commanded. Moreover, this meekness and forbearance, or freedom from private revenge, is made a universal duty. Therefore, of necessity, it should characterize the way in which the rising generation ought to go, in order to being found therein when old. The subject before us teaches, that if such spirit and life appear in age, training to it must be carried on in youth. Without this latter, anticipations of the former are utterly groundless. This feature of the training of our children, in part at least, may be secured by inculcating gentleness and kindness towards the companions of their childhood and youth. Practical lessons from this source frequently, perhaps daily, may arise. And they do well and wisely who improve those opportunities, by whatever means within their power to educate the child. Two or three particulars suggest themselves in respect to this training, and in order to secure this desirable result.

1. Children should receive instruction concerning the duty and advantage of kindness. Show them plainly what the word of God, as our only guide and ultimate appeal, requires of all in common intercourse and times of provocation. Reference to the Bible will give great weight, in the esteem of a child properly instructed, to all that may be said and done. But this is a case which admits and calls for much explanation and reasoning, so as to win the child to a conformity, by the certain advantages of performing this duty. In his times of provocation, we may appeal to him with the assurance that his own personal comfort is at stake, in the course pursued. That his own happiness will be greater by forbearance-and, at such a time, by kindness even-than it possibly can be by anger; or by giving, and perhaps receiving, wounds and bruises in actual strife. That when the heat of excitement is passed, it will be much pleasanter to think of his little playmate, spared from hatred and personal injury, rather than suffering both, because of his impetuous haste and self-revenge. It were well, perhaps, to enforce by some example. If no other is at hand, rehearse the case of Saul and David (1 Sam. 24: 1-22). Tell him what a very malignant, bitter, persecuting enemy, Saul was. Also, that David spared the life of this deadly enemy, and even did him no harm, when it was in the power of his hand to do it. Then ask, whether was happier, David, exultingly exclaiming, "Thine eyes have seen how that the Lord had delivered thee to-day into mine hand in the cave: and some bade me kill thee: but mine eye spared thee;" or Saul, the enemy and injurer, who, when a little reflection, for a moment, cooled his anger, replies, "Is this thy voice, my son David? And lifted up his voice and wept?" In all these efforts, it may be well and best not to forget that the insults and injuries of childhood are sometimes even more for them to bear-certainly quite as much-as the insults and injuries of riper years. Perhaps there is nothing gained by telling the crying and offended child, that it is nothing, when-as trifling as it may

appear to others-he most keenly feels that insult by harsh epithets-suffering from violence by another, or having his toy taken, broken, or destroyed, is almost too much for him to bear. True, he should be taught the art of distinguishing between real and only imaginary evils. Still, if we see his case to be a real one-a provocation from some such case as now supposed, quite equal to his years either tacitly or formally admit, according to his own conception of it, the wrong he has received. But such admission forms at once a most important point for action. For then will be the time for effort, on our part, to have him show a nobleness of soul, by forgiving a great and actual injury, and treating the injurer with kindness. Because it is certain, that if he is not now fully impressed with this, both in theory and practice, to the degree of forbearance from resenting his own injuries, in vain will we expect that forbearance from him, when grown to manhood.

2. If our lessons do not succeed, the child must be authoritatively restrained from private revenge. In every such instance of contrary practice, prompt correction should follow. But, in this case, why would he deserve correction? Not that he has not been wronged; not that the injurer is not ill-deserving. But simply, because he assumed the right of avenging his own wrongs. Instead of using violence to any other degree than that of necessary selfdefence, his province was to report to authority the evil he had received, and, with that authority, leave it for redress. In his case, the proper authority is parental; either the parents of the injurer or his own. The connection between his readiness thus to report in childhood, and his reference of wrongs in manhood to civil authority, is too obvious to need comment.

If, instead of referring to parents or guardians, the child is permitted to control others and avenge himself, who can be in doubt concerning the character of the man? With the Bible and experience for our guide, it is probable that that youth is destined for notoriety, as a bully for fight, or as a duellist, or one of the numerous host that requite their own wrongs by plunging a dagger into their neighbour's heart. The murderer, the duellist, the fighter, each has had a training in his youth, which prepared him for his end. It was such training as all receive that are permitted to pass their childhood in the indulgence of untaught, unrebuked, unpunished anger, inflicting vengeance and harm for childhood's wrongs. And to that training may be traced the bloody gore of the murderer's victim, and the awful agony and disgrace on the murderer's gallows, just as certainly as the riving of the full-grown and sturdy oak seeks its cause in the gleaming, resistless thunderbolt.

3. Example of self-government will be essential.-Well-nigh in vain will be the theory and coercion, so far as concerns the efficient preparation of the child for the conflicts of riper years, without a wholesome example from the parents, guardians, or teachers, to

whom that child has been intrusted. Suppose one, standing in either of these relations, to have no command over himself or herself, upon every and daily provocation to fly promptly and unmistakably into a passion, and, by word or deed, to seek evil to one from whom wrong has been received; or, with such a spirit, to scold and punish the child offending: who does not believe that these instances of vindictive anger will make a more lasting impression upon the child who witnesses them, than many formal lessons of forbearance, when that child is angry and weeping, because of some insult or injury experienced by himself? Who can doubt that the angry tones of many children are but the echo of those who have charge of them? Who can be more in doubt that many of their angry quarrels are but miniature representations of the prompt passions of their own parents or teachers, and how passionately the rod is used upon themselves?

Fully to prepare others, therefore, for usefulness and a patient manhood, an essential characteristic of the training must be our own self-government.

L. H. C.

CHIEF JUSTICE MARSHALL AND HIS WIFE.

THE strength as well as tenderness of Judge Marshall's attachment to Mrs. Marshall will appear from the following affecting tribute to her memory, written by himself, December 25th, 1832:

"This day of joy and festivity to the whole Christian world is, to my sad heart, the anniversary of the keenest affliction which humanity can sustain. While all around is gladness, my mind dwells on the silent tomb, and cherishes the remembrance of the beloved object which it contains.

"On the 25th of December, 1831, it was the will of Heaven to take to itself the companion who had sweetened the choicest part of my life, had rendered toil a pleasure, had partaken of all my feelings, and was enthroned in the inmost recess of my heart. Never can I cease to feel the loss and to deplore it. Grief for her is too sacred ever to be profaned on this day, which shall be, during my existence, marked by a recollection of her virtues.

"On the 3d of January, 1783, I was united by the holiest bands to the woman I adored. From the moment of our union, to that of our separation, I never ceased to thank Heaven for this its best gift. Not a moment passed which I did not consider her as a blessing from which the chief happiness of my life was derived. This never-dying sentiment, originating in love, was cherished by a long and close observation of as amiable and estimable qualities as ever adorned the female bosom. To a person which in youth was very attractive, to manners uncommonly pleasing, she added a fine understanding, and the sweetest temper which can accompany a just and modest sense of what was due to herself. She was

educated with a profound reverence for religion, which she preserved to her last moments. This sentiment, among her earliest and deepest impressions, gave a coloring to her whole life. Hers was the religion taught by the Saviour of man. She was a firm believer in the faith inculcated by the Church (Episcopal) in which she was bred.

"I have lost her, and with her have lost the solace of my life! Yet she remains still the companion of my retired hours, still occupies my inmost bosom. When alone and unemployed, my mind still recurs to her. More than a thousand times since the 25th of December, 1831, have I repeated to myself the beautiful lines written by General Burgoyne, under a similar affliction, substituting Mary' for 'Anna :'

"Encompassed in an angel's frame,
An angel's virtues lay;

Too soon did Heaven assert its claim,
And take its own away!

My Mary's worth, my Mary's charms

Can never more return!

What now shall fill these widowed arms?

Ah, me! my Mary's urn!

Ah, me! ah, me! my Mary's urn!"

OUR CHILDREN.

FOR what do we rear them? What is the reward for days of toil and wakeful nights?

Is there any surety that a mother's hopeful prayers for her children, shall be answered by a life of virtue here, and an eternity of happiness hereafter?

A mother's trusting heart answers with the firmness of faith, There is for has not He, whose Word is sure, promised it?

Though it may be long ere the seed we have planted and watered with ceaseless energy shall spring up, yet at some time the fruits will appear. I believe most firmly in the literal fulfilment of the promise-"Train up a child in the way he should go, and when he is old, he will not depart from it."

The Saviour, with inviting voice,
Says, "Let your children come!
For them there's love within my breast,
And in my kingdom room."

Bistorical and Biographical.

REV. JOSIAS MACKIE'S WILL.

[All documents, illustrating the character, standing, and pursuits of the early fathers, are of much interest. The Will of the Rev. Josias Mackie, who was a contemporary of Makemie, and the earliest of the Presbyterian fathers, has never been published until the present time. This document has been brought to light by the persevering labours of the Rev. ISAAC W. K. HANDY, who will yet, we trust, discover many treasures long hid in historical recesses, and lost to public view.

We insert Mr. Handy's letter of explanation at the end of the Will.]

REV. JOSIAS MACKIE'S WILL.

In the name of God, Amen. On the seventh day of November, Anno Dom. 1716, I, Josias Mackie, Minister of Norfolk County, being sick, and weak in body, butt of good and perfect memory, thanks be to Almighty God, and calling to remembrance the uncertainty of this Life, Doe make, constitute, and declare this my last Will and Testament, in manner and forme following, revoking and annulling, by these presents, all and every will and wills heretofore by me made, and this, onely, to be taken for my Last Will and Testament; and first, being heartily sorry for my sins past, most humbly desiring forgiveness of the same, I commit my soul to Almighty God, trusting to receive full pardon, and free justification, through the merits of Jesus Christ, and my body to be buried in Decent and Christian manner, at the Discretion of my Executors, hereafter named; and as to the settling of such Temporal Estate as it has pleased God to bestow on me, I Doe Order, give, and dispose the same in manner and forme following:

1

Imp. I give and bequeath unto Elizabeth Wishard, and John Wishard, sonn and daughter of John and Mary Wishard, tenn pounds in money, to be Equally Divided between them, to be delivered to them immediately after my decease.

Item. I give and bequeath unto William and Mary Johnson, children of Jacob Johnson, Deceased, and Margarett, tenn pounds in money, to be equally divided between them, when they come of age or married.

Item. I give and bequeath unto those four persons above named, (viz.) Elizabeth and John Wishard, William and Mary Johnson, all my new goods, both woolling and linning (Excepting what I shall hereafter except), to be equally divided between them and the said Wishards, to have their parts Immediately after my decease, and the said Johnsons when they shall come of age or married.

Item. I give and bequeath unto the several children, now living, of my three sisters, Mary, Margarett, and Rebecca, daughters of Mrs. Patrick Mackie, some time of St. Johnstone, in the County of Donigall, of the Kingdom of Ireland, all the remaining part of my money, which is in ready cash in Virginia, to be divided between them, which I desire may be transmitted home by my Executors hereafter named, in the bills of Exchange, upon my cost and charges by them; Direct to such person or persons as they think Best in the City of London, on, and from thence