A Monograph ON PSYCHOLOGY AND PEDAGOGY BY DR. KARL LANGE DIRECTOR OF THE HIGHER BURGHER-SCHOOL, PLAUEN, GER. TRANSLATED AND PRESENTED TO AMERICAN TEACHERS BY THE ELMER E. BROWN, CHARLES DE GARMO, MRS. EUDORA HAILMANN, EDITED BY CHARLES DE GARMO BOSTON, U. S. A. D. C. HEATH & COMPANY, PUBLISHERS 1894 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 1. The Object that is Apperceived (Choice and Arrange- ment of the Subject-matter of Education) EDITOR'S PREFACE. If we inquire into the genesis of our present educational ideals, we shall find that they take their rise in the hearts of a few great men. Comenius, Rousseau, and Pestalozzi, to whom much that is excellent in our American schools to-day can be traced, were men who wrote and taught because they saw a great need, because their intense emotional natures were stirred to the depths at the sight of children growing up in ignorance or wasting the precious time of youth in empty verbalism. Like all great reformers, they were governed more by their feelings and instincts than by the scientific spirit, which analyzes everything, never taking a step not warranted by logical deduction. Logic is too cold and slow for a man whose heart is on fire with some plan for the regeneration of society. The initial impulses of our educational advance have been given by men of this type. Usually they have cared but little, even in the later years of their activity, for putting their ideas into scientific form. Where they have done so, however, it is evident that they have merely adopted the primitive psychological conceptions current among the people. Early attempts to reduce these psychological notions to a system led to the theory of disparate or independent "faculties," out of which at a later |