ormed with four crosses, ---de-lis, which is the crest --> four diadems, which This coi - as a globe with 2 the judo so Simplicius a suffered marty. is a cross. -s of eight fleur-de-lis, society or coil. chain, or sus, -longs are adorned were martyred by out, six, or eight s - - - --sists alternately -sh, in the middle the royal diadem. others of the king ~3 with large indent ---is terminating in a riant crowns originated with the Roman emperors, who had four kinds, all seen on medals, viz., a crown of laurel, a radial or radiating crown, a crown adorned with pearls and precious stones, and the fourth a kind of bonnet or cap, something like the mortier. In modern heraldry we have the following order and description of the various crowns now in use :The Imperial crown is a bonnet or tiara, with a semicircle of gold supporting a globe with a cross top. The British crown is adorned with four crosses, between which are four fleur-de-lis, which is the crest of France ; it is covered with four diadems, which meet at a little globe supporting a cross. The French crown is a circle of eight fleur-de-lis, encompassed with six diadems, bearing at top double fleur-de-lis as the crest. The Spanish crown is adorned with large indent leaves, and covered with diadems terminating in a globe, Surrounded with a cross. The crowns of almost all other kings are adorned with large leaves, bordered with four, six, or eight diadems, with a globe and cross at top. The Prince of Wales's crown consists alternately of crosses and fleur-de-lis, with one arch, in the middle of which is a ball and cross, as in the royal diadem. That of all the other sons and brothers of the king of England consist likewise of crosses and fleur-de-lis alternately, but without an arch, or being surmounted with a globe and cross at top. That of the other Princes of the blood consists alternately of crosses and leaves, like those in the coronet of Dukes, &c., the latter being composed of leaves of smallage or parsley, and that of a Marquis, of flowers and pearls placed alternately; an Earl's has no flowers about the circle like a Duke and Marquis, but only points rising, and a pearl on every one of them ; a Viscount has neither flowers nor points raised above the circle like the other superior degrees, but only pearls placed on the circle itself, without any limited number; a Baron's has only six pearls on the golden border, not raised, to distinguish him from the Earl, and the number of them limited, to show he is inferior to the Viscount. SINGULARITIES OBSERVED BY WARIOUS NATIONS IN - THEIR REPASTS. As nearly all manners of ceremonies and social customs are associated with banquets or substantial entertainment, the following account of the domestic etiquette and courtesies of the peoples of various nations, when partaking of food with diplomatic relations or friends, from the pen of the elder Disraeli, throws light upon the subject, which, but for him, might now have been for ever lost sight of. In introducing the article the author says—“I have collected from a very curious book, entitled — L'Esprit des Usages et des Coutumes,' the greater part of the present article." The Maldivian islanders eat alone. They retire into the most hidden parts of their houses : and they draw down the cloths that serve as blinds for the windows, that they may eat unobserved. This custom probably arises from the savage, in the early period of society, concealing himself to eat; he fears that another, with as sharp an appetite, but more strong than himself, should come and ravish his meal from him. The ideas of witchcraft are also widely spread among barbarians; and they are not a little fearful that some incantation may among their victuals. In noticing the solitary meal of the Maldivian islander, another reason may be alleged for this. misanthropical repast. They never will eat with any one who is inferior to them in birth, in riches, or dignity; and as it is a difficult matter to settle this. equality, they are condemned to lead this unsociable life. On the contrary, the islanders of the Philippines |