HONOR OF RICHMOND,

In the Cambridge Chronicle of Saturday, December 22, 1781, is this advertisement.-E.

66 HONOR OF RICHMOND

"In the Counties of Cambridge, Suffolk, Hartford, and Essex, Parcel of the Possessions of the Crown of England, heretofore in Jointure to Catherine, late Queen Dowager, deceased.

"Whereas many of the different Proprietors of Estates, holden of the said Honour of Richmond, have, for several years last past, neglected to pay their Quit Rents, and by reason of the extensiveness of the said Honour, and the consequent inconvenience of collection, the same have been suffered to run considerably in arrear, and whereas it is assumed that some of the Tenants have been ready to pay their Quit Rents, but have not known where, or to whom to pay the same; therefore the Lord of the said Honour doth hereby give notice to the several Tenants, who hold lands of the said Honour, that he has appointed William Nash, of Royston, in Hertfordshire, Attorney, his deputy, to receive for his use, the several Quit Rents due to the said Honour; and has also empowered him to grant Dockets to such Tenants as desire the same, by which they will be exempted from paying Toll in every Market and Fair in England. And, if any Tenant after this notice neglects to pay his Quit Rent to the said Mr. Nash, as the same becomes due, Warrants of Distress will be issued where the lands can be ascertained to enforce the Payment with Costs; and where the lands cannot be ascertained, a Bill will be filed in the Court of Exchequer against the Owners of such Estates, as against the Debtors of the Crown, to compel Payment of the Arrears, and the setting forth of such Lands, and other extensive Powers of the said Honour will be executed. And for the better Information of the several Tenants, a List of Parishes in the aforesaid Counties, comprized within the said Honour are hereunder set forth as taken from the original Constat and Rates.

"In Cambridgeshire, Weston Colvill, Burrough Green, Dullingham, Stow cum Quy, Fulburn, Teversham, Wilbraham, Horsheath, Linton, Balsham, Little Abington, Pampisford, Baberham, Castle Camps, Shudley Camps, Papworth Everard, Little Eversden, Drayton, Westwick, Swavesey, Long Stanton, Dry Drayton, Caldecot, Malton, Foxton, Bassingborn, Wickyng, Ely. In Suffolk, Ixning. In Essex, Feldham, Chisham-Grange, Spains Hall."

Meaning of Pendany (p. 310).-In Tanner's Collections, under the head of Church Ornaments, is this note from Register Godsalve, fo. 196. "I will have bought a pendant of silk called a stremer, to the church of Carbroke, of the price of iv marc.' May not pendany and pendant be synonimous ?-A.

Query a Vault ?" Pendentive" (with architects) the whole body of a vault, suspended out of the perpendicular of walls, and bearing against the arc boutant.-C. J. W. W.

Apolye (p. 310).-Perhaps this means a pully. One frequently notices pullies in the roofs of our old churches, their usual situation being somewhat in advance of the high altar and the rood screen, the one for the sacrament light, the other for the rowel or corona lucis.-A.

QUERIES.

Families of Scrivener and Brettingham.-Can any of your readers oblige me by communicating any facts respecting these families.-F.

LOCAL PROVErbs.

On a stray leaf (paged 169) of the Universal Magazine for April, 1759, now in my hands, there is a continuation of what is called "the account of Suffolk," containing very brief descriptions of Brandon, Mildenhall, Halesworth, Southwold, Lestoff, Beckles, and Bungay :

"The two towns last mentioned, with two others in this county (so says the writer of the article), have incurred this proverbial censure, though with what justice does not appear.

Beckles for a puritan,

Bungay for the poor,
Halesworth for a drunkard,

And Bilborough for a whore."

If any reader of the East Anglian can throw a light on the origin of the above, he will be conferring a favour, by perpetuating it in the pages of a future number.-GRAY. B, BAKER, Bungay.

Wearing a Leather Apron.-I met the other day with an old gentleman of Suffolk, who, speaking of curious sayings in use in that district, named the following:-That a woman, denying something with which she was charged, would say "I should as soon think of wearing a leather apron,” which he explained, by saying that there was a popular belief, that the man who carried the cross for the Saviour was a farrier, and had the nails stuck in his apron. Have you ever heard of this? or can you get any information in your locality ?—S.

Arms of Arthur.-One of the quarterings which I derive by descent from the heiress of Colby, of Banham, Norfolk, is the coat of Arthur; parti, per bend sinister, Gules and Azure:-Ann, daughter and heiress of John Arthur, of Wiggenhall, Norfolk, Esq., then deceased, having married in 1656, her first husband, John Colby, Esq., she married, secondly, Edward North, of Benacre, Suffolk, Esq. These arms, as those of Arthur, are so engraved on the tombstone of Mr. North, in Benacre church (5th June, 1701) and also on, as a Colby quartering, a silver cup in the possession of my family. I cannot find them in any Ordinary. Papworth does not give them, but I have an impression that the same coat was borne as a quartering by the late Sir Edward Kerrison, Bart. I shall be much obliged to any correspondent who can give me any reference to the arms in question, or to the family (Arthur) by whom they were borne.-G. A. C.

Arms of Sheriffs of Suffolk.-Can any of your readers in East Anglia furnish me with the arms of the following gentlemen, Sheriffs of Suffolk ?Sir John Prescot, of Hoxne, Knt., 1627. John Colton, of Earl Soham, Esq., 1644. Samuel Blackaby, Esq., of Stowmarket, 1668. Sir Robert Diver, Bart., of Ipswich, 1669. Francis Sherwin, Esq., 1674. Jacob Garrett, Esq., of Creeting S. Mary, 1684. Jeffery Nightingale, Esq., 1686. Daniel Browning, Esq., 1695. John Dresser, Esq., of Blyford, 1809. Jonathan Myles, Esq., 1715. John Inwood, Esq., 1717.-JOHN H. SPERLING.

* Bliborough,

THE GREAT CHALK FORMATION IN SUFFOLK.

It is, I believe, not generally known, even to residents in that part of Suffolk most interested in the fact, that in the valley, through which the river Ore runs, the chalk in some places rises to within twelve feet of the surface. In the year 1857, as I was informed by the late J. Peirson, Esq., of Broadwater, Framlingham, the railway engineers, boring to ascertain the required depth for the foundations of their bridges, touched the chalk in several places. This induced a closer examination, and they found it to extend at least for two miles, commencing near the Framlingham terminus, and from thence, passing through the parish of Parham to Hacheston; the nearest approach to the surface, being at the Broadwater Bridge, in Framlingham, where it was lying within twelve or thirteen feet. Some four or five individuals joined in an attempt to work it, and sunk an iron shaft five feet in diameter, to the depth of nearly thirty feet; the iron rings or cylinders being secured together, so that no water could penetrate. The chalk was of a beautiful quality, but soft, and admitted the water so rapidly at the bottom of the shaft, that after working for some weeks, it was obliged to be discontinued. The chalk had been previously bored to the depth of more than thirty feet, and it was found, that the deeper the boring, the firmer the chalk became.

A miner of considerable experience had been engaged for the trial, and the information obtained, justified the conclusion that the chalk was lying more than sixty feet in depth, and consequently every probability exists, that it is the great chalk formation, and may be many hundreds of feet in depth, and not merely a stray bolder thrown off from it. These trials show the chalk to extend over two miles, at distances from the surface, varying from twelve to twenty-five feet, and in each boring to become firmer, the deeper it was penetrated. The borings were likewise tried on either side of the valley, and in some places it appeared that the chalk rose higher on the eastern than on the western side, but this cannot be stated with sufficient accuracy to determine the dip of the strata. Immediately above the chalk appeared in many places, a loose running sand, which gave great trouble whilst boring. The raising of chalk in this locality was deemed an important object, but the work was defeated by the immense quantity of water continually rising in the shaft; and any attempt by steam power to obviate this difficulty, would add, it was stated, so greatly to the cost of raising, as to render the attempt unprofitable in a commercial point of view.-—L.

HAUTBOIS (pp. 280, 303).

I doubt much whether the places so named had their appellation from the horse called a "hobby." "We certainly have local names compounded of a vocable relating to horses; as Studham, Studley, Stutgard. Bloinefield says, "Horseford derived its name from a ford over the Hor; as Horsham, Horstede, &c.-Orford, in Suffolk." My impression is that Horstead and Horsham are rather from hurst-stead, "the grove, or wood place." The name Coltishall, referred to by E. G. R. is found written Colteshall, Couteshall, Coulshill, Cowshill, Cokereshala, Coketeshala; and in Domesday (which, however, is a bad authority in orthography) Coketeshall, and Cokereshall; and Blomefield seems to think, and that reasonably enough, that it was named from a Saxon owner. I take it that this name was Cockett, Coker, or Colt, all which are found as surnames, the latter being either the same with Cold, Gold, Wald, or contracted from Collet, for Nichollet, a diminutive of Nicholas. Blomefield suggests that the name Hautbois may mean the high woods by the water," from hautbois-ca, which he says answers the situation and name. Supposing the name not to be derived from hautbois simply, I would suggest that as it is found written Hobuisse, Obuuessa, and Obbouuessa, that the last part of the word may be from the Celtic esse, ese, signifying water.

Gray's Inn Square.

R. S. CHARNOCK.

FOUR ELITE, OR ELEET (p. 294, 308).

In Essex, this term is constantly employed by the peasantry to denote the point at which four roads meet, and the word is pronounced "Four-toleat," that is to say, a traveller who arrives at such a place will find roads to lead to four different localities. "Fi-to-leet," and "Three-to-leet," are occasionally employed in the same sense, to indicate the point of junction of five or three roads.-J. C., Cambridge.

ESSEX WILLS.-NO. 1.

I make no apology for introducing to the notice of the readers of the East Anglian, the very interesting will of Sir Anthony Cooke, Preceptor to Edward VI; and one of the most learned men of his time. Sir Anthony Cooke lived in much splendour at Gidea Hall, near Romford, in Essex. He was born about 1504, the son and heir of Sir John Cooke, of Guydy or Gidea Hall. He married Anne, daughter of the celebrated Sir William Fitzwilliams, by whom he had Richard, who succeeded him at Gidea Hall; William, whose posterity settled at Highnam Court, near Gloucester; and four daughters, renowned for learning, in an age of learned women,-Mildred, second wife of Lord Burleigh; Anne, second wife of Sir Nicholas Bacon, and mother of the great Francis Bacon; Katherine, wife of Sir Henry Killigrew; and Elizabeth, first married to Sir Thomas Hoby, secondly, to John, Lord Russell.

The stately mansion of Guydy Hall, partly built by Sir Anthony Cooke, was pulled down by Sir John Eyles, about 140 years since, and the present house erected. In a curious account of Essex, published in 1716, the old mansion is described as "a famous Building called Giddy Hall, a great square building, resembling a Jesuits College." It was engraved in La Serre, but the print is not often to be met with.

Sir Anthony Cooke died, full of years and honor, in June, 1576; and his burial is thus recorded in the parish register.

"1576, June 21 Sepultus fuit Antonius Coquus Miles auratus."

Richard Cooke raised a sumptuous monument over his father's grave in Romford church, which has been well preserved; and is re-erected in the new church, though not on its original site.

Sir Anthony Cooke's will is taken from the records of the Court of Probate (Daughtry, 10).-Edward J. SAGE, Stoke Newington.

"In the name of God, Amen. I Anthonye Cooke, of Guydy Hall in Haveringe in the countie of Essex, knight, the twoo and twentithe day of the Moneth of Maye, in the Yeare of or Lorde god, A Thowsand ffyve hundrethe Seaventie and sixe, and in the Eighteenthe Yeare of the raigne of or Sovereigne Ladye Queene Elizabeth, being in good and perfecte mynde and memorie, laude and praise be vnto Allmightie god therfore, Doo make and ordeine my last Will and testament in manner and form following, viz:ffirst, I Comitt my Sowle to Almightie god throughe my Lord and Savior Jhus Christ, my bodye to be buried at Romforde* by the discretion of my Executors wth Conveniēte and not excessive chardges. Item I revoke and declare voyd all my former Wills and testaments heretofore made; And I will that onlie this my presente Will and Testament shall be of fforce and take effect. Item I Gyve and bequeath to my sonne Richard, my best bason and Ewer of Syluer parcell gilte, my best gilte Salte, one Neste of Bolles gilte, t the biggest One paire of Pottes, white of syluer, and one paire percell gilt, one Nest of Bolles, white of siluer, one Dozen of Spoones of the best. Item I gyve to my daughter of Burleighe, one other Neste of Bolles, gilte and pincked. Item I gyve to my daughter Bacon, one other Neste of gilte bolles, playne. Item I gyve and bequeath to my daughter Russell, my seconde gilte Salte, and twoo little Saltes, gilte. Item I gyve and bequeath to my daughter Killegrew, one Neste of White Bolles, and twoo siluer Candlesticks. Item I gyve to my sonne William, my second Bason and Ewer, percell gilte, twoo fflaggons of sylur and a dosen of Spoones. Item I gyve to my sonne Richard, alí • The Cookes were buried under the N. E.

chapel, in Romford old church,

+It is scarcely necessary to state that a Nest of Bolles' means a set of bowls, one within another,