troversy respecting Popish Vestments, which at this period engaged the attention of the Reformed Divines. On this point, as well as on the question of Images, he had to contend with the most powerful Adversaries. The Queen herself thought this Doctrine not contrary to the word of God; and, according to Burnett, deemed it expedient to have a Crucifix, with the blessed Virgin, and St. John still in her Chapel. In the voluminous correspondence of Jewell with the foreign Reformers, Peter Martyr, Gualter, Bullinger, and others, he fully enters upon this subject: and, in a letter to Bullinger, dated February 8th, A. D. 1566, expresses his great concern that the heat raised on account of the Surplice was not extinguished: and in another he assures Simler there was no danger of Lutheranism; only, he adds, we are now fighting among ourselves about Ceremonies, Vestments, and matters of no importance*.

Burnett, Vol. iii. Folio.

The following year Harding produced another piece, entitled-A Detection of Sundry foul Errors, &c., which proved to be a mere cavilling reply to some passages in Bishop Jewell's Defence of his APOLOGY. This Publication by Harding the Bishop did not esteem worthy of a separate reply; he therefore answered it in the Preface to a New Edition of his former Defence, which he finished December 11th, A. D. 1569: and although Harding had before told the world that the Queen was greatly offended with the pious Bishop for troubling her as he had done with his Writings, this Edition of them was dedicated to her Majesty*.

The same year Pope Pius, the Fourth, published a Bull of Excommunication and Deprivation against Queen Elizabeth, and Bishop Jewell, undertaking the defence of his Sove

It was by the command of Queen Elizabeth, James the First, &c., that the Apology for the Church of England was kept chained in all Churches, throughout the kingdom.

reign, wrote a learned Examination and Confutation of it, which was published by John Garbrand, an intimate acquaintance of the Bishop's, together with a short Treatise on the Holy Scriptures; both of which were publicly delivered by him in his Cathedral, A. D. 1570. Besides these, he wrote many other works*, which were principally delivered as Exhortations and Expositions: which, I suppose (says Humfrey,†) were his Sermons: for he was of opinion that it was a better way of teaching to go through with a Book, than to take here and there a Text; and that it gave the People a more clear and lasting Knowledge.

In the beginning of the next year (April 5th, A. D. 1571,) there was a Parliament, and consequently a Convocation; when Thos. Cartwright, and others of that Faction, having alarmed the Church by their opposition

*The Enumeration of them at the end of the Life. + Humf. in Vita, p. 111.

to the established Religion, it was thought fit to obviate their bold attempts; the Archbishop therefore commanded; "That all such of the Lower House of Convocation, who had not formerly subscribed to the Articles of Religion agreed on A. D. 1562, should subscribe to them now; or, on their absolute refusal or delay, be expelled the House." This order occasioned a general and personal subscription. It was also further ordered; "That the Book of Articles so approved should be put into print by the appointment of the Right Reverend Dr. John Jewell, then Bishop of Sarum: which shows that he was present, and held in great esteem. It was also during this year that he had his Conference, and preached his Last Sermon at Paul's Cross about the Ceremonies and State of the Church: and although this Holy Divine sought nothing but the Peace and Welfare of the Church by the most Mild and Conciliating Admonitions, the Dissenters treated him with as little respect

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as Harding and his Confraternity had done: for Archbishop Whitgift assures us; "They (the Dissenters) will not stick in commending themselves to deface all others; yea, even that notable JEWELL, whose both Labour and Learning they do they do envy, and amongst themselves deprave; as I have heard with mine own ears, and a number more besides.

"For further proof whereof I do refer you to the report that by this Faction spread of him after his last Sermon at Paul's Cross; because he did confirm the Doctrine before preached by a famous and learned Man touching Obedience to the Prince and the Laws. It was strange to me (continues Whitgift) to hear so notable a Bishop, so learned a Man, so stout a Champion of true Religion, so painful a Prelate, so ungratefully and spitefully used by a sort of wavering, wicked, and wretched Tongues: but it is their manner, be ye never so well learned, never so painful, so zealous, so virtuous, all