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Q. 122. What is the sum of the six commandments which contain our duty to man?

A. The sum of the six commandments which contain our duty to man is, to love our neighbour as ourselves, and to do to others what we would have them to do to us 2.

Q. 123. Which is the fifth commandment ?

A. The fifth commandment is, Honour thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee.

Q. 124. Who are meant by father and mother in the fifth commandment?

c

A. By father and mother, in the fifth commandment, are meant, not only natural parents, but all superiors in age and gifts; and especially such as, by God's ordinance, are over us in place of authority, whether in family, church, or commonwealth 8.

versaries saw her, and did mock at her sabbaths. Jer. xvii. 21. Thus saith the Lord, Take heed to yourselves, and bear no burden on the sabbath-day, nor bring it in by the gates of Jerusalem. Ver. 22. Neither carry forth a burden out of your houses on the sabbath-day, neither do ye any work, but hallow ye the sabbath-day, as I commanded your fathers. Ver. 23. But they obeyed not, neither inclined their ear, but made their neck stiff, that they might not hear nor receive instruction. Neh. xiii. from Verse 15. to 23. In those days saw I in Judah some treading wine-presses on the sabbath-day.— [See in letter b.]

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122. y Matt. xxii. 39. And the second is like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.

z Mat. vii. 12. Therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them : for this is the law and the prophets.

123. a Exod. xx. 12

124. 6 Prov. xxiii. 22. Hearken unto thy father that begat thee, and despise not thy mother when she is old Ver. 25 Thy father and thy mother shall be glad; and she that bare thee shall rejoice. Eph. vi. 1. Children, obey your parents in the Lord for this is right. Ver. 2. Ho

nour thy father and mother, (which is the first commandment with promise.)

c 1 Tim. v. 1. Rebuke not an elder, but entreat him as a father, and the younger men as brethren: Ver. 2. The elder women as mothers, the younger as sisters, with all purity.

d Gen. iv. 20. And Adah bare Jabal: he was the father of such as dwell in tents, and of such as have cattle. Ver. 21. And his brother's name was Jubal: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and organ. Ver. 22. And Zillah, she also bare Tubal-cain, an instructor of every artificer in brass and iron.-Gen. xlv. 8. So now it was not you that sent me hither, but God: and he hath made me a father to Pharaoh, and lord of all his house, and a ruler throughout all the land of Egypt.

e 2 Kings v 13. And his servants came near, and spake unto him. and said, My father, if the prophet had bid thee do some great thing, wouldest thou not have done it ? how much rather then, when he saith to thee, Wash, and be clean?

f2 Kings ii. 12. And Elisha saw it, and he cried, My father, my father, the chariot of Israel, and the horsemen thereof.-2 Kings xiii. 14. Now Eli

Q. 125. Why are superiors stiled Father and Mother? A. Superiors are stiled Father and Mother, both to teach them in all duties towards their inferiors, like natural parents, to express love and tenderness to them, according to their several relations ; and to work inferiors to a greater willingness and cheerfulness in performing their duties to their superiors, as to their parents.

Q. 126. What is the general scope of the fifth commandment?

A. The general scope of the fifth commandment is, the performance of those duties which we mutually owe in our several relations, as inferiors, superiors, or equals k.

Q. 127. What is the honour that inferiors owe to their superiors?

A. The honour which inferiors owe to their superiors is, all due reverence in heart', word m, and behaviour"; prayer

sha was fallen sick, of his sickness whereof he died: and Joash the king of Israel came down unto him, and wept over his face, and said, O my father, my father, the chariot of Isra el, and the horsemen thereof! Gal. iv. 19. My little children, of whom I travail in birth again until Christ be formed in you.

g Isa. xlix. 23. And kings shall be thy nursing-fathers, and their queens thy nursing-mothers; they shall bow down to thee with their face toward the earth, and lick up the dust of thy feet, and thou shalt know that I am the Lord: for they shall not be ashamed that wait for me.

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125. Eph. vi. 4. And, ye fathers, provoke not your children to wrath: but bring them up in the nurture and admonition of the Lord. 2 Cor. xii. 14. For the children ought not to lay up for the parents, but the parents for the children. 1 Thess. ii. 7. But we were gentle among you, even as a nurse cherisheth her children. Ver. 8. So, being affectionately desirous of you, we were willing to have imparted unto you, not the gospel of God only, but also our own souls, because ye were dear unto us. Ver. 11. As ye know how we exhorted, and comforted, and charged every one of you,

as a father doth his children. Numb. xi. 11. And Moses said unto the Lord, Wherefore hast thou afflicted thy servant? and wherefore have I not found favour in thy sight,that thou layest the burden of all this people upon me? Ver. 12. Have I conceived all this people? have I begotten them, that thou shouldest say unto me, Carry them in thy bosom (as a nursing-father beareth the sucking child) unto the land which thou swarest unto their fathers?

i 1 Cor. iv. 14. I write not these things to shame you, but as my beloved sons I warn you. Ver. 15. For though ye have ten thousand instructors in Christ, yet have ye not many fathers: for in Christ Jesus I have begotten you through the gospel. Ver. 16. Wherefore I beseech you, be ye followers of me. 2 Kings v. 13. [See letter e.]

126. Eph. v. 21. Submitting your

selves one to another in the fear of God. 1 Pet. ii. 17. Honour all men. Love the brotherhood. Fear God. Honour the king. Rom. xii. 10. Be kindly affectioned one to another with brotherly love; in honour preferring one ano. ther.

127. / Mal. i. 6. A son honoureth his father, and a servant his master; if then I be a father, where is mine

and thanksgiving for them; imitation of their virtues and graces P; willing obedience to their lawful commands and counsels ; due submission to their corrections"; fidelity tos,

honour and if I be a master, where is my fear? saith the Lord of hosts unto you, Ọ priests, that despise my name and ye say, Wherein have we despised thy name? Lev. xix. 3. Ye shall fear every man his mother and his father, and keep my sabbaths: I am the Lord your God.

m Prov. xxxi. 28. Her children arise up, and call her blessed; her husband also, and he praiseth her. 1 Pet iii. 6. Even as Sara obeyed Abraham, calling him lord: whose daughters ye are as long as ye do well, and are not afraid with any amazement.

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n Lev xix. 32 Thou shalt rise up before the hoary head, and honour the face of the old man, and fear thy God: I am the Lord. 1 Kings ii. 19. Bathsheba therefore went unto king Solomon, to speak unto him for Adonijah; and the king rose up to meet her, and bowed himself unto her, and sat down on his throne, and caused a seat to be set for the king's mother; and she sat on his right hand.

o 1 Tim ii. 1. I exhort therefore, that, first of all, supplications, pray ers, intercessions, and giving of thanks, be made for all men: Ver. 2. For kings and for all that are in authority; that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godliness and honesty.

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p Heb. xiii. 7. Remember them which have the rule over you, who have spoken unto you the word of God whose faith follow, considering the end of their conversation. Phil. iii. 17. Brethren, be followers together of me, and mark them which walk so, as ye have us for an ensample.

q Eph. vi 1 Children, obey your parents in the Lord; for this is right. Ver. 2. Honour thy father and mother, (which is the first commandment with promise.) Ver. 5. Servants, be obedient to them that are your masters according to the flesh, with fear and

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trembling, in singleness of your heart, as unto Christ: Ver. 6. Not with eyeservice, as men-pleasers, but as the servants of Christ, doing the will of God from the heart; Ver. 7. With good-will doing service, as to the Lord, and not to men. 1 Pet. ii. 13. Submit yourselves to every ordinance of man for the Lord's sake: whether it be to the king, as supreme; Ver. 14. Or unto governors, as unto them that are sent by him for the punishment of evil-doers, and for the praise of them that do well. Rom. xiii. 1. Let every soul be subject unto the higher powers. For there is no pow er but of God: the powers that be are ordained of God. Ver. 2. Whosoe ver therefore resisteth the power, re sisteth the ordinance of God: and they that resist shall receive to themselves damnation. Ver. 3. For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to the evil. Wilt thou then not be afraid of the power? do that which is good, and thou shalt have praise of the same: Ver. 4. For he is the minister of God to thee for good. But if thou do that which is evil, be afraid; for he beareth not the sword in vain: for he is the minister of God, a revenger to execute wrath upon him that doeth evil. Ver. 5. Wherefore ye must needs be subject, not only for wrath, but also for conscience' sake. Heb. xiii. 17. Obey them that have the rule over you, and submit yourselves: for they watch for your souls, as they that must give account; that they may do it with joy, and not with grief; for that is unprofitable for you Prov. iv. 3. For I was my father's son, tender and only beloved in the sight of my mother. Ver. 4. He taught me also, and said unto me, Let thine heart rerain my words: keep my commandments, and live. Prov xxi 22. Hearker unto thy father that begar ther and despise not thy mother when she is old. Exod.

defence, and maintenance of their persons and authority, according to their several ranks, and the nature of their places"; bearing with their infirmities, and covering them in love, that so they may be an honour to them and to their government *.

xviii. 19. Hearken now unto my voice, I will give thee counsel, and God shall be with thee. Ver. 24. So Moses hearkened to the voice of his fatherin-law, and did all that he had said.

Heb. xii. 9. Furthermore, we have had fathers of our flesh which corrected us, and we gave them reverence: shall we not much rather be in subjection unto the Father of spirits, and live? 1 Pet. ii. 18. Servants, be subject to your masters with all fear, not only to the good and gentle, but also to the froward. Ver. 19. For this is thank-worthy, if a man for conscience toward God endure grief, suffering wrongfully. Ver. 20. For what glory is it, if when ye be buffeted for your faults ye shall take it patiently? but if when ye do well, and suffer for it, ye take it patiently; this is acceptable with God.

Tit. ii. 1. Exhort servants to be obedient unto their own masters, and to please them well in all things; not answering again. Ver. 10. Not purJoining, but shewing all good fidelity; that they may adorn the doctrine of God our Saviour in all things.

t 1 Sam.xxvi. 15. And David said to Abner, Art not thou a valiant man? and who is like to thee in Israel? wherefore then hast thou not kept thy lord the king for there came one of the people in to destroy the king thy lord. Ver. 16. This thing is not good that thou hast done. As the Lord liveth, ye are worthy to die, because ye have not kept your master, the Lord's anointed. 2 Sam. xviii. 3. But the people answered, Thou shalt not go forth; for if we flee away, they will not care for us; neither if half of us adie, will they care for us: but now thou art worth ten thousand of us: therefore now it is. better that thou succour us out of the city. Esther vi.

2. And it was found written, that Mordecai had told of Bigthana and Teresh, two of the king's chamber, lains, the keepers of the door, who sought to lay hand on the king Aha

suerus.

u Matt. xxii. 21. They say unto him, Cesar's. Then saith he unto them, Render therefore unto Cesar the things which are Cesar's; and unto God the things that are God's. Rom. xiii. 6. For, for this cause pay you tribute also; for they are God's ministers, attending continually upon this very thing. Ver. 7. Render therefore to all their dues: tribute to whom tribute is due, custom to whom custom, fear to whom fear, honour to whom honour. 1 Tim. v. 17. Let the elders that rule well be counted worthy of double honour, especially they who labour in the word and doctrine. Ver. 18. For the scripture saith, Thou shalt not muzzle the ox that treadeth out the corn: and, The labourer is worthy of his reward. Gal. vi. 6 Let him that is taught in the word communicate unto him that teacheth in all good things. Gen. xlv. 11. And there will I nourish thee, (for yet there are five years of famine,) lest thou, and thy household, and all that thou hast, come to poverty. Gen. xlvii. 12. And Joseph nourished his father, and his brethren, and all his father's household, with bread, accor ding to their families.

1 Pet. ii. 18. Servants, be subject to your masters with all fear, not only to the good and gentle, but also to the froward. Prov. xxiii. 22. Hearken unto thy father that begat thee, and despise not thy mother when she is old. Gen. ix. 23. And Shem and Ja-, pheth took a garment, and laid it upon both their shoulders, and went backward, and covered the nakedness

Q. 128. What are the sins of inferiors against their superiors?

t

A. The sins of inferiors against their superiors are, all neglect of the duties required toward them; envying at, contempt of a and rebellion b against , their persons and places d, in their lawful counsels, commands, and corrections; cursing, mocking 8, and all such refractory and

of their father; and their faces were backward, and they saw not their father's nakedness.

x Psal. cxxvii. 3. Lo, children are an heritage of the Lord; and the fruit of the womb is his reward. Ver. 4. As arrows are in the hand of a migh. ty man; so are children of the youth. Ver. 5. Happy is the man that hath his quiver full of them: they shall not be ashamed, but they shall speak with the enemies in the gate. Prov. xxxi. 23. Her husband is known in the gates, when he sitteth among the eld. ers of the land.

128. y Matt. xv. 4. For God commanded, saying, Honour thy father and mother and, He that curseth fa. ther or mother, let him die the death. Ver. 5. But ye say, Whosoever shall say to his father or his mother, It is a gift, by whatsoever thou mightest be profited by me; Ver. 6. And honour not his father or his mother, he shall be free. Thus have ye made the com. mandment of God of none effect by your traditition.

z Numb. xi. 28. And Joshua the son of Nun, the servant of Moses, one of his young men, answered and said, My lord Moses, forbid them. Ver. 29. And Moses said unto him, Enviest thou for my sake? Would God that all the Lord's people were prophets, and that the Lord would put his Spirit upon them.

ą 1 Sam. viii. 7. And the Lord said unto Samuel, Hearken unto the voice of the people in all that they say unto thee: for they have not rejected thee, but they have rejected me, that I should not reign over them. Isa. iii. 5. And the people shall be oppressed, every one by another, and every one by his neighbour: the child shall be

have himself proudly against the ancient, and the base against the ho

nourable.

b 2 Sam. xv. from Verse 1. to 12. And it came to pass after this, that Absalom prepared him chariots, and horses, c.

c Exod. xxi. 15. And he that smiteth his father or his mother shall surely be put to death.

d 1 Sam x. 27. But the children of Belial said, How shall this man save us? And they despised him, and brought him no presents: but he held his peace.

e 1 Sam. ii. 25.-Notwithstanding they (viz. the sons of Eli) hearkened not unto the voice of their father, because the Lord would slay them.

f Deut xxi. 18. If a man have a stubborn and rebellious son, which will not obey the voice of his father, or the voice of his mother, and that, when they have chastened him, will not hearken unto them; Ver. 19. Then shall his father and his mother lay hold on him, and bring him out unto the elders of his city, and unto the gate of his place: Ver. 20. And they shall say unto the elders of his city, This our son is stubborn and rebellious, he will not obey our voice; he is a glutton and a drunkard. Ver. 21. And all the men of his city shall stone him with stones, that he die : so shalt thou put evil away from among you; and all Israel shall hear, and fear,

g Prov. xxx. 11. There is a generation that curseth their father, and doth not bless their mother Ver. 17. The eye that mocketh at his father, and despiseth to obey his mother, the ravens of the valley shall pick it out, and the young eagles shall eat it.

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