by the great strike of miners in the anthracite region. (See STRIKE OF THE COAL-MINERS.)

About 70 per cent. of the entire coke product of the country is credited to Pennsylvania, which, in 1901, produced 14,355,917 short tons, an increase of nearly 1,000,000 tons over 1900.

Charities and Corrections.-On Sept. 30, 1901, the number of insane under commitment was 11,748, of whom 6,121 were men and 5,627 women. At the corresponding date in 1900, the aggregate number of insane in all institutions in Pennsylvania was 11,249, an increase of 499. The private institutions and sanitariums contained 729 patients at the close of the year, 290 of whom were men and 439 women. Of the insane persons, in all classes of institutions, on Sept. 30, 1901, 11,380 were white and 368 colored.

The number of convicts in the penitentiaries Oct. 1, 1900, was 1,911; to which were added in the year 724, being 29 more than the commitments of the previous year. Number discharged, 1,040; leaving on Sept. 30, 1901, 1,595, being 316 fewer than at the corresponding date of the previous year. The number of juvenile delinquents residing in the reformatories on Sept. 30, 1901, was 1,459, a decrease of 94 from the number at the corresponding date of the previous year. Of the 724 convicts sentenced to the penitentiaries in 1901, 518 were convicted of crimes against property, and 206 of crimes against persons.

Lawlessness.-Besides the numerous acts and outbreaks of lawless violence during the coal strike of 1902, other deeds of lawlessness were reported. At the end of January 2 murderers, under sentence of death, escaped from the jail at Pittsburg by overpowering and wounding the guards. They were assisted in escaping by the wife of the warden, who fled with them, and was herself injured, by the officers who killed the convicts while they were resisting recapture.

At Chester, in February, a mob attacked the police station in an attempt to lynch a negro who had killed a policeman. The attack of the mob was repelled by the police.

In June a mob at Harrisburg stoned the police and aided a negro prisoner to escape from their custody.

A desperate attempt to lynch a prisoner by a mob in Butler County, on Sept. 13, was foiled by officers of the law, who repelled the mob's attack upon the jail.

In September riots occurred at Lebanon, growing out of labor troubles, and it required the presence of militia to quell the disturbances.

Mining Disaster.--More than 100 men lost their lives in July at Johnstown, through an explosion in the mine where they were at work. The explosion was caused by fire-damp, and all but a few of the deaths were due to effects of the after-damp.

The New Capitol. The contract for building the new State Capitol has been executed, and ground was broken in November. The cost agreed upon was $3,505,656.

Political. The Republican State Convention, which met in Harrisburg, June 11, nominated for Governor Samuel W. Pennypacker, of Philadel phia, whose chief competitor for the nomination was John P. Elkin, Attorney-General of the State. The other State officers nominated were William M. Brown for Lieutenant-Governor and I. B. Brown for Secretary of Internal Affairs. The platform declared hearty approval and support of President Roosevelt, and pledged the convention to his nomination in 1904: it favored immigration laws whereby anarchy shall be driven from this country and the American working man be pro

tected against unfair labor from abroad; and it approved the recommendation of President Roosevelt that the United States should enter into reciprocal trade relations with Cuba. The Philippine policy of the Government was strongly commended; adherence to the protective policy was demanded "in so far as it protects and tends to develop the industries and interests of the American people"; and the convention recommended "proceedings to check the growth of unlawful combinations intended to raise the price of commodities at the expense of the consumer."

The State Convention of the Democrats was held in Erie, June 25. Robert E. Pattison, who twice since 1883 had been elected to the office, was nominated for Governor, George W. Guthrie for Lieutenant-Governor, and James Nolan for Secretary of Internal Affairs. The platform was restricted to State issues, ignoring all national questions. Honesty in administration, deliverance of the State from the evils of lobbying, bribery, corrupt franchises, "pinch" legislation for blackmailing, etc., was promised in the event of Democratic success. The conduct of the Republicans while in recent control of the State was severely denounced, and the charge was made that "the selection of a United States Senator (at the session of the Legislature in 1901) was accomplished in a carnival of corruption and bribery.” The candidate of the Socialist-Labor Party for Governor was William Adams, the Prohibitionists nominated S. C. Swallow, and there were other minor tickets in the field. The tickets nominated by the Union party at rival factional conventions were both declared invalid by a legal decision. Owing to lack of campaign funds the chairman of the State Committee of the People's party announced, on Sept. 30, the withdrawal of that party's ticket.

At the November election Judge Pennypacker was elected Governor by a plurality of 156,410, and the other Republican candidates received large majorities, while a Legislature was elected with 144 Republican majority on joint ballot. Three-fourths of the congressional delegation elected are Republicans.

A commission appointed by the Legislature of 1901 to compute the vote cast at the November election of that year for State Treasurer announced in January, 1902, that Frank G. Harris was elected to that office by a vote of 435,040 and a plurality of 45,570 over E. A. Coray, the Fusion nominee. Mr. Harris assumed office the first Monday in May, 1902, to serve for two years.

A noteworthy event was the retirement, at the close of the last Congress, of the venerable Galusha A. Grow, of Pennsylvania, at the age of seventynine, after a public career of more than half a century. In the early days of the civil war he served with success as Speaker of the House. The first important bill drawn by him was the freehomestead act giving land to actual settlers of Government territory. He retired from Congres in 1863, and was returned to the House thirty years afterward as Congressman at Large, and in this capacity has served his State for ten years.

RHODE ISLAND, a New England State, one of the original thirteen, ratified the Constitution May 29, 1790; area, 1,250 square miles. The popu lation, according to each decennial census, was 68,825 in 1790; 69,122 in 1800; 76,931 in 1810; 83,015 in 1820; 97,199 in 1830; 108.830 in 1840. 147.545 in 1850; 174,620 in 1860: 217,353 in 1570; 276.531 in 1880; 345,506 in 1890; and 428,556 ʼn 1900. Capital, Providence.

Government.-The following were the State officers in 1902: Governor, Charles Dean Kimbali,

Lieutenant-Governor, George L. Shepley; Secretary of State, Charles P. Bennett; General Treasurer, Walter A. Reed; Attorney-General, Charles F. Stearns; Auditor and Insurance Commissioner, Charles C. Gray; Commissioner of Education, Thomas B. Stockwell; Adjutant-General, Frederick M. Sackett; Railroad Commissioner, E. L. Freeman; Commissioner of Industrial Statistics, Henry E. Tiepke; Record Commissioner, R. Hammett Tilley; Factory Inspectors, J. Ellery Hudson, Helen M. Jenks; Surgeon-General, George H. Kenyon; Inspector of Beef and Pork, James R. Chase; Inspector of Lime, Herbert Harris; Commissioners of Sinking-Funds, John W. Danielson and Henry B. Metcalf; Inspector of Cables, S. B. Hoxsie, Jr.; Inspector of Scythe Stones, W. H. Comstock; Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, John H. Stiness; Associate Justices, Pardon E. Tillinghast, George A. Wilbur, Horatio Rogers, W. W. Douglas, Edward C. Dubois, and John T. Blodgett; Clerk, B. S. Blaisdell. All the State officers are Republicans.

Charles Dean Kimball, elected Lieutenant-Governor, succeeded Gov. William Gregory, who died on Dec. 16, 1901. George L. Shepley, having duly qualified as the Deputy Chief Executive of the State, took the oath of office as Lieutenant-Governor on Feb. 18.

The State officers are elected annually in November, the term beginning in the following January. The Legislature holds annual sessions, beginning in January. The length of the sessions is not limited, but the legislators can draw pay for only sixty days.

Legislative Session. On the last day prior to the recess, April 4, the following laws were passed: A ten-hour law for street-railway employees, a free transfer-ticket act, a fifty-eight-hour law for women and children.

A law was passed providing for the building of State roads, and in pursuance thereof the State Board of Public Roads was organized on April 16. The "merger " bill was passed, creating the Rhode Island Company, which is expected to acquire and control the local traction, gas, and electric lighting corporations.

The divorce law, as amended by the General Assembly, went into effect on July 1. It requires of petitioners a domicile in the State of more than two years, instead of one year as before, and contains several other provisions tending to render divorces more difficult.

Amendments of the Constitution were submitted to the electors, the most important of which were Article XII, relieving the Governor and Secretary of State, respectively, from the duty of presiding over and keeping the records of the Senate, and Article XIII, securing to the minority party in the city of Providence a representation in the Legislature through the election of Assemblymen by wards or voting districts, in the same manner that aldermen or councilmen are chosen. These artiticles were defeated at the November election.

Judicial Decision.-One of the most important opinions from the United States Circuit Court for the district of Rhode Island in recent years was given by Judge Arthur L. Brown on the subject of the condemnation of lands in the town of Jamestown for Government purposes. The plaintiffs, James W. Newlin and Annie Ruff, owned neither the land taken by the United States nor the land adjoining it. But as the restrictive provision of the deeds of land in the Ocean island plat (including their lands and the lands appropriated for military purposes) forbade the location of any slaughter-house, forge, places for selling or compounding liquors, etc., on the plat, they con

a use as the United States intends to make of the lands. "There is a clear distinction," he said, "between injurious acts done by private individuals for their own benefit and working injurious consequences, and acts, perhaps equally injurious, done for a public purpose in the execution of a public duty."

LUCIUS F. C. GARVIN, GOVERNOR OF RHODE ISLAND.

Industries.-The Providence Ice Company, which was organized over a year ago, and which took up the active operation of the majority of the ice interests in Providence about Jan. 1, has been absorbed by the New England Consolidated Ice Companies, the capitalization of which is $14,000,000. The new company is made up, to a considerable extent, of the same men who were identified with the organization of the Providence Ice Company.

The American Screw Company, of Providence, has absorbed the Massachusetts Screw Company, of Holyoke, Mass. The new plant will be removed to Providence and run in connection with the two large plants that the company already operate there. The producing capacity of the new plant will be at least 200,000 gross daily, though it is far smaller than either of the plants already in operation.

The largest foundry in the State is being erected by the Brown & Sharpe Manufacturing Company. The buildings will cover an area 380 by 380 feet. When the foundry is completed, 300men will be added to the 2,000 already employed.

The census report shows Providence to be first in jewelry, silverware, and screws, and second in worsted goods, oleomargarine, and files. The other towns of Rhode Island compare favorably in special industries among the leading manufacturing centers of the nation, Pawtucket ranking seventh and Warwick tenth in cotton goods, Attleboro fourth and North Attleboro fifth in jewelry.

Coal.-Coal was discovered at Phillipsdale, East Providence, some years ago. But the mine was neglected until the recent high price of coal made mining in this locality advisable. The mine has been proved to contain an abundance of good hard coal, and mining will be undertaken on an extensive scale as soon as the engine which has been erected has pumped out the water.

The Cranston coal-mine, which has been worked at intervals since 1864, is also about to be developed by the New England Briquette Coal Company, which has erected an extensive plant. All Rhode Island coal findings are said to develop better coal the deeper it is obtained from the surface.

Real Estate.-A summary of real-estate transactions in Providence and Pawtucket, based on the Providence City Hall records, reflects the general prosperity of the community. Conveyances show a gradual increase for the past five years, 1901 being 20 per cent. in excess of 1897. Real-estate mortgages, though fewer in number and amount in 1901 than in 1899, gain 5 per cent. in number and 11 per cent. in amount over 1898, and exceed those of 1900 by $50,000, excluding several trust mortgages recorded in that year. Discharges of real-estate mortgages show an increase of 14 per cent. in number and 30 per cent. in amount over 1893. Chattel mortgages were larger than in 1900, but were less than in 1898 by 20 per cent. in number and 22 per cent. in amount. There were 2,580 real-estate conveyances recorded in 1901. The total number recorded in 1900 was $2,375.

A total gain of $5,071,140 in the real and personal property valuation of Providence was reported by the tax assessors, whose labors for the year were completed Sept. 2. Of this total gain $3,177,920 was in real estate and $1,893,220 in personal property, a contrast to the valuation of 1901, in which there was a gain in real estate of $2,439,100, and a loss in personal property of $1,754,480.

Insurance. In his report for the year, dated Feb. 15, 1902, the Insurance Commissioner recommended the creation of the office of State fire marshal, and urged other reforms. The report gives a summary of the condition of Rhode Island stock companies, which shows that while their admitted assets have increased by $41,455, their liabilities have increased by $256,631, and their surplus shows a decrease of $215,176. The report shows that 60 per cent. of the total amount of premiums collected in the State from both fire and marine business last year was paid for losses. The report contains a statement of the condition of other insurance companies doing business in the State, showing a decided improvement over the figures of the preceding year for United States branches of foreign fire-insurance companies, the percentage of losses incurred to premiums received being materially reduced. The business of the mutual fire companies shows a decrease of $66,198,257 in the amount of risks written, $422,813 in the amount of premiums received, and an increase of losses incurred of $104,109. The business in the mutual fire companies of other States reporting shows an increase of more than 100 per cent. over the figures of 1900.

Education. The school census shows a material gain over the figures of 1901. The enumeration was as follows: Public schools, 25,207; Catholic schools, 4,569; select schools, 583; no school, 3,922; total enumeration, 34,922. This was a gain over 1901 of 4.8 per cent. The attendance showed a gain of 4.5 per cent. in the public schools, of 9.1 per cent. in the Catholic schools, and 21.7 per cent. in the select or private schools. The number attending no school was exactly the same in 1901, viz., 3,922.

The Rhode Island Institute of Instruction held its annual meeting in Providence, Oct. 23, 24, 25, and attracted more than the usual number of visitors from the New England and Atlantic States. The proceedings were of more than ordinary interest, the exhibit of educational methods being particularly important.

Brown University.-The opening of the academic year, Sept. 17, was marked by a large number of new courses of study, showing a wider range and broader selection in electives than heretofore; among them a new course in mineralogy, a course

of research work in economic problems, in which the laboratory method is applied to economies, a new course in Greek and Roman life, and several new courses in history and advanced German. Extensive additions were made during the summer to the equipment of the chemical laboratory. The entering class was the largest in the history of the institution.

The university received $100,000 from the estate of George L. Littlefield for the establishment of the George L. Littlefield professorship. All the estate, exceeding $500,000, was to go, after certain bequests were paid, to Brown University to establish a fund to be known as the George L. Littlefield fund.

At the beginning of the year John D. Rockefeller offered to give the college $75,000 for a building for social and religious purposes, provided $25,000 were raised before the next commencement. This sum having been collected, a suitable site on the university ground was selected for the building.

The university celebrated, June 17, the one hundredth anniversary of the graduation of Henry Wheaton, a native of Rhode Island, distinguished as a lawyer, author, diplomat, and writer on international law.

Rhode Island Hospital.-The deficiency account of the hospital stood at $110,815.07. This was the excess of the expenditure over the income since Sept. 30, 1880. The patients admitted in 1901-'02 numbered 3,282. The hospital received a bequest of $4,000 from the George L. Littlefield es

tate.

Harbors. By the river and harbor bill Rhode Island secured $100,000 for improving Point Judith harbor, $30,000 for a harbor of refuge at Block island, and $50,000 for Great Salt Pond harbor, Block island.

The work on the naval coaling station at Portsmouth Grove was so far advanced in December that it was expected to be in commission next summer. The framework for the great steel shed was already in place. The pier was built and used as a landing-place for material, and the work of putting on the T-head was in progress. Along this head there will be room for the largest and heaviest ships of the navy to be tied up.

Foot and Mouth Disease.-Immediate action was taken by the State Board of Agriculture, at a meeting on Nov. 23, to check the foot and mouth disease, which had suddenly made its appearance among the cattle, sheep, and hogs of northern Rhode Island. As the disease had established itself in a very virulent form, attacking whole herds, the board decided to take prompt measures for its extirpation, anticipating the next appropriation.

Political.-At the Democratic State Convention, in Providence, Oct. 4, the following nominations were made: For Governor, Lucius F. Garvin; Lieutenant-Governor, Adelard Archambault; Secretary of State, Frank E. Fitzsimmons; Attor ney-General, Dennis G. Holland: General Treas urer, Clark Potter. A State platform was alone recommended by the State convention, which left national issues to be taken up by the congressional convention that was to follow. The platform declared that the paramount issue was the re demption of the State of Rhode Island from the hands of those who have used, and still intend to use, the executive and legislative branches of the State government for their own personal aggran dizement"; that legislation "has been in the interest of the quasi-public corporations, and has gone so far as even to divide with these corporations the sovereign power of the State." It declared that the truest principles of government require

the initiation and referendum; demanded the abolishment of all property qualification for voting; home rule for cities and towns; municipal ownership of public utilities, street-railroad, electric and gas lighting plants; education by enforcement of the laws of compulsory education and providing of sufficient funds to allow every child eligible to attend school; equal taxation of corporate and private property, and the enforcement of the factory-inspection law. It opposed government by injunction and favored the election of Senators of the United States by the people. It censured the amendment to the Constitution, because it was a special law, appertaining solely to the city of Providence, but declared the readiness of the Democratic party to cooperate with the Republican party in giving the State a district representation, not only of the cities but of the towns.

At the Republican State Convention in Providence, Oct.. 9, these candidates were nominated: For Governor, Charles Dean Kimball; LieutenantGovernor, George L. Shepley; Secretary of State, Charles P. Bennett; Attorney-General, Charles F. Stearns; General Treasurer, Walter A. Read. The platform indorsed the administration of President Roosevelt, especially "his wise attitude with reference to our relations with the new republic of Cuba"; declared his record merits nomination for President in 1904; praised the army's work in the Philippines; reaffirmed the wisdom of the American protective system; called for summary treatment of evils growing out of trusts; said tariff readjustment should be left to a Republican Congress; commended the scheme of education and ultimate self-government established in the Philippines; and referred at length to what the party has done for the State. It commended to the electors the articles of amendment of the Constitution submitted to them by the Legislature, and accused the Democracy of opposing the articles, although conceding them to be meritorious. It approved the administration of Gov. Kimball and applauded "his action in calling to the assistance of the civil authorities the militia of the State for the protection of citizens and property from lawlessness and mob violence."

The Prohibitionists held their convention on Sept. 21, and nominated for Governor William E. Brightman; Lieutenant-Governor, Cyrus A. Aldrich; Secretary of State, William G. Lawton; Attorney-General, James A. Williams; General Treasurer, John W. P. King.

At the election, Nov. 5, the Democratic candidates for Governor and Lieutenant-Governor, Lucius F. C. Garvin and Adelard Archambault, were elected. Dr. Garvin's total vote was 32,279. His plurality over Gov. Kimball, who received 24,541 votes, was 7,738. The rest of the nominees for State offices on the Republican ticket were elected. The House remained Republican, with a decreased majority, 37 Republicans to 35 Democrats. The Senate contains 27 Republicans and 11 Demo

crats.

SOUTH CAROLINA, a Southern State, one of the original thirteen, ratified the Constitution May 23, 1788; area, 30.570 square miles. The population, according to each decennial census, was 247,073 in 1790; 345,591 in 1800; 415,115 in 1810; 502,741 in 1820; 581,185 in 1830; 594,398 in 1840; 668,507 in 1850; 703,708 in 1860; 705,606 in 1870; 995,577 in 1880; 1,151,149 in 1890; and 1,340,316 in 1900. Capital, Columbia.

Government.-The following were the State officers in 1902: Governor, Miles B. McSweeney; Lieutenant-Governor, J. H. Tillman; Secretary of State, Marion R. Cooper; Treasurer, R. H. Jennings; Comptroller, J. P. Derham; Attorney

General, G. Duncan Bellinger; Superintendent of Education, John J. McMahan; Adjutant-General, J. W. Floyd; Geologist, Earle Sloan; Directors of the Dispensary, Leon J. Williams, H. H. Evans, A. F. H. Dukes; Railroad Commission, J. C. Wilborn, chairman, and Messrs. Garris and Wharton; Liquor Commissioner, H. H. Crum; Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, Henry McIver; Associate Justices, Y. J. Pope, Eugene B. Gary, Ira B. Jones; Clerk, U. R. Brooks. All are Democrats.

The State officers are elected in November of the even-numbered years, for terms of two years. The Legislature meets annually in January; it consists of 41 Senators and 124 Representatives.

Finances. The Governor's message to the Legislature of 1903 gives the following as to financial conditions: The income to the State for the year ending Dec. 31 was not sufficient to meet its obligations. The Governor and the State Treasurer were forced to borrow the full amount of the $300,000 authorized by the last Legislature.

The following statement furnished by the State Treasurer shows the condition of the finances of the State at the close of the fiscal year, Dec. 31, 1902: The cash receipts for the fiscal year ending Dec. 31, 1902, were: Cash balance, Dec. 31, 1901, $237,743.25; back taxes, $1,601.12; general taxes, 1901, $693,023.22; general taxes, 1902, $325,709.51; railroad assessments for Railroad Commission, $7,468.45; income tax, $413.90; fees from office of Secretary of State, $12,160.02; incorporation fees, $70; annual insurance license fees, $12,150; graduated insurance license fees, $16,345.28; privilege fertilizer tax, $81,749.94; loans (borrowed on notes of Governor and Treasurer), $349,420.14; insurance sinking-fund, $4,385.25; State permanent school fund, $2.203.62; State special school fund (dispensary), $142,755.91; Morrill fund (from United States Government), $25,000; commissioners sinking-fund (ordinary) Loans returned, $33,860.75; interest on loans, $1,812.20; agent Sinking-Fund Commission, $11,106.49; sinking-fund reduction, $138.042.44; dispensary, South Carolina, $2,113,821.75; refunds, sundry accounts, $2,659.52; total, $4,214,402.76.

DUNCAN C. HEYWARD, GOVERNOR OF SOUTH CAROLINA.

The disbursements included: Legislative expenses, $44,255.47; educational and charitable institutions, $297,300.94; Colored Normal, Industrial, Agricultural, and Mechanical College, $29,617.93; pensions, $200,108.80; artificial limbs, $1,999.26; State permanent school fund, $2,247.05; State special school fund (dispensary), $82,224.73; public printing, $21,064.73; quarantining the State, $7,041.02; maintaining militia, $7,688.86; South Carolina Interstate and West Indian Exposition, $17,955.97; election expenses, $21,523.45; interest on public debt, $274.066.68. The total expenditures were $3,783,605.05; cash balance Dec. 31, 1902, $430,797.71.

Valuations.-The total valuations for assessment in 1902 were $195,537,061, of which $107,010,298 was real, $61,018,560 personal, and $27,508,203 railroad property. The total increase for the year is $6,203,952.

Education.-The number of illiterates in the State by the last census was 338,659. In the percentage of children from ten to fourteen able to read and write South Carolina stands fortyninth in the lists of States and Territories, with 70.44 per cent. The compulsory-education bill did not pass the Legislature. The average number of weeks of the school term in 38 out of 40 counties was twenty-one for the white and 14.27 for the colored schools. The average value of schoolhouses is $178. The average monthly salary of teachers is given as $25.78 for men and $24.29 for women.

In the session of 1901-'02 of South Carolina College 215 students were matriculated. Of these, 23 pursued the classical course, 47 the literary course, 33 the scientific course, 38 the normal course, 34 the special course, 32 the law course, 10 the graduate course. The men students numbered 186; women, 29.

The report of the Citadel Military Academy shows an enrolment of 129, with 36 graduates in June. The estimate for support for the year is $25.000.

The attendance at Clemson Agricultural College has grown from 350 in 1896 to 530 in 1902. In April 69 of the 74 members of the sophomore class left the college because their petition for the reinstatement of a classmate who had been suspended for breaking a rule was not granted. The dissatisfaction spread to other classes, and the trustees, after a hearing, reinstated the suspended student. The president then resigned, but the trustees voted not to accept the resignation. He did, however, retire, and the college year 1902-03 began with a new administration.

The State College for Colored Students, at Orangeburg, had an enrolment of 624 students. The estimated cost for the year 1902-03 is $23,320.27, of which the income covers $18,315.15, leaving only about $5,000 for the State to contribute; $5,000 more is needed to finish and equip the new building on which $5,000 has so far been spent.

In Winthrop Normal and Industrial College for Girls the number of officers, teachers, and assistants was 43, compared with 38 for the previous session, and the enrolment in the college, not including 90 pupils in the model school and kindergarten, was 456, against 372 for the previous year. The amount required for ordinary expenses is $63.539; tuition and other fees amount to $10,974, leaving more than $52,000 to be provided by the State.

Other colleges in the State sent out graduates as follow: Newberry, 11; Erskine, 11; Due West Female College, 26; Furman University, 14; Greenville Female College, 17.

The State Medical College gives 7 free scholarships to young men and women appointed by the Governor, one from each congressional district.

Charities and Corrections. In 1902 506 new patients were admitted to the State Insane Hospital; the daily average was 1,134, and the whole number under treatment 1,611. The institution is overcrowded.

At the State Penitentiary 183 new convicts were received, 194 were discharged, 30 were pardoned, 11 escaped, and 45 died. Dec. 31 there were remaining 701.

The total receipts, including balance, were $84,

069.21; the current expenses, $62,657.07; for permanent improvements, $4,300 was expended. The balance, Dec. 31, was $17,112.14, in addition to which $6,300 had been earned but not collected, and $12,000 worth of farm-products were on hand.

Militia. The numerical strength of the volunteer troops, including all branches of the service, rank and file, is 3,060, composed as follows: Three regiments of infantry, 1 regiment of cavalry, 1 company of artillery, and 3 divisions of naval

reserves.

The Dispensary. Of this institution the Governor says:

66

For the first time since the dispensary law was enacted it was not an issue in the political campaign for the governorship the past year, as all the candidates for Governor were pledged to its support and to the strict enforcement of the law. The greatest opposition to the system of State control of the sale of liquors is in the larger cities. As a result, there is illicit sale of liquor in these cities, and there will continue to be until public sentiment in these communities grows more strongly in favor of the dispensary system and jurors regard more sacredly their oath and convict persons who are proved guilty of the violation of the law. The business the past year has increased, which may be taken as an evidence that the people are becoming more in sympathy with the law, rather than that the consumption of whisky is increasing.

The amount to the credit of the school fund on Nov. 30, 1902, was $652,829.22, but not available, as it was in stock. The stock on hand Nov. 20 was: In county dispensaries, $406.195.05: in State dispensary, $324,328.12; total, $730,523.17. Under the act of the last Legislature requiring the directors to pay to the State Treasurer quarterly the profits to the credit of the school fund three payments have been made aggregating $92,755.91. The same act requires that the profits to the credit of the school fund carried as stock shall be reduced by semiannual payments to $400,000 by Jan. 1, 1904. Under this requirement $100,000 have been paid to the State Treasurer the past year. The following figures show the total net profits for the year ending Nov. 30. 1902, from the sale of liquor and beer: From whisky to towns and counties, $382.688.36; from beer to towns and counties, $60,515.40: total, $443,198.76; net profit to the State, $123,699.07; total net profit, $566.897.83."

In connection with the dispensary, the State has a claim against the Government for taxes alleged to have been illegally collected. The contention is that the Government can not tax the agencies of a State government.

Industries and Products.-According to the census reports of 1900, there were 155,355 farms in South Carolina, averaging 90 acres. The aver age farm of the white farmer was 145.7 acres, that of the negro farmer, 44.4 acres. There were 69.954 white farmers and 85,401 negro farmers; 31,120 whites owned their farms, and 15.503 ne groes could show titles for theirs; 2.934 white were part-owners, and so were 3.376 negroes: 386 whites were owners and tenants, as also were 91 negroes. There were 874 white managers et farms and 180 negro managers. The white cash tenants numbered 14.612, the negro casà tenants 42.434; the white share tenants were 14021 in number, the negro share tenants 2317 Fifty-five per cent of South Carolina's farmers

were negroes.

The total value of the farms was $153.591.154. of which $99,805,860 represented the value of land