THE

LIVES

OF

CELEBRATED TRAVELLERS.

BY

JAMES AUGUSTUS ST. JOHN.

Wand'ring from cljrge to trime, observant stray'd,
Their manners noted and feir states survey'd.
POPE'S HOMER.

IN THREE VOLUMES.

VOL. III.

NEW-YORK:

LIBRAR

NEW-YORK

PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY J. & J. HARPER,

No. 82 CLIFF-STREET,

AND SOLD BY THE PRINCIPAL BOOKSELLERS THROUGHOUT

THE UNITED STATES.

MEM AOKK

CONTENTS.

MUNGO PARK.

Born 1771.-Died 1806.

Born at Fowlshiels, near Selkirk-Receives a respectable education-
Bound apprentice to a surgeon-Finishes his education at Edinburgh
-Removes to London-Becomes known to Sir Joseph Banks-Ap-
pointed surgeon to the Worcester, East Indiaman-Engaged by the
African Association to ascertain the course of the Niger-Sails from
England-Arrives at Jillifrea-Unknown species of fish-Alligators—
Hippopotami- Pisania-Dr. Laidley-Studies the Mandingo language
-Attacked by fever and degri m-Horrors of the rainy season in
Africa-Wild beasts, Departs frora Pisania-Surrounded by a body
of the natives-Visus ine King of Woolli-Obtajas a guide Elephant-
hunters Presents his coat to the chief of Fatteconda-Major Iiough-
ton-Limited territories of the African kings-Suggestion by which
Africa may be effectually explored Folly of despatching a solitary
traveller-A night journey-Solitary forest Dangers from wild beasts
-Hospitable Mohammedan-Festival in honour of his arrival-Negro
dances--Joag-Robbed of kaif his merchandise-Huinanity of a fe-
male slave-Kasson-Robbed a second time-Affectionate meeting
between the blacksmith and his relations-Maternal affection-Curi-
osity excited by the presence of a white man--Kooniakary-Audi-
ence with the king-Advised to retrace his footsteps--Romantic
scenery Cheapness of provisions-Superstition of his Mohammedan
guide-Terrifies two negro horsemen-Is mistaken for a demon-
Kaarta-Buglehorns formed of elephants' teeth-Receives permission
to depart-Jarra-Visits Ali the King of Ludamar-Despatches his
journal to the Gambia-Is robbed-Barbarous treatment of Park by
Ali and his Moorish countrymen-Placed in a hut with a wild boar-
Is chosen royal barber-Pillaged of the remainder of his property-
Superstitious curiosity-Is threatened with death or mutilation-Tor-
tured for Moorish amusement-Robbed of his slave-boy-Affecting
scene-Attempts to escape-Departs in the night-Stopped and
robbed of his cloak-Nearly perishes from hunger and thirst-Storm
in the desert-Multitude of frogs-Compelled to wander through the
woods-Subsists on wild berries-Enters the kingdom of Bambarra
-Mistaken for a Moor-Destitute condition-Comes within sight of
the Niger-Joy at effecting the object of his mission-Sego-Refused
entrance into the city-Humanity of a woman-Receives a present
from the king of Bambarra-Sansanding-Hospitable reception-Is
requested to write a saphie, or charm-Camelopard-Encounters a
lion-Moodiboo-Loses his horse-Reaches Silla-Exhausted with
fatigue and sickness-Unable to proceed-Resolves to return-Song

-Denied entrance into the village-In danger of being devoured by
lions-Stripped and robbed by a band of peasants-Overwhelmed
with grief and terror-Derives consolation from religious reflections
-Sibidooloo-Regains his horse and other property-Unites himself
to a slave caravan-Obtains a common prayer-book-Arrives at Pisa-
nia--Returns to England-Singular interview with his brother-in-law
-Received with distinguished honour by the African Association-
Publishes his travels-Returns to Scotland-Marries-Practises as a
surgeon at Peobles-Becomes disgusted with an obscure life-Ap-
pointed chief conductor of a second expedition into the interior of
Africa, under the sanction of the British government-Sails from
Portsmouth-Arrives at Pisanio-Sets out with the party for the inte-
rior-Dreadfully stung by a swarm of bees-The journey nearly put
an end to by this event-Rainy season-The whole party sick-Gold-
pits-Soldiers become delirious-Numbers die, or are left behind-
Attacked by wild beasts-Cut off by the natives-Guide attacked and
wounded by a crocodile-Remarkable presence of mind-Robbed by
two African princes-Encounters three lions-Arrives on the banks
of the Niger-Opens a bazaar-Death of Mr. Scott - Mission reduced
to a very small number-Death of Mr. Anderson-Embarks on the
Niger--Conclusion of his journal-Isaaco's account of his death--
Captain Clapperton's carroboration-Chagictor-Sir Walter Scott. 13

PETER SIMON PALLAS.

Born 41.Ded 1811.

Born at Berlin-Educated, asa: Surgeon Studies natural history-
Visits Holland-England-Publishes his first great work-Accepts
an appointments if the cademy of St. Petersburg-Catherine II-
Engages in the Russian enterprise for bbserving the transit of Venus
-Sets out front St. Petersburg-Gadflies River Jemlia-Pearl mus-
cles-Arrives at Moscow-Marine sponges used for painting the
cheeks Rhubarb-Vlodimir-Cherry-orchards-Tarter princes-
Goitres-Extreme filthiness of the Russians-Severe cold-Mules be-
tween the goat and sheep-Sulphurous springs-Environs of Sumara
-Travels on sledges-keletons of elephants-Tizran-Excessive heat
-Village unroofed by a hurricane-River Volga-Ancient tombs-
Gigantic bones-Kalmuc camp-Archery-Botanical excursions-
Marsh flies-Kirghees-Orenburg-Golden eagles-Falconry-Value
of a trained hawk-Salt-mines-Chinese caravan-Jasper mountains
-Jasper tombs-Ruins of Sarai-Embarks upon the Caspian Sea-
Arranges his Journal-Floods-Hurricanes-Bottomless pit-Furious
wild dogs-Beehives-Method of protecting the hives from the bears
-Volcano-Burning forest-Cotton produced from the poplar-tree-
Loses himself in a forest-Curious method of passing a river-As-
bestos mountain-The mind abhors an uninterrupted calm-Insipid
method of travelling-Method of preparing Russia leather in Siberia-
Cheliabinsk-Departs for Eastern Siberia-Extensive conflagration-
Steppe of Ischimi-Aquatic game-White herons-Arrives at Omsk
-Refused permission to inspect the Siberian maps there-Banks of
the Irtish-Continual storms-Method of preserving furs from the
moth-Encounters an enormous wolf-Ancient mines-Attacked by
dysentery-Prodigious tomb-Enormous lump of solid gold-Visits
the Altaic mountains-Sublime scenery-Black sparrows-Crosses