Kind, iii. 2: the law of their kind,' i. e. nature, or race. In Pecock's Repressor (circ. 1450), the moral lawe of kinde,' pp. 6, 23; 'the grete see of lawe of kinde,' p. 30, is the law of nature.'

L

Later, latter, the first is the usual, if not the constant form. But the doubling of letters in the early editions is so uncertain, that the word may have been meant to be read as the second form.

Leastwise, v. 2: at leastwise.'

Lest, mostly written least.

Let, (noun), i. I ; x. 2.

Let (with binder), ii. 6, as a customary double phrase. Richardson distinguishes between the roots of let, in its two senses; and connects let, 'hinder,' with words (Goth., A. S.) of the same family as late, with the sense of retarding.

Let go, x. 7, pass by. Lat. omittere.
Lightly, xii. 1. As Mark ix. 39.

Like (verb), vii. 2; xvi. 4: The angels best like us, when we are most like them in all parts of decent demeanour;'To like of' a thing, iv. 3; Of anything more than God they could not by any means like;' VIII. vi. 13, When the mightiest began to like of the Christian faith.'

List, vii. 3; Serm. iii. p. 598; V. lxxi. 4, as themselves list;' lxx. 1; II. vi. 4, 'What them listeth.' Lively, viii. 9, used adverbially. So he uses as adv. kindly, orderly. Look, viii. 10, interjectionally: 'But look, wherewith nations are inured, the same they take to be just and right;' as in the translation of Prov. xix. 17, in the Offertory sentence, and look, what he layeth out, it shall be paid him again.'

M

Make, Make for,' vii. 7: 'Nor let any man think that this doth make any thing for the just excuse of iniquity;' Make to, or unto the purpose; Somewhat it will make unto our purpose,' x. 7. So II. vii. 6, Which words make so little unto the purpose.' Manage, xv. 4: Manage community of life;' transl. of véμeiv Biov KOLÓV. The more usual spelling in the early editions, menage, which lasted into the next century, e. g. in Izaak Walton, points to the influence of French forms, as in vertue (always), bainous, parfit, maister. Manner (early editions, generally maner, especially in the first books), one of a numerous class of words of general signification formed in the Romance languages from manus: cp. manage, ménage -r; maintain, maintenir; manœuvre, manure, maner (' taken in the maner'); manual. Vide Diez, Etym. Wört. Manico, &c. Fr. manière; Low Lat. manuarius (Manuary trader,' Eccl. Pol. V. lxxxi. 8); Ital. maniero ('falcone maniero, di mano'): a way of handling; then

generally a way or sort. iv. 1, 'Their longing to do by all means all manner good to the creatures of God;' viii. 10, all manner laws.' So Pref. viii. 6, all manner evil;' V. iv. 3, ' all manner virtuous duties;' V. vi. I, 'all manner actions;' V. liv. 7, all manner graces;' II. vii. 4, 'no manner force;' VIII. ii. 13, 'no manner person.' This old form (Chaucer, Pecock, Bp. Fisher, Jewel Def. 158) occurs in the original edition of the Bible of 1611, (Levit. vii. 23; xiv. 54. Todd). Cp. 'what mister man,' in Chaucer and Spenser. In the phrases ' all manner good,'' all manner of good,' the thought seems to waver between an adjectival compound (to express, omnigenus, omnimodus, пavtoios) and the noun with the genitive. John Trevisa (Morris, Specimens of Early English, p. 338) says, Thre maner speche,' 'thre maner people ;' Bp. Fisher (in Todd's Johnson) says three maner wayes;' Bacon (Essay lviii.) writes, "There be three manner (sing.) of Plantations." Cp. use of kind and sort, in those kind of writings' (Bacon); 'these set kind of fools,' Twelfth Night, i. 5. 83; These kind of knaves,' Lear, ii. 2. 96; ‘all kind of natures,' Timon of Athens, i. I. 65.

Mere, ii. 2; iii. 4, qualifying a thing by itself, simply: 'Every mere natural agent;' x. 8; V. i. 2, ' Their mere religion.'

Mincingly, xi. 5, in small measure. See Diez on Fr. Mince.

Minerals, iv. 3, a place in which metals or precious stones are found, either mines, as here, Some among the minerals, dens, and caves that are under the earth;' or a matrix, as in Hamlet, iv. 1. 26, Like some ore among a mineral of metals base.' Cp. John Hales, p. 34, 'Spirits that converse in minerals, and infest those that work in them.' Mirror, iii. 4, what shows a reflected image or ideal, pattern: 'Some absolute shape or mirror always present before her;' iv. I, 'The mirror of human wisdom,' i. e. perfect type, Aristotle. So J. Hales calls Canaan The mirror of the world for fertility and abundance of all things.' (p. 7.) See Diez, Miroir. Moe, mo, old English form for more (Chaucer, Pecock, 1450; Spenser. See Morris, Specimens of Early English, p. xxvi.). It occurs twice in this Book, iii. 4, 'One. moe' = plures; x. 2, 'Many moe.' Pref. ix. 4. Frequent in the first four Books, where modern editions read more.' II. iv. 4; v. 5; vii. 2; III. v. 1; IV. ii. 2; vi. I; xiii. 9; V. Dedic. 4; ix. 2; lxxii. 16. So VIII. iv. 7. Momentany, viii. 5, momentary; Fr. form momentané.' Mother, a favourite word in Hooker for what is primordial and elementary: iii. 2, 'Mother elements of the world;' viii. 6, Mother of all those principles.' Cp. III. ix. 3, 'If anything proceed from us corrupt the mother of it is our darkness;' V. xv. I, 'mother sentence;' Serm. ii. § 36, mother cause;' VIII. ii. 12, Time the only mother of sound judgment;' Answ. to Travers, § 21. Vide Serm. iii. 602, 6c6,

·

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The mother of life,' i. e. the heart; Serm. iv. 650. J. Hales, Hooker's imitator, has That grand and mother blessing,' p. 178. Mutter, xi. 6.

N

Natural, viii. 7, natural man; i. e. man going only by light of nature. Cp. III. viii. 6. So Bacon, Essay ii. Only as a philosopher and naturall man; and so he speaks of Machiavelli (Advert. on Controv. p. 80); and J. Hales, The laws of natural men, who had no knowledge of God.' (pp. 75, 115, 210; ed. 1673.)

Need, vii. 3, used impersonally; vii. 4, 'Where understanding needeth.' Neighbour, xi. 5: God and man should be very near neighbours ;' transl. of 'Nihil inter Deum hominemque distaret.'

Nice, i. 2, fastidious; VI. iv. 2: They made it not nice to use one of God's ministers."

No, emphatic before not: xii. 2, 'No, not gross iniquity.' So III. xi. 7; V. lxxi. 8; lxxvi. 5.

Obliquity, viii. 1; xi. 6: 'nature's obliquity.'

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Observants, iv. I: Such observants they are thereof;' like 'predicants,' 'partizants,' zelants' (Bacon), 'malignants.' Cp. Lear, ii. 2. 98, 'Silly ducking observants, that stretch their duties nicely.'

Odds, viii. 2: Maketh almost no odds between them;' V. Ixii. 10, 'There was odds between Cyprian's cause and theirs ;' VIII. iii, 2, 'The odds between their hope and ours.'

Oftenness, viii. 8: often,' as adj.; often meditations,' Pref. viii. 6; ' often occasions,' V. lxxii. 17.

Omit, x. 13, pass over.

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Only, adj. (spelt onely), ii. 5: One only God ;' x. 3, 'One only family ;' x. 14.

Open, vi. 3, plain, palpable: Things of inferior and more open quality,' xvi. I.

Open (vb.), ii. 6; viii. 7, 8; xvi. I.

Opposite (noun), xvi. 5, opponent: Whereon our opposites in this cause have grounded themselves.' So III. xi. 9, 'Their potent opposites;' V. vii. 3. Cp. Hamlet, v. 2. 62, 'Between the pass and fell incensed points of mighty opposites;' Twelfth Night, iii. 4. 221, 'Your opposite ;' 255, Most skilful, bloody and fatal opposite.'

Oracle, iii. 4: 'oracle of Hippocrates,' text, or saying. Oracles xv. 4, λóyia, of Scripture. Almost always spelt with a capital, as a technical word. See x. 7.

Originally, ii. 3, in the way of origin.

Other. Hooker writes 'divers other' (pl.), iii. 4. Vide vol. iii. 117, Keble's edition; where G. Cranmer objects to the use.

Otherwhere, xiii. 2; V. xx. 2; Comedy of Errors, ii. 1. 30, and 104. Outward, viii. 4: The rule of God's operations outward;' i. e. distinguished from those of his own nature, ii. 2.

Overseen, viii. 2, mistaken: 'So many have been overseen.' Cp. Throgmorton to Cecil, 1560 (Froude, History of England, vii. 306):

Whatever any man doth make your mistress to believe, assure your

self that there never was princess so overseen, if she do not give order to that matter betimes.' It does not occur in Shakespeare. Oversway, vii. 6.

P

Painful, -ness, troublesome, laborious, vii. 7.

Painims, Paynims, iv. I; xv. 4, heathens; Fr. payen, payenisme; Low Lat. paganismus. Paynyme is used for heathenism,' in Robt. Glouc. pp. 401, 403, 412, opposed to Christendom: cp. Joinville, 'toute la paennime' (p. 44. ed. Michel). Next, paynymys for heathen men,' Robt. Glouc. 410.

Part, xvi. 2: Judge in the worse part;' (Latinism ;) x. 9, 'To exercise all parts of rare and beneficial virtue;' Latinism, of stage action. For all parts,' all sides, x. 5.

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Pass, x. 9: The greatest offices

...

to pass by popular election.' Passions, xi. 3, in the neutral sense of states of feeling: 'The soul, as it is preceptive, perfected by those supernatural passions of joy, peace, and delight.'

Permit, x. 5: All permitted unto their wisdom and discretion,' left to.
Pertinent, xvi. 3, relevant.

Peruse, i. 2, examine, or read through with attention.
Polestar, iii. 4: 'polestar of the world.'

Prejudice, vii. 6, prejudgment: The prejudice of sensible experience;' x. 13, No nation can lawfully prejudice (anticipate by its own law) the law of nations.' So Pref. ii. 8, He gained the advantage of prejudice against them if they gainsayed, and of glory above them if they consented.' From the Latin technical law language; vide Sandars' Justinian, 71, and examples in Smith, Lat. Dict. praejudicium. Used also in the sense of hurt,' x. 13.

Presuppose, Presupposal, viii. 7; x. 2; xiv. 1, 4, a favourite word with Hooker.

Pretend, i. 2, put forward, allege. So VI. v. 1; II. v. 6, 7.

Prime, x. 2: Prime of the world.' So VII. xiii. 2; xv. 14.

Probable, -bly, with us is said of the positive effect of proof, and means generally that it is convincing and satisfactory—that the balance is clearly on one side. In Hooker it is generally used of the nature of the proof, and means that it falls short of being conclusive-that it is balanced by equal arguments on the other side. It is opposed to 'infallible truth' (see Bk. V. Dedic. 5), to demonstration' (Answ. to Trav. § 24, demonstrated . . . probably discoursed'), to necessary, xiv. 2; viii. II; xvi. 5. We lay stress on the positive aspect, its likeness to certainty: the earlier writers on the negative, its falling short of certainty.

Proceed, (1) go forward: xi. 1, ‘Our desires do still proceed,' i.e. ever go forward or beyond. So 4, The very process of man's desire. . . should be frustrate, if there were not,' &c. xvi. 4. (2) Used passively, xvi. I, 'All parts of knowledge have been thought by wise men to be then most orderly delivered and proceeded in,' progressively learned, step by step; x. 7, An oracle proceeded from wisdom.'

Process, iii. 4; xi. 4, growth, advance, course, as in Henry VI, Pt. I. iv. 2. 35, Ere the glass .. finish the process of his sandy hour.' Purchase, vii. 1, acquire; Fr. pourchasser; Ital. procacciare. It occurs before 1300: see Morris, Specimens of Early English, ‘King Alexander,' 136.

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Purity, iii. 4: the 'purity' (e. g. of a power) is what it is in itself, apart from the things on which it works; The order of things,' in the purity of God's own knowledge and will is called Providence;' in the things themselves, called by the ancients Destiny.' From the language of the Schools: cp. Bacon's 'Actus purus,' Nov. Org. i. 75, 51; The pure knowledge of nature and universality,' Adv. p. 264.

Q

Quite (vb.) (so in the edd. of 1594 and 1604; 'quit' 1622, and later), xi. 5: Got not so much as to quite their charges' (like 'quit the fine,' or the penalty,' Merch. of Ven. iv. 1. 381; Com. of Err. i. I. 23. In such syllables the final e was very irregular; e. g. we find complet, requisit); transl. of 'Operam simul et industriam perdiderunt.' Quite and clean, xii. 3. So in Sermon i. p. 471; ii. p. 501; iii. p. 641; Preface viii. 12. Common in Hooker.

Ramistry, vi. 4; vide note.

Rapt, iv. I.

R

Read, xvi. 2: God's law discovereth and (as it were) readeth itself to the world by them,' (human laws).

Reflex, iv. 3, reflection: 'By reflex of their understanding on themselves.'

Regiment, i. 1; iii. 4; x. 1, 5; xvi. 6, usual word of the time for 'government.' So 'Church_regiment,' xiv. 5. Cp. His potent regiment,' Ant. and Cleop. iii. 6. 95.

Relief, iii. 2, support.

Relieve, iii. 5; xiii. 1; xiv. 5, to compensate for a defect.
Remiss, -ly, vi. 2; xi. 4.

Resemblance, 'resemblance with God,' v. 2.

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Resemble (active), iv. I, to reflect a likeness: That character which is nowhere but in themselves and us resembled.' Cp. V. xxxvii. 2, 'Yea, so to imitate them, that whether it resemble unto us the same state wherein our minds are.' Vide also v. 2; vii. 2.

Resolution, iii. 4, in the same sense. Vide II. i. 3, the full phrase, ' resolution of doubts,' Serm. iii. 598.

Resolve, x. 14, to set free from doubt. II. iv. 2; vi. 3.

Respect, xvi. 4, have regard to. Hooker uses the adj. respective, 'wary and respective men,' V. i. 1, i. e. circumspect: again, ‘a respective eye' (Answ. to Trav. § 26), partial, or anxious. So "Voices given respectively, with a kind of secret dependency and awe' (with respect of persons), Pref. ii. 4. Rewardable, xi. 5.