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condition of the Country-He is answered by the Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer Sir Robert Peel vindicates his own Commercial Policy-Speeches
of Mr. Baillie, Mr. Roebuck, Mr. Plumptre, Mr. Slaney, Mr. G. A. Hamil-
ton, Mr. Hume, the Earl of March, the Marquis of Granby, Lord John
Russell, and Mr. Muntz-On a division, Mr. Disraeli's motion is negatived
by 296 against 156-Close of the Session-Parliament is prorogued on
the 1st of August-The Royal Speech-Review of the Proceedings of the
Session-Conclusion
[171
CHAPTER IX.
FRANCE-Dispute between the President of the Republic and M. Léon de
Malleville, Minister of the Interior-Resignation of the latter, and his De-
fence in the National Assembly-Discussion on Foreign Affairs-Speeches
of MM. Beaune, Drouyn de Lhuys, Lamartine, and Ledru Rollin—Ques-
tion of the Dissolution of the National Assembly-Propositions of M. Ra-
teau on that subject-Speeches of MM. Gèze, Pierre Bonaparte, Billault,
and O. Barrot-Augmentation of Taxes declared necessary by the Minister
of Finance-Election of M. Boulay de la Meurthe as Vice-President of
the Republic-His Address to the Assembly-Bill for the Suppression of
Clubs brought forward by the Minister of the Interior-Defeat of Ministers
in the Chamber-Demand of their Impeachment by the extreme Repub-
licans Military preparations made by the Government-Speech by M.
Odillon Barrot on the subject-Reduction of the Garde Mobile the occa-
sion of a new Conspiracy-Order of the Day by General Changarnier and
Proclamation by the Minister of the Interior-Report of the Committee
on the Question of Impeachment of Ministers-Debate in the Assembly
and defeat of the Ministry-Arrest of Count D'Alton Shee-Statement by
the Minister of the Interior respecting the late Conspiracy-Renewal of
debate on the Propositions of M. Rateau respecting the New Legislative
Assembly-Various Amendments-Speeches by MM. Lanjuinais, Felix
Pyat, St. Hilaire, Lamartine, and others-Amendment by M. Sénard op-
posed by Ministers and rejected-The different Articles proposed by the
Committee on the Election of a Legislative Assembly carried with some
Modifications-Report of Committee authorizing the Prosecution of M.
Proudhon carried-Persons convicted of Adultery ineligible to the Legis-
lative Assembly-Debate in the Chamber on the Foreign Policy of the
Republic in Italy-Speeches of MM. Buvignier, Ledru Rollin, Lamartine,
and Cavaignac-Question of Abolition of Clubs carried-Excitement in
the Assembly-Secession of the Minority-Remarkable Speech of M. La-
grange Discussion on the state of Piedmont-Speeches of MM. Bixio,
Drouyn de Lhuys, Cavaignac, Thiers, and Odillon Barrot-The Assembly
declares itself ready to sanction a Temporary Occupation of Italy-Deter-
mination of the Government to send an Expedition to Rome-Explanation
by M. O. Barrot in the Assembly-Sailing of the Expedition under the
command of General Oudinot-Trial of the State Prisoners at Bourges [195
CHAPTER X.
Election contest for the Legislative Assembly-Sentiments of the Red Re-
publicans and Socialists-General result of the Elections-M. Dupin
elected President of the Legislative Assembly-His Address on the occa-
sion-Modification of the Ministry-Message of the President of the Re-
public-Interpellations of M. Ledru Rollin respecting the Affairs of Rome
-Speech of M. O. Barrot-Majority for Ministers-Proposition for their
Impeachment-Attempt by the extreme Republicans at a coup de main,
on the 12th of June-Admirable dispositions of General Changarnier-The
Members of the Mountain retire to the Conservatoire des Arts-Conflict with
the Troops-Paris declared in a state of Siege-The Insurrection rapidly
quelled-Flight of Ledru Rollin and other Leaders of the Revolt-Subse-
quent proceedings in the Assembly-Circular of the Minister of the Inte-
rior on the subject of Political Clubs-Discussion on the State of Europe
-Speeches of MM. Manquin, De Tocqueville, and General Cavaignac-
Financial Statement by M. Passy-Speech by M. de Tocqueville on the
subject of French Intervention at Rome-Report drawn up by M. Thiers
on the Question of Credit to defray the Expenses of the Expedition-Of-
fence taken by the President of the Republic-Break up of the Odillon
Barrot Cabinet-Reasons for their Dismissal assigned by the President-
Appointment of new Ministry-Programme of their intended Policy [243
CHAPTER XI.
PORTUGAL.-Royal Speech at Opening of Cortes-Change of Ministry.
HOLLAND. Royal Speech at Opening of Session of States-General-Death of
the King of Holland.
SARDINIA. Opening of the Sardinian Chambers-Protest addressed to Fo-
reign Powers by the President of the Ministry-Resignation of Gioberti
-Programme by the new Cabinet-Expiration of the Armistice with
Austria-Determination of Sardinia to renew the struggle-Proclamation
by Marshal Radetzky-Operations of the Campaign-Advance of Ra-
detzky upon Turin-Battle of Novara, and defeat of the Piedmontese—
Abdication of the King-New Ministry-Terms of the Armistice between
Sardinia and Austria-Hostile temper of the Assembly-Excitement at
Genoa-Insurrectionary Movements-Genoa declared in a state of Siege-
The City surrenders to General Marmora-Ineffectual resistance of other
Italian towns-Dissolution of the Sardinian Chambers-Manifesto by the
King Victor Emmanuel to the Nation.
TUSCANY.-Opening of the Legislative Chambers-Flight of the Grand
Duke-Provisional Government appointed-Recall of the Duke, and new
Ministry.
VENICE.-Blockade and Bombardment of the City-Surrender to the
Austrians.
ROME.-Supreme Junta appointed-Protest of the Pope-Demonstration in
honour of the Constituent Assembly-Threat of Excommunication by the
Pope-Mazzini invited to Rome-Remonstrances of Spain and Austria-
Holy Office abolished at Rome-The Austrians enter Ferrara-Firm atti-
tude of the Constituent Assembly-French Expedition under General
Oudinot lands at Civita Vecchia-Advance upon Rome and temporary
Repulse-Negotiations between M. Lesseps, the French Plenipotentiary,
and the Triumvirate-Able Remonstrance of the latter-Prosecution of
the Siege of Rome-The French attack the City-It finally surrenders-
General Rostolan appointed Governor-Three Cardinal Commissioners
sent by the Pope-Motu Proprio of the Pope
CHAPTER XII.
[274
NAPLES AND SICILY.-Correspondence between Mr. Temple and Prince
Cariati respecting the Interference of Great Britain and France-Dissolu-
tion of the Chamber of Deputies-" Statute" of the Sicilian Constitution
-Ineffectual Attempt to induce the Sicilians to accept it-Violent Pro-
clamation issued by the Provisional Government-Messina declared in a
state of Siege-Proclamation of Prince Filangieri-Capture of Catania,
and surrender of Syracuse and Palermo-Final suppression of the Re-
bellion.
AUSTRIA.-Discussion of the Diet at Kremsier on the proposed Draft of a
new Constitution-Resolution moved by the Opposition-Speeches of MM.
Pinkas, Fischof, Count Stadion, and others-Various Paragraphs voted-
Election of President and Vice-Presidents-Promulgation of a Constitu-
tion by the Emperor at Vienna-Abstract of its principal Provisions.
CAMPAIGN IN HUNGARY-Geographical Position and Military Capabilities
of Hungary-Its principal Fortresses-Comparison of Advantages pos-
sessed by Austria and Hungary for carrying on the War-Consequences
to Austria of failure in the struggle-Position and Numbers of the con-
-tending Forces at the opening of the Campaign-Capture of Raab by
- Prince Windischgratz-The Hungarians under Dembinski retreat.
Charges of Cruelty brought against the Magyars-Retaliatory Proclama-
tion by Windischgratz-Comorn summoned to surrender-Defeat of the
Hungarian General Perezel by Jellachich-Deputation from the Diet to
Prince Windischgratz-He enters Pesth, and Kossuth, the President of
the Revolutionary Government, retires to Debrecin-Inaction of the Aus-
trian General-March of Georgey intercepted, and he is forced to retreat
-Successes of Count Nugent-Operations in Transylvania between Gene-
ral Püchner and Bem-Capture of Leopoldstadt-Windischgratz attacks
the Magyars, and falls back on Pesth, and afterwards on Stuhlweissen-
burg-He is superseded in the command by F. M. Welden-Battle of the
9th of April-Successes of the Hungarians-Violent Resolutions of the
Diet-Intervention of Russia-Manifesto of the Emperor-F. M. Welden
succeeded by F. M. Haynau in command of the Austrian Armies-Opera-
tions of the Campaign-Bem defeated by the Russians at St. Gyorgy—
Manœuvres against Georgey-Final Defeat of the Magyars at Temesvar
-Isolation of Georgey-He advises the Provisional Government to sur-
render-Kossuth and others escape into Turkey-Georgey surrenders to
the Russians-Capitulation of Comorn-Final Close of the War-Execu-
tion of Count Bathyany-Question between Russia and Turkey relative
to the Extradition of the Refugees [308
CHAPTER XIII.
PRUSSIA. Address of the King to his Army-Election to the New Cham-
bers-Opening of the Chambers, and Royal Speech-Answer of the King
to the Frankfort Deputation offering him the Crown of Germany-"Mo-
tion of urgency" voted by the Chamber-The King refuses the Imperial
Crown-Announcement by Count Brandenburg of the views of Govern-
ment on the German Question, and the Federal Constitution--Defeat of
Ministers-The continuance of the state of Siege at Berlin declared ille-
gal by the Second Chamber-Its dissolution by the King-Excitement at
Berlin-Notes addressed by the Prussian Cabinet to the German Govern-
ments, and by the King to his Plenipotentiary at Frankfort-Promulga-
tion of the new Electoral Law-Question of Vote by Ballot Opening of
the new Prussian Parliament-Extracts from the Royal Speech.
CENTRAL GERMANY.-Debates in the Frankfort Parliament upon the Aus-
trian Question-Speeches of M. Venedey, Von Gagern, and others-Pro-
position of the Committee negatived-Views of Von Gagern and his party
-Proceedings with respect to the choice of a German Emperor-Resolu-
tions moved by M. Welcker-Speeches of M. Welcker and Von Gagern-
Propositions made by Austria The choice of the Assembly falls on the
King of Prussia-Deputation proceeds to Berlin-Refusal of the Imperial
Crown by the Prussian Monarch-Protest of the Frankfort Parliament-
Collective Note of the Plenipotentiaries of German States-Angry Resolu-
tions voted by the Parliament-Remonstrance by Prussia, and recall of
her Deputies-Secession of part of the Frankfort Parliament to Stutt-
gardt-Draft of an Imperial Federal Constitution promulgated by Prus-
sia, Hanover, and Saxony-Refusal of Austria and Bavaria to join-Vio-
lent proceedings and votes of the Stuttgardt Parliament-The rest of the
Members of the Frankfort Parliament withdraw to Gotha.
BADISH INSURRECTION.-Popular disaffection in the Grand Duchy of Baden
-Formation of Provisional National Committees there, and also in the
Palatinate The Bavarian Government declare the Palatinate to be in a
state of insurrection—Prussia assists the Confederated German States in
putting down the Rebellion-Operations of the Confederated Troops under
General Peucker-The Prince of Prussia assumes the chief command-
Defeat of the Insurgent Leader, Mieroslawski-Suppression of the Insur-
rection.
SAXONY.-Dissolution of the Chambers-Outbreak of Rebellion at Dresden
-Formation of a Provisional Government-Contest in the Streets-The
Revolt finally crushed [343
CHAPTER XIV.
CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.-Order in Council making the Cape a Penal Station
-Dissatisfaction of the Inhabitants-Resolutions passed at a public
Meeting at Cape Town-Arrival of the Neptune Convict Ship—Commu-
nications between the Governor and the Colonists-System of passive
Resistance adopted by the latter-"Stoppage of the Supplies"-Despatch
from Earl Grey-Withdrawal of the Order in Council.
INDIA. Continuation of the Narrative of the Siege of Mooltan-Capture of
the Town-Bombardment of the Citadel-Surrender of Moolraj-The
British Troops march to join the Army of the Punjab Sir John Thack-
well crosses the Chenab-Cannonade between the British and Sikh Artil-
lery-Retreat of the Sikhs-Lord Gough crosses the Chenab-Attock
taken by the Enemy-Movements of Lord Gough and Battle of Chilian-
wallah-State of Public Opinion in England with respect to the Tactics
of Lord Gough-Sir Charles Napier sent out as Commander-in-Chief-The
Sikhs retreat in the direction of Wuzeerabad-Junction between Chuttur
Singh and Shere Singh-Decisive Victory of Goojerat-Pursuit of the
flying Sikhs by General Gilbert-Surrender of the whole Sikh Army to
the British-General Gilbert pursues the Affghans, who escape through
the Khyber Pass to Cabul-Proclamation of the Governor-General annex-
ing the Punjab to the British Dominions-Trial of Moolraj by a Special
Military Commission-His Sentence [371
CHAPTER XV.
CANADA. Question of the Rebellion Losses Indemnity Bill considered-
Opposition from the "British Party "-Provisions of the Indemnity Act
It receives the Assent of the Governor-General-Outbreak of lawless
violence-Burning of the Houses of Parliament-Address of Confidence
in Lord Elgin voted by the Assembly-Disaffected state of Public Feel-
ing at Montreal-Petition to the Queen for the recall of Lord Elgin—
Prorogation of the Parliament-Declaration in favour of Annexation with
the United States.
UNITED STATES.-Inaugural Address of President Taylor-Formation of
the new Cabinet-Presidential Message to Congress Topics-Relations
with Foreign States-Sympathy with Hungary-Extension of the Coast
of the United States on the Pacific-Question of the Slave Trade-Modes
of connecting the Atlantic and the Pacific-Position of the Treasury-
Proposed Establishment of an Agricultural Bureau-Mineral Wealth of
California State of the American Navy-Question of the Presidential
Veto-Constitutional Rights and Responsibilities
[387