delivery, in April, 1666, whither per sons repaired daily for their prizes, and continued open until the fire."

thousand seven hundred pounds; so that the adventurers will have the above said volumes (if all are drawn) for less than two thirds of what they would yield in process of time, book by book. He now resolves to attemper, or mingle each prize with four allaying blanks; so bringing down, by this means, the market from double pounds to single crowns.

THE PROPOSITIONS.-First, whosoever will be pleased to put in five shillings shall draw a lot, his fortune to receive the greatest or meanest prize,or throw away his intended spending money on a blank. Secondly, whoever will adventure deeper, putting in twenty-five shillings, shall receive, if such his bad fortune be that he draws all blanks, a prize presented to himn by the author of more value than his money (if offered to be sold) though proffered ware, &c. Thirdly, who thinks fit to put in for eight lots forty shillings shall receive nine, and the advantage of their free choice (if all blanks) of either of the works complete, viz. Homer's Iliads and Odysses, or Æsop the first and second volumes, the China book, or Virgil. Of which,

The first and greatest Prize contains
1 Lot, Number 1.

An imperial Bible with Chorographical and an hundred historical sculps, valued at.... 25/ Virgil translated, with sculps and annotations, val.

51. Homer's Iliads, adorned with sculps, val. . . 5. Homer's Odysses, adorned with sculps, val. 47. Esop's Fables paraphrased and sculped, in folio, val...

.34.

A second Collection of Æsopick Fables, adorned with sculps, never

[Imperfect.]

1 Lot, Num. 11. One royal Bible with all the sculps, val... 10. 91. And a Homer's Works complete, val..... In all 19 Pound.

1 Lot, Num. 12. One royal Bible with all the sculps, val... 107. And both the Æsops, val..... 61 In all 16 Pound.

1 Lot, Num. 13. One royal Bible with all the sculps, val... 107. 51. A Virgil complete in English, val. In all 15 Pound.

1 Lot, Num. 14. One royal Bible with all the sculps, val... 10. 41. A Description of China, val..

In all 14 Pound.

One royal Bible with all the sculps, val. . . 107. The second volume of Æsop, val...

31. In all 13 Pound.

1 Lot, Num. 17. One royal Bible with all the sculps, val... 10/ 21 And an Entertainment, val..... In all 12 Pound

One royal Bible with all the sculps. wal... 107.

One royal Bible with Chorograp,

1 Lot, Num. 18.

1 Lot, Num. 19.

sculps,

107.

91.

One Virgil complete, val...

5/ 51.

In all 10 Pound.

57.

1 Lot, Num. 20.

Virgil translated, with sculps and annotations, val.

The first and second vol. of Esop, val. 61.
The Description of China, val..
Entertainment, val.

One royal Bible with Chorographical sculps,

...

41. 21.

In all 36 Pound.

In all 10 Pound

1 Lot, Num. 24.

6.

In all 11 Pound.

The certain day of drawing, the author promiseth (though but half full) to be the twenty-third of May next. Therefore all persons that are willing to adventure, are desired to bring or send in their monies with their names, or what other inscription or motto they will, by which to know

val.

And Esop the first volume, val.

51.

31.

In all 8 Pound.

1 Lot, Num. 25.

A royal Bible with Chorographical sculps, val.

51.

31.

In all 8 Pound.

And Æsop the second volume, val...

1 Lot, Num. 26.

being Whitson-eve, that the author may have time to put up the lots and inscriptions into their respective boxes.

The whole number of the lots three thousand, three hundred, and sixty-eight. The number of the blanks as above ordered; so that the total received is but four thousand, one hundred, and ten pounds.

The office where their monies are to be paid in, and they receive their tickets, and where the several volumes or prizes may be daily seen, (by which visual speculation understanding their real worth better then by the ear or a printed paper,) is kept at the Black Boy, over against St. Dunstan's

wherein each adventurer of a guinea is sure of a prize of two pound value; and it is but four to one that he has a prize of three, six, eight, twelve, or fifty pounds, as appears by the following proposals :" one thousand five hundred lots, at 17. Is. each, to be drawn with the lots out of two glasses, superintended by John Lilly and Edward Darrel, esqrs., Mr.DeputyCollins, and Mr. William Proctor, stationer, two lots of 501., ten of 12., twenty of 87., sixty-eight of 6., two hundred of 31., one thousand two hundred of 31. The undertakers were: Thomas Leigh, and D. Midwinter, at the Rose and Crown, in St. Paul's Church-yard; Mr. Aylmer, at the Three Pigeons, and Mr. Richard Parker, under the Piazza of the Royal Exchange; Mr. Nicholson, in Little Britain; Mr. Took, at the Middle Temple gate, Fleet-street; Mr. Brown, at the Black Swan, without Temple-bar; Mr. Sare, at Gray's-inn gate; Mr. Lownds, at the Savoy gate; Mr. Castle, near Scotland-yard gate; and Mr. Gillyflower, in Westminster-hall, booksellers.

Letters patent in behalf of the loyalists were from time to time renewed, and, from the Gazette of October 11, 1675, it appears by those dated June 19, and December 17, 1674, there were granted for thirteen years to come, "all lotteries whatsoever, invented or to be invented, to several truly loyal and indigent officers,