1554. AN. REG. 2, the marriage were agreed on by the Queen's Commissioners, and is then suffered to advance as far as Brussels, upon condition that he should not pass over into England till the consummation of the marriage'. The interim he spends in managing a treaty of peace betwixt the Emperor and the French; which sorted to no other effect but only to the setting forth of his dexterity in all public businesses3. And now, the marriage being past, the Emperor is desired to give him leave to come for England; and Pole is called upon by letters from the King and Queen to make haste unto them, that they might have his presence and assistance in the following parliament; and in the mean time that they might advise upon such particulars as were to be agreed on for the honour and advantage of the see apostolic. Upon the Emperor's dismission he repairs to Calais, but was detained by cross winds till the 24th of November1; at which time we shall find the parliament sitting, and much of the business dispatched to his hand in in which he was to have been advised with. Changes among the Bishops. 4. The business then to be dispatched was of no small moment,―no less than the restoring of the Popes to the supremacy of which they had been dispossessed in the time of King Henry. For smoothing the way to which great work, it was thought necessary to fill up all episcopal sees which either death or deprivation had of late made vacant. Holgate, Archbishop of York, had been committed to the Tower on the 4th of October, anno 1553, from whence released upon Philip's intercession on the 18th of January: marriage and heresy are his crimes, for which deprived during the time of his imprisonments. Doctor Nicholas Heath succeeded him in 1 The Emperor and Gardiner apprehended great difficulties as to the reconciliation with Rome, unless the church-lands which had fallen into lay hands might be retained by the possessors; and the Cardinal was detained at Brussels for some time on account of negotiations with the Pope on this subject.-Lingard, vii. 176. 2 Qu. "served?" 3 In a letter from Dean Wotton, dated Melun, Dec. 23, 1553, it is said "I understand that Cardinal Pole had put [the French King and others] in a good hope that the said marriage [of Mary with Philip] should take none effect."-Tytler, Edw. and Mary, ii. 274. As Mr Tytler observes,-if this be true, we cannot wonder at the Emperor's behaviour to Pole. 4 Godwin, 181. (See p. 135). 5 Stow, 626.-The commission for expelling Holgate, Farrar, Bird, 1554. the see of York; and leaves the bishoprick of Worcester to AN. REG. 2, Doctor Richard Pates, who had been nominated by King Henry the Eighth, anno 15342; and, having spent the intervening twenty years in the court of Rome, returned a true servant to the Pope, every way fitted and instructed to advance that See. Goodrick of Ely left his life on the 10th of April 3, leaving that bishoprick to Doctor Thomas Thurlby, Bishop of Norwich, (one that knew how to stand his ground in the strongest tempest); and Doctor John Hopton, heretofore Chaplain and Comptroller of Queen Mary's household, when but Princess only, is made Bishop of Norwich1. Barlow of Wells, having abandoned that dignity which he could not hold, had for his successor Doctor Gilbert Bourn3, Archdeacon of London, and brother of Sir John Bourn, principal Secretary 41 of Estate-sufficiently recompensed by this preferment for the 211 great danger which he had incurred the year before, when the dagger was thrown at him as he preached in St Paul's churchyard. Harley of Hereford is succeeded by Purefew (otherwise called Wharton) of St Asaph; who had so miserably wasted the patrimony of the Church in the time of King Edward that it was hardly worth the keeping". For the same sins of Pro and Bush, is printed by Burnet, II. ii. 359; that against Taylor, 1 The Congé d'élire is dated Feb. 19, 1554-5. Godw. de Præsul. 2 Sup. i. 65, whence it will be seen that there is a misstatement 3 May 10. Godw. de Præs. 272; Strype, in Burnet, III. ii. 535. 5 The Congé d'élire is dated March 3, 1553-4. Ib. 388. 6 Sup. p. 92. (As to Bourne's Archdeaconry, see i. 85). 7 "Hospitalis episcopi gloriam affectans, tantam aluit familiam, ut cum quotidianis sumptibus reditus non suffecerint, necesse habuerit fundos episcopales in longissimum tempus, (quod nimirum adhuc non est elapsum), elocare; id quod episcopatum antea satis tenuem nunc reddidit pauperrimum."-Godwin, 642. "Cum [sedem Assavensem], prædiis episcopalibus divenditis, nequissimo spoliasset sacrilegio, in rei tam præclare gestæ præmium ad Herefordensem episcopatum a Maria regina provehitur."-Ibid. 494. But Richardson remarks, in a 1554. : AN. REG. 2, testantism and marriage, old Bush of Bristow and Bird of Chester1 (the two first Bishops of those Sees) were deprived also the first succeeded to by Holiman, once a monk of Reading2; the last by Cotes3, sometimes Fellow of Magdalen and afterwards Master of Baliol College in Oxon. Finally, in the place of Doctor Richard Sampson, Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, who left this life on the 25th of September, Doctor Radolph Bayne, who had been Hebrew Reader in Paris in the time of King Francis, was consecrated Bishop of that church; a man of better parts but of a more inflexible temper than his predecessor. A parlia ment. 5. And now the parliament begins, opened upon the 11th of November, and closed on the 16th of January then next following. It had been offered to consideration in the former session, that all acts made against the Pope in the reign of King Henry might be declared null and void, for the better encouragement of the Cardinal to come amongst us. But the Queen had neither eloquence enough to persuade, nor power enough to awe the parliament to that concession. Nothing more hindered the design than general fear that, if the Popes were once restored to their former power, the Church might challenge restitution of her former possessions; do but secure them from that fear, then Pope and Cardinals might come and welcome. And to secure them from that fear, they had not only the promise of the King and Queen, but some assurance underhand from the Cardinal Legate, who knew right well that the church-lands had been so chopped and changed by the two last Kings as not to be restored without the manifest ruin of many of the nobility and most of the note on the passage-"Post rerum omnium disquisitionem, totum hoc de alienationibus a cl. viro Br. Willis penitus negatur." 1 The epithet "old" would be more fitly applied to Bird than to Bush; for the age of the latter was at this time 64, while Bird is described as ferme octogenarius" at the time of his death, two years later. After his deprivation he recanted, and became a suffragan under Bonner.-Godwin, De Præsul. 564, 776. Comp. the notes in Strype's Cranmer, ed. Eccl. Hist. Soc. i. 135-7. 2 Consecrated, Nov. 18, 1554. Godw. de Præsul. 564. 3 The editions wrongly call this bishop Coles. He was consecrated April 1, 1554, and died in the end of the following year.-Godwin, 776. 4 Nov. 18, 1554.-Godwin, 325. 5 Fox, vi. 579; Sarpi, 385. UNIVERSITY gentry who were invested in the same. Secured on both sides, AN. REG. 2, they proceed according to the King's desires, and pass a general Act for the repealing of all statutes which had been made against the power and jurisdiction of the Popes of Rome1. But first they are to be intreated to it by the Legate himself; for the opening a way to whose reception, they prepared a bill by which he was to be discharged of the attaindure which had passed upon him in the year 1539, restored in blood, and rendered capable of enjoying all those rights and privileges which formerly he stood possessed of in this kingdom2. For the passing of which bill into Act, the King and Queen vouchsafed their presence, as soon as it was fitted and prepared for them, not staying till the end of the session as at other times, because the business might not suffer such a long delay. 1554. reconciled to Rome. 6. It was upon the 24th of November that the Cardinal The kingdom came first to London, and had his lodgings in or near the court, till Lambeth-house could be made ready to receive him. Having reposed himself for a day or two, the Lords and Commons are required to attend their Majesties at the court, where the Cardinal, in a very grave and eloquent speech, first, gave them thanks for being restored unto his country; in recompense whereof he told them that he was come to restore them to the country and court of heaven, from which, by their departing from the Church, they had been estranged. He therefore earnestly exhorts them to acknowledge their errors, and cheerfully to receive that benefit which Christ was ready by his Vicar to extend unto them. His speech is said to have been long and artificial3, but it concluded to this purpose-that he had the keys to open them a way into the Church, which they had shut against themselves by making so many laws to the dishonour and reproach of the see apostolic; on the revoking of which laws, they should find him ready to make use of his keys, in opening the doors of the Church unto them. It was concluded hereupon by both houses of parliament, that a petition should be made in the name of the 2 1 and 2 Phil. and Mar. (Private Act, 1.) The Act passed on Nov. 21-the day of the Cardinal's landing at Dover; and the royal assent was given on the 22nd.-Fox, vi. 567. 3 Sarpi, 386. 4 Ibid.; Fox, vi. 568-571; Godw. Ann. 182. 1554. AN. REG. 2, kingdom, wherein should be declared how sorry they were that they had withdrawn their obedience from the apostolic 2 see, and consenting to the statutes made against it; promising to do their best endeavour hereafter that the said laws and statutes should be repealed; and beseeching the King and Queen to intercede for them with his Holiness, that they may be absolved from the crimes and censures, and be received as penitent children into the bosom of the Church1. 7. These things being thus resolved upon, both houses are called again to the court on St Andrew's day; where, being assembled in the presence of the King and Queen, they were asked by the Lord Chancellor Gardiner, whether they were pleased that pardon should be demanded of the Legate, and whether they would return to the unity of the Church, and obedience of the Pope, supreme head thereof. To which when some cried yea, and the rest said nothing, their silence was taken for consent; and so the petition was presented to their Majesties in the name of the parliament. Which being publicly read, they arose, with a purpose to have moved the Cardinal in it; who, meeting their desires, declared his readiness in giving them that satisfaction which they would have craved. And, having caused the authority given him by the Pope to be publicly read, he shewed how acceptable the repentance of a sinner was in the sight of God, and that the very angels in heaven rejoiced at the conversion of this kingdom2. Which said, they all kneeled upon their knees, and imploring the mercy of God, received absolution for themselves and the rest of the kingdom; which absolution was pronounced in these following words3: "OUR Lord Jesus Christ, which with his most precious blood hath redeemed and washed us from all our sins and iniquities", that he might purchases unto himself a glorious spouse, without spot or wrinkle; and whom the Father hath appointed 1 Sarpi, 386; Stow, 625; Sanders, 257; Fox, vi. 571.-The letters patent of Philip and Mary, authorizing submission to Pole's legatine authority, are in Strype, Eccl. Mem. iii. 157. 2 Sarpi, 386. 3 Fox, vi. 572; Wilkins, iv. 111, gives the Latin form, from the first edition of Fox, p. 1011. 4 "inquinamentis." 5" exhiberet," [" present," Eng. Bible, Ephes. v. 27.] |