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THE

EDINBURGH MAGAZINE,

OR

LITERARY MISCELLANY,

FOR OCTOBER 1798.

SIR,

I

AN APOLOGY FOR BATCHELORS.

To the Editor of the Edinburgh Magazine.

Have long confidered periodical publications as being of great utility to mankind, as they not only convey much useful information and entertainment, through a cheap and eafy channel, but are often the means of remedying general and particular abuses, by giving hints refpecting them, through the medium of Ef fays.

In a late publication of this kind I obferve a letter, giving an account and complaining of the manner in which Batchelors are treated and eftimated by the world, and as I think it is interefting to enquire into the reafon of their being at prefent in existence, so many men in this fituation, efpecially in the middle rank of life, a rank which is of much confe quence to the world, and of which I have the honour to be a member, I have thrown together the following ideas upon this fubject, which, fhould they be thought worthy of a place in your entertaining Mifcellany, are much at your fervice.

to that congeniality of difpofition which is an inherent principle in the human race, at leaft in the generality of them; and the causes inductive of fo many men living in that ftete, who feemingly have it in their power to change it, I attribute in a great degree to the prefent arbitrary mode of education.

Parents, too often, fix upon a cer tain profeffional line of life for their children to pursue, without confidering whether the abilities, the disposition, and the inclination of their chil dren, are adapted to the study of it; without confidering there is a probability, that the profeffion they have chofen, may abound with vexations, with difficult and with difagreeable circumftances, which may press heavy upon a mind not fitted for bearing up against them, and may finally overwhelm it.

The liberal education which young men, intended for the ftudy of one of the learned profeffions must neceffarily receive, may probably fit them for catching foft impreffions. The man who is accuftomed to read the beautiful Eclogues of a Virgil, and the tender Odes of a Horace, withHh 2

The fituation of an ifolated being, (and undoubtedly a Batchelor is fo, in a certain degree,) must be not only highly unpleafant, but is contrary

out

ont feeling his ideas in unifon with theirs, must be very devoid of tafte and of fenfibility, or his heart muft be made of a very ftern mould. He who is accustomed to affociate with young and lovely females, will, by a gradual progreffion, from paying them a polite attention, be very apt to allow certain defires to arife in his breaft, and intrude upon his quiet; he will be equally apt to whifper the wifhes of his foul, and in the bloom of youth, fuch wishes, fuch attentions, will most probably be well receiv

ed.

But should a young man, beginning the world as a member of one of the learned and liberal profeffions, marry; fhould he obey one of the most facred commands of nature, he would be thought already ruined, however amiable and deferving the object of his choice might be, unless the poffeffed a fortune. His friends, who otherwife would have efteemed it their duty to use all their intereft to advance him in his profeffion, would, from that period, conceive themselves to be entirely freed from all concern in his fuccefs, from all intereft in his advancement, and would leave him to pine away his life in indigence, to fink into obfcurity; whereas, did they lend the fame affiftance to him as a married man, which they would have done as a Batchelor, the thoughts of a beloved wife, and probably a rifing family, would be fuch an excitement to industry, as would enable him to overcome difficulties and push improbabilities, which, had he poffeffed no equally great inducement, might have weighed heavy upon his fpirits, and perhaps in the end have turned his perfeverence into defpair. Was fuch a young man to requeft the approbation of his friends to a marriage with a lady who poffeffed every quality requifite to render him happy, their confent would not only be refused, but he would be looked upon as an idle, thoughtless fellow, he would be

regarded ever after with the gangren. ed eye of Sufpicion.

Such conduct in parents, when taken into ferious confideration, muft appear as irrational and abfurd, as it is dangerous and imprudent. The Minifters of religion in a neighbouring country, (France,) (or at least a number of them) who were condemned by their vows to perpetual celibacy, were not able to practife the precepts. which they endeavoured, and which it was their duty to teach; dreadful abufes (many of which, had they been permitted to marry, would have been avoided), crept into their order; and by rendering them objects of jealousy, of hatred, and finally of contempt, fhook the foundation, and at laft pulled the fabric of fuperftition to the ground, (a fabric which it had been the work of ages to rear,) whelming the innocent with the guilty, reason and abfurdity, in the fame promifcuous ruin. And if the teachers of the word of God, if a fociety of men of ability, and of learning, who were placed as an example to a mighty nation, were unable to refift temptation; what confequences are to be expected, when a young man, who has no fuch ties to bind his inclination, to fetter his paffions, is thwarted in a virtuous defire to marry, a defire on which he has founded his deareft wishes and his most ardent hopes of felicity? The natural confequences are thefe:- In order to avoid the ideas of loft happiness, which corrode his breaft and intrude upon his folitude, urged by thofe paffions which at a certain age bear down the comparatively weak barriers of worldly wif dom and of prudence, and feeing the very diftant prospect of making a fortune fufficiently large in the eyes of his friends and of the world, to enable him to attain the fummit of his wishes, he plunges into diffipation, ruins his health, corrupts his morals, fours his temper, becomes difagreeable to himfelf and to all around him; fometimes

is

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will be comparable to the children of love. After having thrown away the ftrength of his youth in every fpecies of excefs, after having "wafted his fweetness in the defart air," it cannot be expected that his offspring will be fuch as those which are the produce of an union when two loving hearts do beat in unifon;" Indeed there is too much reason to believe, too much probability to expect, that the fruits of his excess will be entailed upon them, that they will recal to his remembrance with all the bitterness of regret, with all the agony of difappointment, the thoughts of that felicity which he loft; that they will bring to his mind's eye, the

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he will risk the chance of embittering the remainder of his life? that he will, by forming a prudent marriage, hazard fuch recollections as I have delineated above, and that he will fport with the only enjoyment left in his power, that of doing as he pleases? I doubt it much. At the time of life to which he must have arrived, the tender attachments are done away, and he will have more inducements to live as a Batchelor than as a married man.

There is another confequence, and that a political one, which I believe is not much attended to, but which certainly is deferving of ferious confideration,-whether or not it is of advantage to the world. A Batchelor, who has no rifing family to train up, no anxious hopes for their future fuccefs to employ his leisure hours, no domeftic bufinefs to fill up any vacuum in his time, will naturally have recourfe to ftudy, to diffipate any uneafinefs rifing in his mind refpecting his folitary fituation; he will mot probably pay attention to political difputes, and the man whofe inclinations have been forced in his young days, who has fuffered by fuch conduct as I have defcribed, will be much attracted by the arguments in favour of liberty, and the diflike which he has conceived from his own experience of arbitrary measures, will be cherished and increased to abhorrence. Although, when he confiders the hiftorical page of the prefent times, he may view, with the eye of commiferation, the fate of the late unfortunate Royal Family of France, yet his mind will recur to the caufes of that fate; he will confider, with indignation, that fyftem of defpotic tyranny which was fo long exercised over a great nation; and while his heart agonizes at the forrows of the injured peasant, while his nerves vibrate with horror at the pangs fuftained by the innocent and the defenceless, and while his eyes moisten at the miferies

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I have now endeavoured, however feeble the attempt, however weak the hand that traceth thefe lines, to offer an apology for Batchelors, at leaft for thofe in the middle walk of life; and perhaps in the eyes of the prudent I may be thought to have overftrained the picture, but fuch as it may be eftimated, it is not the wild effervefcence of imagination, nor the romantic effufions of fancy; but the dictates of the heart, fpontaneously flowing from the pen; tinctured perhaps with the thoughts of that cup of felicity which was dafhed away from my lips by the dictates of curatorial authority, by pretended friendship, (for paft times rush upon my recollection,)

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Should this trifling Effay be favourably received, I may hereafter communicate the fimple memoirs of a friend of my youth, the viciffitudes of whofe fate are interesting, whose morning of life opened with the faireft profpects, with the best founded expectations, but who was urged by fuch conduct as I have defcribed to put an end to an exilence, which, from the vigour of his genius, from the excellence of his understanding, from the amiableness of his difpofition, and from the firmness and rectitude of his principles, might have been of ufe to his country, and an honour to his friends, but whofe fate was fuch as,

"To fuffering worth is given, That long with want and woe has ftriven, By human pride and cunning driven

To mifery's brink, Till wrench'd of every ftay but Heaven, It ruin'd fink*."

A.

M.

ORIGINAL LETTERS OF THOMSON THE POET.

(In the Poffeffion of H. P. Wyndham, Efq. M. P.)

Paris, Dec. 27, N. s. 1730. DE VOLTAIRE's Brutus has been acted here feven or eight times with applaufe, and ftill continues to be acted. It is matter of a musement to me toimagine what ideas an old republican, declaiming on liberty, must give the generality of a French audience. Voltaire, in his Preface, defigns to have a ftroke at criticifm; and Lord have mercy on the poor fimiles at the end of the acts in our English plays, for thefe feem to be the very worthy objects of his French indignation. It is defigned to be dedicated to Lord Bolingbroke.

I have feen little of Paris, yet fome

ftreets and playhouses; though, had I
feen all that is to be feen here, you
know it too well to need much bet-
ter account than I can give. You
muft, however, give me leave to ob-
ferve, that amid all the external and
fhewy magnificence which the French
affect, one miffes that folid magnifi-
cence of trade and fincere plenty which
not only appears to be, but is, fub-
ftantially, in a kingdom where in-
dustry and liberty mutually support
and infpirit each other. That king-
dom, I fuppofe, I need not mention,
as it is, and ever will be, fufficiently
plain from the character.
I fhall re-
turn no worfe Englishman than I came
away.

* Burns.

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