III. PASSAGES FOR TRANSLATION. I. The Education of the Persian Upper Classes. 4 But that all the constitution of the Persians may be more clearly set forth, I will go back a little; for now by means of what has been already said, it might be set forth in very little space 3. For the Persians are said to be about a hundred and twenty thousand, and of these no one has been excluded by law from honours and commands, but it is lawful for all the Persians to send their sons to the common schools of Uprightness. But those who are able to bring up their sons unemployed + send them, while those who are unable do not send them. And it is allowable for those who may have been educated in the public schools to pass their early manhood 5 among the Ephebi, but to those who have not been through this educational course it is not allowable. And whosoever again among Ephebi have completed their legal course 7, to them it is allowable to assemble themselves with the full grown 9 men, and to have a share 10 of commands and honours. ' Purpose, Mne. i. 2 ἐπάνειμι. 3 Id. 141. 4 ἀργέω. 5 νεανισκεύεσθαι. 6 διαπαιδεύω. 7 διατελεῖν τὰ νόμιμα ποιῶν. 8 συναλίζω. 9 τέλειοι. 10 Vid. Prepositions in Composition. II. Proteus. MENELAOS-PROTEUS. MEN. It is not incredible, Proteus, that you should from time to time turn yourself into water, for, at any rate, you are a monster (omit) of the sea (adj.), and further that you should become a tree, one can stand 2. And whenever you change yourself3 into a lion nevertheless not even is this beyond belief. But if it is possible too that you should become fire, though you live in the sea, this I am very much astonished at, and don't believe. PR. Don't be astonished 4, Menelaos, I do 5. MEN. And I saw you myself. But you seem to me-for it shall be said against you to introduce a kind of magic into the business, and to deceive the eyes of spectators, while you yourself undergo no such transformation (become nothing of this kind). PR. And yet what trickery could there be in things so plain? Did you not see, with your eyes opened, into how many things I metamorphosed myself? But if you disbelieve, and the performance seems to you to be false, a mere appearance set up before your eyes, when I am turned into fire, put your hand on me; for you will know if I am seen only, or if the power to burn belongs to me. MEN. This experiment is not safe, Proteus. 8 Use simply yiyveσlaɩ, Cf. Id. 2, Mne. viii. 4 Mne. iv. 2. and observe the use of the Present, 2 φορητόν. 3 Mne. ii. I a 2. 6 γοητεία. 5 Id. 70. 8 7 μεταποιεῖν. πρᾶγμα. III. Laus temporis acti. 6 We must call a happy state not that which from all mankind 2 collects at random many citizens, but that which more than all the rest affords protection to 3 the race of men who lived therein from the earliest time 4: we must call happy 5 men not those who hold tyrannies nor those who have obtained greater power than is right, but those who are at once worthy of the greatest honour, and at the same time are content with boons bestowed on them by the people. For than this, nor individual, nor state, could have a condition of life more excellent, more safe, more desirable. Maintaining this condition of life, those who lived at the time of 9 the Persian war 10 did not live like Pirates, at one time keeping possessions more than enough, at another in a state of " dearth, siege, and the greatest calamities; but as to their daily sustenance, having neither lack nor excess 12, and priding themselves 13 in the equity of their government and their own virtues, lived lives more blessed than the rest of men. Neglecting which things, they who came after them coveted not to be leaders, but lords 14, words which seem to have the same force, but are widely distinct from one another 15. I II 6 Id. 73. 7 ἀνήρ. 8 ἕξις. 12 Id. 69. 13 φιλοτιμέομαι. κεχώρισται,” Id. 81. 125 66 3 διασώζειν. 4 ἐξ ἀρχῆς. 5 ζηλοῦν. 14 οὐκ ἄρχειν ἀλλὰ τυραννεῖν. IV. Socrates. 2 6 I do not question 1 but that 2 you are wiser than I. But I am ever wont, whenever any one says anything, to attend 3, especially whenever the speaker seems to me to be wise. And from my earnest desire (part.) to learn what he says, I sift and enquire into, I try backwards and forwards, I put together what from time to time he says, that I may learn. But if the speaker appear to me to be foolish, I neither question nor do I care for what he says 5. And by this you shall know whom I account to be wise; for you will find me indefatigable in trying to learn by enquiry from the successive 4 remarks of this man, that by instruction I may win advantage. Perhaps this is the only good thing I possess 7, while all the rest I have is valueless. For how things are situate I blunder3, and know not in what way they exist. And a sufficient proof of what I assert lies in this, that whenever I converse with any one of you who are so renowned as being wise and to whose wisdom all Hellenes are witnesses, I evidently to know nothing, for we never come to the same conclusion about anything ". ΙΟ Id. 57. 5 Id. 144. 6 Mne. viii. 10 Id. 84. 4 ἐπανασκοπώ, συμβιβάζω, 7 Id. 61. 8 σφάλλω, Perf. 11 Id. 145. 8 V. Idioms. It would occupy a considerable time to narrate1 the particulars of those events, but from the regard I entertain towards you 3, and since I was able to gain information from deserters who from time to time came over 4 to our camp, I will tell you what I know. Our supineness 5 had given the enemy the opportunity of introducing supplies into the town, and their former apprehensions had given place to unreasonable confidence. Elated by success they made light of our troops, and determined on immediate to action. Had they sallied forth at once, they would have found us unprepared, and a bold attack might have compelled us to evacuate" the island. Without knowing it' we were all but 13 vanquished. But their quarrels with one another stood in the way 14 of their carrying out their plan 15, and when they ought to have acted with as little delay as possible 16 they foolishly lost their opportunity. They were not able again to carry provisions past our lines, and now began to find the unarmed population 17 a serious difficulty. 14 3 Id. 55. 12 8 Id. 14. 51. 12 Id. 74. 17 Id. 32. 13 Id. 28. 9 Id. 42. 14 Id. 27. 10 Id. 25. 15 Id. 146. 16 Id. 29. |