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NOTES ON BOOKS:-' Dictionary of National Biography,' Vols. IX. and X.-Morley's English Writers,' Vol. I.Ellis's Christopher Marlowe'- Hunnewell's England's Chronicle in Stone'-Hall's Society in the Elizabethan Age'-Ellis's Irish Educational Directory.' Notes. UNPUBLISHED POEM ATTRIBUTED TO COWPER. A few years since I was staying with my sister at Weston-super-Mare. In the same house was Mrs. Gabert, the widow of a clergyman. Being confined to the house by rain, I found a volume of Cowper, lent me by Mrs. Gabert, very useful. I read to the lady, and I suppose said so much to her in praise of my favourite poet, that a few days after I had left she handed to my sister a copy of "Bless my heart, how cold it is !" endorsed, in her late husband's handwriting, "From a manuscript by Cowper, hitherto unpublished," saying, "Send this to your brother; it may interest him." I read the piece over and over again, and came to the conclusion that it was what it professed to be, a genuine production of the poet. When I came to Humanity, delightful tale," I could not doubt. Here was all the poet's tenderness. His humour and healthy tone, I thought, too, were both apparent. Being, however, a nobody myself, I sent a copy to the Rev. Wm. Benham, the editor of the Globe edition of Cowper. He replied to me thus: "I am very much obliged to you for your kind letter and interesting enclosure. The latter is really a remarkable document. I very much incline to think it genuine. It is one of that sort of effusion which he was in the habit of throwing off, like The Journey to Clifton' and 'Which nobody can deny.' Finding that a kinsman of Cowper, the Rev. Wm. Cowper Johnson, was still living, I sent him a copy. He wrote me from Northwold Rectory, Brandon, Norfolk, thus:— "The delay in my acknowledging your kind note has arisen from my having changed my abode lately. Let the son of my father, the kinsman of Cowper (the Norme thank you for recognizing in so unworthy a man folk Johnny of Cowper's letters). Your love for the poet cannot surpass mine. Whatever had been so much as even lying in his drawer I should in some sort value. But this very love for him will make us both cautious how we attribute to his muse lines which, in the sort of opinion that an uncritical judge may form, seem to lines is in keeping with Cowper's exquisite sympathies, fall short of his inspiration. The general spirit of these but the wording of them I think is scarcely up to his work." The kinsman, you see, has not been so kind to my judgment as the stranger. My object in sending the lines to you is that, should you think proper to print them, they may reach the eye of the some one who has the manuscript, and thus solve the riddle. Mrs. Gabert found the copy among her husband's papers; but I have failed to discover the possessor of the manuscript of Cowper. BLESS MY HEART, HOW COLD IT IS. Hark! the blustering Boreas blows. See the waters round are froze. The trees that skirt the dreary plain All day a murmuring cry maintain; The trembling forest hears their groan, And sadly answers moan for moan. Such is the tale, O'er hill and dale, Each traveller may behold it is; While low and high Are heard to cry, "Bless my heart, how cold it is!" To stir is loth, And trembling cries, "How cold it is!" Tells this sad tale 66 Still, still complains, Bless my heart, how cold it is !" Now the poor newsman from the town "Go take his paper, Richard, go, And give a dram to make him glow." Such was thy cry, Humanity, More precious far than gold it is, When newsmen feel, Of real grief unfolded is, The means to live To those who feel how cold it is. Perhaps some soldier, blind or maimed, For what they've done, sure bold it is; "Bless my heart, how cold it is!" And now, ye sluggards, sloths, and beaux, Who never found it yet offend, 'Tis there life's balmy blessing lies. And frozen you behold it is, Your blood shall glow, And swiftly flow. And you'll not cry, "How cold it is !" JOHN TAYLOR. SPENSER'S VISIONS OF PETRARCH.' Having in 7th S. ii. 443, said a few words on Spenser's 1569 'Sonets'-afterwards in 1590 reformed and added to and called 'The Visions of Du Bellay'-I would now turn to the history of his Petrarchian pieces. In 1569 six of these 'Epigrams,' as he then called them, appeared in Vander Nordt's Theatre,' &c., of that date. And on reference to Petrarch I find that these were translated from canzone 58, as the Venice edition of 1584 has it, or as that of Milan, 1805, numbers it, 54, commencing Standomi un giorno solo alla finestra. Each epigram comprises in order twelve lines of this canzone, such divisions being marked out in the canzone itself by the subjects treated of, and by ll. 1, 13, 25, 37, 49, and 61 being put back a little to the left of the others. Similarly 1. 73 is put back, and 11. 78-5, the concluding lines of the canzone, form the untitled conclusion or postscript to Spenser's epigrams. But Spencer did not, I find, translate directly from the Italian. In 1568 Vander Nordt published in England, John Day being his publisher, with the same dedication to Queen Elizabeth, the same booklet, but all in French, that was republished in English with Spenser's translations of the poems in 1569. From this prior edition, unnoticed by the editors of Spenser, he translated its six Epigrammes' and its untitled conclusion, each "epigramme" in it being in twelve lines, like the portion of the canzone from which it was translated, and rhyming thus, 1, 3, 4; 2, 5, 6; 7, 8; 9, 12; 10, 11. The four lines of the conclusion again, that is 11. 73-5 of the original, are, like Spenser's, in couplets. These are followed, as in the 1569 edition, by the sonnets of Du Bellay, and these by the four Revelation sonnets, on which I shall speak hereafter. Having carefully collated the canzone with its French and English translations, and also with Spenser's reformed version in his 'Visions' of 1590, I can say first, and with the utmost confidence, that the Epigrams' of 1569 were translated from the French Epigrammes' of 1568. Out of various examples these eight will prove this general conclusion. 6 L. 4 of the canzone (i. 4 of the French and Spenser's epigrams) has "Fera," the French "bische," the English the equivalent of the latter, "Hynde." L. 5 (i. 5) runs thus Con fronte umana, da far arder Giove Belle pour plaire au souverain des Dieux, So faire as mought the greatest God delite: where, besides translating the French epithet for "Jove," he, as more than once elsewhere, omits, like the French, "Con fronte umana,” and hence, instead of giving the equivalent of "arder," translates the French "plaire" as "delite." Ll. 13, 15 (ii. 1-3), are, the French and English additions being italicized : Indi per alto mar vidi una Nave Puis en mer hault ung navire advisoie The sailes of Golde, of Silke the tackle were, and there are six or more instancas of this transposition of clauses or words made in the French and followed in the English version. I add, as a matter of interest otherwise, that while Spenser, "Heben" for in his 'F. Queene,' thrice uses "ash," he here, at an earlier date, uses it as the equivalent of the French Hebène-ebony. |