lives continually. Numerous murders were committed for the sake of robbery, and many death blows dealt out in self-defense. The Deadwood Coach" has made, since it was taken off the road, the round about the world in the "Show of the Wild West" under Buffalo Bill. DEADWOOD OF TO-DAY. Of the Deadwood of to-day, George T. Williams says in the Deadwood Daily Pioneer of Sunday, July 7, 1895: "A city of 5,000 people stands where twenty years ago not a white human resided. In no city of its size in the world is the amount of business annually transacted as in Deadwood. Groceries, dry goods, clothing, hardware, hotels and restaurants, two banks, jewelry stores, bakeries, cigar stores and manufactories, flouring mills, theaters, four newspapers, harness stores, livery stables, express companies, smelters and reduction works, wholesale liquor stores, stationery stores, drug stores, planing mills, lumber yards, sash and door manufactories, iron foundries, brick yards, boot and shoe stores, tailoring establishments, assaying and sampling offices, wagon factories, three railroads, and an electric light plant; all these represent some of the principal business interests of the city. "Situated as Deadwood is, in the heart of the greatest mineral region of the world, proudly bearing the title of Metropolis of the Hills,' draining the trade as the water shed of every one of the important mining camps of the Hills, it is to the development of the mining resources of the Hills, that the city must look for future prosperity. Certain gigantic preparations looking to that end, due entirely to the energy of Deadwood's citizens, are now moving to that end. "The history of the growth of a town or city is always the written or unwritten history of its people. It always marks the measure of their thriftiness, of their success or their failures, of their pluck and their energy. Write us the history of the growth of a city and we will tell you the qualities of its people. There are many reasons why cities that have once been started never stop growing, chief among which are their favorable location and natural advantages. Another important factor in the growth of towns and cities, and we believe it to be the most important of all, is the energy and enterprise of men who are willing to aid public enterprise, men who are always ready to speak a good word for their town and tell of its advantages, men who are willing to invest their money in the town where they have made it. It is such men as these that make towns and cities. May we be delivered from the town where the citizens are willing to sit down and do nothing for its material advancement and growth, adopting the policy that the town will grow anyway, and they will reap their share of the profits. Also deliver us from that town that is filled with croakers men who are doing nothing and produce nothing, but who are always ready to tell of hard times in their town and predict its failure. The height and ambition of the croaker is to counteract and undo what the more ambitious and enterprising ones are trying to accomplish. No town can suit them, nothing can please them. "Deadwood is fortunate in having but few croakers and few selfish men within its limits. Its citizens are generous and liberal and believe in a bright future for the city. They are here to stay and see that it keeps place in the front ranks of the cities of the West. "These features, together with its location in one of the richest mining countries on the face of the globe, are what have made Deadwood what she is to-day, and what will cause it to make greater strides in the years to come." The Fremont, Elkhorn and Missouri Valley Railroad, belonging to the Chicago and Northwestern Railroad system, and the Burlington Route, have for the last few years operated in the Black Hills, and their lines run to all the principal points therein. CHAPTER V. LAWRENCE COUNTY · TERRITORY OF LINCOLN. Early in July, 1876, a petition was circulated among the miners in and around Deadwood to establish a county government and form the county of Lawrence. But as the title to the country was still vested in the Indians no legal steps could be taken to form any legitimate government. On February 28, 1877, the President of the United States signed the treaty by which the Indians ceded their rights to the Government. When thus the country was opened to settlement, affairs of political nature could be carried on legitimately. Lawrence County was soon thereafter formed and named in honor of Colonel John Lawrence. It was the intention to make Crook City the county seat, and the first meeting of the commissioners was held there; but they adjourned to Deadwood without transacting any public business. The first officers of the new county were: County Commissioners, Fred T. Evans, John Woolsmuth, A. W. Lavender; Probate Judge, C. E. Haurehan; Register of Deeds, James H. Hand; Treasurer, John Lawrence; Assessor, James; Sheriff, Seth Bullock; Attorney,Flannery; Coroner, Dr. Babcock; Superintendent of Public Instruction, C. H. McKinnis. In July, 1876, previous to the opening of the country by the Government, and whilst the treaty with the Indians was being negotiated, petitions were circulated, at the same time with the one for organizing Lawrence County, suggesting that a new territory should be formed and called either "Eldorado" or Lincoln. The limits of the new territory were to be these: Beginning at the intersection of the 101st meridian; thence north of the line of said meridian to the 46th parallel; thence west on the 46th parallel to the 109th meridian ;thence south on the 109th meridian to the 43d parallel; thence west to the place of beginning. This would embrace an area of about 100,000 square miles, compactly outlined, being a little greater in extent from east to west than from |