Romans at their meals, as we see by the woodcut above. Two or more lay on one couch, leaning on the left elbow, with the head toward the table, and the feet behind the body of the right hand neighbour. This latter, turning his back on the former, is said to be lying in his bosom. The accompanying drawing is from a Roman bas-relief in Bartoli's Admiranda.

If we compare the accounts of the Last Supper in the four Gospels, we shall see that the narrative in the Fourth is told with the greater accuracy. John was asked to put a question to Jesus in a whisper as he was lying in Jesus' bosom. He did so by leaning back on his breast, and then Jesus answered him by dipping the sop. The sign of dipping the sop was used because the question was asked in a whisper, and was to be answered silently. In the other Gospels the dipping the sop seems an unnecessary act.

JOHN, XIX. 13.

"When Pilate heard that saying he brought Jesus forth, and sat down in the judgment seat, in a place that is called the Pavement, but in the Hebrew, Gabbatha."

A coin either of Simon, one of the leaders of the Jews in the revolt against Nero; or of a second Simon, Bar-cochab, who revolted against Hadrian.-From Madden's Jewish Coinage. It bears what we may understand to be the Judgment Seat; under a portico with four columns, and a star, with the name of Simon in Samaritan

letters. The other side of this coin may be seen in the Note on Rev. vii. 9.

This portico is, in 1 Kings, vii. 7, called the "Porch of Judgment;" and the seat is, in Ps. cxxii. 5, called the

"Throne of Judgment." The name of the pavement in front of it, called Gab-batha, or at the back of the house is Syriac, rather than Biblical Hebrew, and is explained in 1 Kings, vii. 8, when correctly translated: " And Solomon's house had a court in the rear from the house to the porch." This court was the pavement spoken of in the Gospel.

Coins of a similar type have on them the word "Jerusalem;" and as it is probable that Bar-cohab, who revolted against Hadrian, never gained possession of Jerusalem, we must suppose that this coin belongs rather to the time of revolt against Nero.

ACTS, III. 2.

"And a certain man lame from his mother's womb was carried, whom they laid daily at the

gate of the temple which is called Beautiful, to ask alms of them that entered into the temple."

A twisted column from the Screen of the old Church of St. Peter's, at Rome, which was pulled down to make way for the present church.-From Pugin's Chancel Screens.

There is a tradition, recorded in the works describing the old St. Peter's, that these columns were either copied or brought from the Beautiful Gate of the Temple of Jerusalem. There is a column of this pattern now preserved in St. Peter's as a relic, called the Sacred Column on the above supposition; and many others, of designs slightly varied from it, have been employed in ornamenting the present building.

The Beautiful Gate, called by Josephus the Corinthian Gate, stood in the middle of the east-side of the great court, and probably was the entrance to that court from the court of the women.

ACTS, IV. 36, 37.

"And Joses, who by the apostles was surnamed Barnabas (which is, being interpreted, The son of consolation), a Levite, and of the country of Cyprus, having land, sold it, and brought the money, and laid it at the apostles' feet."

Above are drawings representing the Coins of Cyprus, from the British Museum, showing that Egyptian opinions were common in that island. On each is a bull, known to be the Egyptian god Apis, by the character for life in front of him, and by the winged sun over him, both of which are Egyptian figures. Cyprus had long been in close connexion with Egypt, and for three centuries had been subject to the Ptolomies, whose capital was Alex

andria; and hence we may draw the important conclusion that Barnabas of Cyprus, like Apollos, was of the Alexandrian school of philosophy.

When Mark sailed with Barnabas to Cyprus (see Acts xv. 39), he may have been on his way to Alexandria, where he is said to have founded the Christian Church.

ACTS, VIII. 27, 28.

"And, behold, a man of Ethiopia, an eunuch of great authority under Candace queen of the Ethiopians, who had the charge of all her treasure, and had come to Jerusalem to worship, was returning, and sitting in his chariot read Esais the prophet."

The hieroglyphical name of Queen Candace, spelt Kandakitis. It is copied from her buildings in Moroë, which are of the Egyptian style of architecture, but varied with some modern features, which may have been borrowed from the Romans. Meroë, the country in which Candace's capital was situated, is more than 1000 miles to the south of Alexandria; and from his home at that distance had