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any thing more than a nominal value, and this is the real foundation of the future prosperity of this colony. All that is requisite is, that the terms of our tenure should be fixed for a time certain-that we should not be exposed from year to year to the capricious exactions which any governor of this colony for the time being may think fit to impose upon us."

A Brief Sketch of the Certain Danger of a Re-introduction of Corporat Punishment into the Indian Native Army: with Characteristic Traits of the Sepoy. By an INDIAN OFFICER. London, 1845. Smith, Elder, & Co. THE writer of this pamphlet, upon the supposition that the punishment of flogging is about to be re-introduced into the native Indian army, endeavours to show that "the intended measure is fraught with danger to our Indian rule," and will have "the most pernicious effect on the character of that army." It is clear that the re-introduction of a punishment abolished, because it was considered unnecessary and degrading, is subject to very different considerations from those which apply to the continuance of it whilst existing. As the subject of flogging in the Indian army will be treated, by a very competent writer, in our next journal, we shall abstain from further remarks upon it here.

▲ Grammar of the Cree Language: with which is combined an Analysis of the Chippeway Dialect. By JOSEPH Howse, Esq., F. R. G.S. London, 1844. Rivingtons.

THE structure of languages spoken by rude nations is a department of philology which has been too much neglected. This is a very copious analysis of the leading native language of all the tribesbelonging to the British settlements in North America; indeed, in its different dialects, it is spoken over 60 degrees of longitude, from Pennsylvania, south, to Churchill River, Hudson's Bay, north; and from Labrador and the Atlantic, east, to the Mississippi, west. Historically, or as connected with the origin of nations, the language is also full of interest, and the author, accordingly, has furnished the philologer with means of comparing this leading language of the new with those of the old world, "at the same time exhibiting the internal structure and mechanism of a new system of speech,—a new plan of communicating thought.' Mr. Howse tells us that he has been for twenty years in the service of the Hudson's Bay Company, and, during that period, engaged in almost uninterrupted intercourse with the natives.

The work is not only highly curious in a scientific point of view, but of great value to those, especially missionaries, who have to communicate with the tribes who speak the dialects.

The Duties of Judge Advocates: compiled from Her Majesty's and the Hon. East-India Company's Military Regulations, and from the Works of various writers on Military Law. By Captain R. M. HUGHES, Bombay Army, Deputy Judge Advocate General, Scinde Field Force. London, 1845. Smith, Elder, & Co.

THIS in an epitome of the works of Tytler, Vans Kennedy, Simmons, Hough, Adye, Griffiths, and other writers, and of the regulations, extremely well methodized, succinct, and above all, clear. It will not supersede the other works (it is not so intended), but it is a fit companion for each; and, compendious as it is, contains matters not to be found in any one of them.

Correspondence.

PROPOSED SCHOOL AT SIMLA.

TO THE EDITOR.

SIR, I believe that the members of the services resident in Upper India have very generally felt the want of some establishment in their vicinity calculated to afford to their sons the same solid and superior education they have themselves received.

The climate of India does not generally agree with children beyond the age of five; but at that age parents most naturally regret much the being obliged to part with beings whom they have reared with such solicitude through the most dangerous period of youthful existence; and, moreover, they often find that it is either too expensive, or from other causes inconvenient, at that particular time, to send them home.

The climate of the hills in general, and that of Simla in particular, has been pronounced by medical men to be most healthy, and well adapted for rearing children at a far more advanced age.

Moreover, Simla is the largest and most frequented sanatarium in the hills; and by the close proximity of the stations of Kussowlie and Subathoo, is the most fitted for an establishment which might, at times, be visited by the parents during the course of their children's education.

Under these considerations, I propose to establish at Simla a proprietary school (in many respects similar in arrangement and rules to that recently brought into operation at Cheltenham), for receiving boys from the age of four to twelve.

It would be requisite to provide the means of instruction in reading, writing, spelling, arithmetic, geography, and the first branches of mathematics; Latin, and Greek. To this might be added French, German, natural philosophy (as applicable to the arts and sciences), and gymnastics. For this purpose a head master would be required from England-a man of ability and education, possessing gentlemanlike manners, and the highest moral recommendations. For, at the tender age at which the pupils are likely to be sent, they are peculiarly susceptible to impressions on these points, and any wrong direction or bias given to their minds would more than counterbalance the small degree of book-learning which they might be expected to acquire.

It would be essentially necessary that the head master should be married, and that his wife should possess, in every particular of manner and feeling, the qualities which are considered indispensable in the husband.

To boys of such tender age, the care and solicitude of a person qualified to take the place of a mother, would be invaluable, and most necessary. Many parents would, doubtless, send their sons to the hills and to this establishment more as a place where they could be boarded and taken care of, within reach, without prejudice to their health, than for purposes of study. And it is proposed that the vacation should only take place once a year; a long vacation, say from the 1st of December to the 15th of March, so as to afford time for the children to visit their parents or guardians.

It is supposed that about 20,000 rupees would be required to build the school at Simla, and about 10,000 more to meet the first expenses of the undertaking. This is, I think, the utmost we need calculate. I should myself be inclined to estimate these items respectively at 15,000 and 8,000, giving a total of 23,000 rupees; but as it is always better rather to over-estimate than under-estimate expenses, let it be supposed that 30,000 rupees are required to set the establishment on foot.

For this it is hoped that 100 subscribers may be found, each willing to subscribe £30 or 300 rupees. But were the proposal to meet with such support as to enable us to start with 200 instead of 100 subscribers, it would probably reduce the amount of subscription by a full third. I estimate roughly as follows the probable yearly expenses chargeable to the subscribers for their nominees.

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I thus make the fixed expense to each shareholder, whether the nominee be sent or not, from 60 to 82 rupees, and the contingent expenses 170 per annum; total 252. The head master and his wife would probably require an advance of some £300 or £400 to enable them to procure their outfit and passage to India. He would of course be required to furnish proper security to the managing members that the money be not needlessly risked.

It may be considered that making any part of the yearly charges payable by the subscribers, whether the nominee be sent or not, would deter many from joining the undertaking.

This provision will, I apprehend, only be called into play during the first few years of the opening of the school; and once the establishment of scholars is completed might, if so considered advisable, be annulled or modified. But at first, and until the school is filled, this provision is indispensable, as otherwise the expense would fall entirely on those who filled up their nominations.

Should I find these proposals meet the approbation of many members of the services now resident in England, I shall propose that such subscribers, as may find it convenient, form themselves into a committee in London for the immediate carrying out of the project. Meanwhile, I earnestly request the cordial co-operation of every member of the services, and all others who may feel interested in the undertaking. I am, Sir, yours faithfully,

Bush Hotel,

Kemp Town, Brighton.

Dec. 17th, 1844.

C. GUBBINS, Bengal Civil Service. Address-Care of Messrs. Grindlay and Co., Cornhill; or-Care of Messrs. Colville, Gilmore, and Co., Calcutta.

ENTERTAINMENTS TO SIR HENRY POTTINGER.

The arrival of Sir Henry Pottinger in this country has been followed by a variety of entertainments given to that right honourable gentleman, as tokens of the satisfaction felt by the commercial community especially at his diplo matic services in China.

On the 11th of December, Sir Henry was entertained at Merchant Taylors' Hall, by the merchants of the city of London trading to China and the EastIndies, in order to testify their high approval of the distinguished ability and zeal displayed by him as British Plenipotentiary, in negotiating so successfully the commercial treaty with China. Covers were laid for 330. Mr. John A. Smith, M. P., officiated as chairman. Immediately on his right hand sat Sir Henry Pottinger, Bart., the Marquess of Normanby, and Lord Palmerston, and on the left the Earl of Aberdeen and Sir James Graham.

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After the usual preliminary toasts, the Chairman gave "the health of their distinguished guest, Sir Henry Pottinger," towards whom they were met to acknowledge a deep debt of gratitude. "We have known so little hitherto of that remarkable people to which the events of this day peculiarly refer," he observed, that I believe we are as yet unable to acknowledge as we ought all that we owe to the firmness, the patience, the temper, and the forbearance of our distinguished guest. We do not know all the difficulties which beset his path; but we can understand and appreciate the conduct of him who, himself a soldier, knew that the only just end of war was honourable peace, and who in the consciousness of irresistible power found in the weakness and terror of his opponents the most irresistible arguments for mercy, moderation, and forbearance. There is one other circumstance to which I wish to call your attention, and to which I allude with peculiar pleasure. I believe that the interests of England forbid all exclusive selfishness. Her interests do not stand isolated and alone. I rejoice, therefore, that Sir Henry Pottinger, following the dictates of his own vigorous understanding and his own generous nature, extended to all other nations of the world whatever advantages the Chinese treaty conferred upon his own country. I rejoice that if it was ever thought England fought China for selfish and exclusive advantages, our illustrious guest dispelled that illusion and vindicated the motives of England to the world."

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Sir Henry Pottinger, in returning thanks, took occasion to say, that the expedition up to Nankin was the most extraordinary event in the history of any country in the world. It surmounted physical difficulties which the Chinese themselves believed utterly impossible. When the Bogue forts had been silenced at the mouth of the river by the gallantry of our troops, the Governor of Nankin, I know for a fact, wrote to the emperor, saying he might feel quite easy, for the expedition could never reach him. With respect to matters of trade, I believe the treaty includes every thing desirable for England and for China. I am now speaking impartially. Having reflected seriously on it since I returned to England, I really see no point in which any amendment of importance can be made. There are some points no doubt susceptible of amendment, but on all the leading important points it requires no alteration. It is one great advantage, that it is likely to benefit England and China in the same degree. The interests of both countries are, in fact, similarly affected. A very erroneous impression went abroad, through, I believe, some papers at Canton, that there had been some mistake committed in the treaty. That is quite incorrect. It arose from the necessity of my making public an abstract

of the treaty, while the Chinese published the whole, and a translation was made with many important omissions. Having been asked seriously whether there was any ground for the allegation that mistakes had been committed, I am happy to say that there is no cause whatever for the alarm. I feel it right, on this most public occasion, to say that I look upon Hong-Kong still as the best position for British enterprise. Unfortunately, it has been unhealthy; but there is nothing in its appearance or situation that should render it so, and those who would substitute Chusan for it are, in my humble opinion, in error. Chusan is an island containing 60,000 inhabitants, and is situated in the midst of an archipelago, containing at least 1,000,000 inhabitants, which it would at all times be difficult to prevent coming into jealous and angry discussions with this country, whilst our own colony is sufficient for all commercial purposes." The Earl of Aberdeen, in responding to the toast, "the health of her Majesty's Ministers," availed himself of the opportunity publicly to declare the opinions he entertained of the abilities, the character, and the conduct of the distinguished person whom they had that day met to honour. "It has been my duty," said the earl, "frequently to express those sentiments to himself, as it has also been my more pleasing and more important duty repeatedly to convey to him the gracious approbation of his sovereign. I may venture on this occasion to congratulate a noble friend of mine who preceded me in the office I now have the honour to hold, as being the means of obtaining for this country the eminent services of Sir Henry Pottinger as Plenipotentiary in China. I have for three years been in constant correspondence with Sir Henry, and it is no more than truth to declare that I think no mail ever arrived from China without bringing to me fresh reasons to be deeply sensible of his merits, and his just claims to the gratitude of his country. You may readily imagine that, in a country like China, so distant, so different in almost every respect from those of which we have any knowledge, with every desire on the part of the Government at home to assume responsibility, to give every kind of assistance, to provide by instructions for all contingencies, yet very much, under these circumstances, must always depend upon the judgment and discretion of the person who, on the spot, is to administer the instructions he may receive. I believe that there never was a man in whom the Government and the country might more safely repose confidence in such a situation than Sir Henry Pottinger. And permit me to say that, when difficulties arose, as difficulties numerous and weighty did arise, unforeseen and unexpected, by his ability, by his firmness, his perseverance and energy, he was enabled to meet and overcome them all. I will only repeat the great gratification I feel in the opportunity of paying my humble tribute to his transcendant abilities."

Lord Palmerston, on his health being drunk, said :-" My noble friend has congratulated me and my late colleagues upon having been so fortunate as to choose so able a public servant. It was, indeed, a piece of good fortune for us as well as for the country. But I am bound to say, that that choice arose from no private partialities. Sir Henry Pottinger was pointed out to us solely and alone by the distinguished services which in a former part of his career he had rendered to his country. Though it was my duty, from the office I held, to propose the individual who was to go out as Plenipotentiary, I had not at that time the pleasure and advantage even of personal acquaintance with Sir H. Pottinger. He was selected solely from the high character which he then bore, and which subsequent events have not only amply sustained, but raised still higher, in the estimation of his sovereign and the country at large. We have

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