App. The Convention of Geneva, 1864

App. Lieber's instructions for armies of the United States.
App. Halleck's instructions as commander-in-chief

CHAPTER XXII

Enemy's Property on the High Seas

I. No relaxation of ancient rules as to maritime captures

2. Attempts to modify it

3. Difficulties in its application

4. Ownership at time of capture.

5. Rule as to consignee.

6.

Doctrine in the United States courts

7. Contract and shipment made in contemplation of war

8. Contract made in peace and shipment in war

9. If both be made in time of peace

10. Shipment at risk of neutral consignee

II.

If neutral consignor become an enemy during voyage

12. Acceptance in transitu by neutral consignee.

13. Change of ownership by stoppage in transitu

14. National character of goods .

15. Transfer of enemy's ships to neutrals .

1. Property of subjects engaged in trade with the enemy liable

to confiscation

2. Exceptions to rule

124

125

PARA.

3. Rule rigorously enforced

4. Cases of attempt to evade it

6.

5. Withdrawal from enemy's country at beginning of war

Distinction between cases of domicile and mere residence

7. Necessity of a license of withdrawal discussed.

Decisions in the United States.

8.

9.

IO.

11.

12.

Where order of shipment cannot be countermanded

Good faith or a mistake no defence

Trade through a neutral port

Continuous voyages

13. When offence is completed.

14. Share of partner in neutral house

15. Transfer of ships.

16. Regularity of papers not conclusive

17. Trade by stranger in enemy's country

18. Distinction as to native subject

19. Acceptance of a license from enemy

137

I.

No intercourse with a place besieged or blockaded

2. Authority to institute sieges and blockades.

3. Distinction between them

182

183

184

20.

Cases which preclude denial of knowledge.

21. When presumption of knowledge may be rebutted

192

14. Effect of maritime blockades on interior communications

192

193

194

17. Public notification charges parties with knowledge

195

195

196

196

22.

Proof of actual knowledge or warning.

197

198

199

200

200

201

27. When presumption of intention to enter cannot be repelled 202

28. Neutral vessels entering in ballast.

13. Disagreement as to what particular articles are contraband 222

14. Views of Grotius and others

222

CHAPTER XXVII

Right of Visitation and Search

I. General exemption of merchant vessels on the high seas

2. Right of search a belligerent right.

3. Claim of England to visit in time of peace.

4.

Claim denied by the United States

241

5. Views of the United States sustained by American publicists 243

6. By Continental writers

244

7. Of Lord Stowell

245

8. Distinction beween pirates and slavers

246

9. Final settlement of British claims with regard to the slave