I cannot make a better Reply to this Accufation, than in the Words of the late learned Bishop of Sarum, in his Answer to the forefaid Pamphlet, which does undeniably prove that here was no Change of Principles, nor departing from former Opinions.

"As I have (fays bis Lordship) ex"prefly and publickly owned a re"ferve for Refiftance in cafe of a To"tal Subverfion; fo I muft add, that to

66

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my knowledge, other Divines ftill un"derstood that Doctrine of Non-Refiftance "with this Reserve; though they did 66 not think it neceffary to mention it. If Man were to exhort married Perfons 66 to their Duty, he might ufe that gene"ral Expreffion of St. Paul, That the Huf "band is the Head of the Wife, even as "Chrift is the Head of the Church; and that

66

as the Church is subject unto Chrift, so "Wives ought to be fubject to their own Huf"bands in every Thing: He might fay all "this, without an Exception; and yet in "the Cafe of intolerable Cruelty, the "Wife may fee to her own Preservation; "but Desertion or Adultery fets her more 66 at liberty. In the fame manner, when we exhort Children to obey their Parents in all things; we do not fuppofe the Cafe "of their Parents going about to kill them, << nor argue what they may do in fuch a

"Cafe.

"Cafe. Extraordinary Cafes ought not "to be fuppofed, when we give the Dire"ations that belong to the ordinary Course "of Life; and therefore Divines might "preach Submiffion in very large and full "Expreffions, who yet might believe, "That a Total Subverfion was a Case of a"nother Nature, which might warrant more violent Remedies. This I am fure

"was

แ

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was our late Primate's Opinion. This "was that which we laid before that "Great, but innocent Victim, that was facrificed to the Rage of a Party, I " mean the Lord Ruffell, who was con"demned for Treafonable Words, tho' there was not one Witness that swore one "Word against him; it being only depo"fed, That Treasonable Words were faid "in his Hearing; to which, as was fworn, " he was confenting, tho' no Words of His 66 were expreffed, that imported any fuch "Confent. The true Cafe of that whole "Matter was ftated thus; A vifible De

fign was carried on to bring in Popery "and Arbitrary Government. In order to "that, Quo Warranto's were brought a"gainft feveral Cities and Burroughs, "which would have changed the Confti"tution of the Houfe of Commons; and

Sheriffs unduly elected were put on the "City of London, on Defign, as 'twas be❝lieved, to pack Juries. These things

66 were

"were thought juft Grounds of Resistance; "the late Primate and my felf were of a

nother Opinion; We knew, or at leaft "had Reafon to believe we knew, the Se"cret of the King's Religion who then “ reigned; and did not doubt of the bad "Defigns that were then on Foot, and of "the illegal Actings of that Time; yet "we ftill thought that remote Fears and "Confequences,together with illegal Pra"tifes, did not justify Refiftance; but "that the Laws both of the Gospel and of "the Land, did bind us in that Cafe to "Submiffion. That Lord upon this, said, "He did not fee a Difference between a Legal " and a Turkish Conftitution, upon this Hy"pothefis: And when we told him, That 66 4 Total Subverfion changed the Cafe; he "anfwered, Then it would be too late to re66 fift. In all that Affair the late Primate "had the fame Opinion, and no other than "that he had to the laft. Some particu "lar Confiderations reftrained him from "Writing about it; but he did not de"cline to explain this, as oft as there was "Occafion given for it.

"Upon the whole Matter, there are two Queftions in the Point of Refiftance: "The one is, Whether Subjects may Re"fift meerly upon the Account of Religi on, or not, either to force a General Reformation, or to fecure themselves

" from

"from Perfecution? The other is con❝cerning the Conftitution of States and "Kingdoms; and of this in particular, "How far they have retained or loft their "Liberties? The one is a Point of Divi"nity, the other is a Point of Law and "Hiftory. As to the first, I do not know "6 one of all the Divines that have sworn

to the present Government, who are not "ftill of the fame Opinion that they were ❝formerly of, and that do not still judge "Refiftance on the Account of Religion to “be unlawful. Nor does it any way re"flect on them, if they should have chan"ged their Opinion in the other Point, " which falls not fo properly within their "Studies. They might have been misled "by Chimerical Notions of Imperial and "Political Laws; they might have thought "that the Zeal with which fome had pro"mised to stand it out against a Popish "King, threatning that they would tell "him to his Face (at leaft owning that "it was their Duty to do it) That he was Fovian, an Idolater, a Bread-Worshipper, a God"defs-Worshipper; with a great many other "fine Names, that they said they would "give him. They might, I fay, have

p. 96.

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thought, that we were fafe under the "Conduct of Men, who were fo bold "when there was no Danger; but were much tamer and more cautious as the

"Dan

"Danger came nearer them. Thus many "might go into wrong Notions of our "Government, and think we had no Li"berties left us, but what were at the "Discretion of our Princes. It is no De"rogation from the Learning and Studies "of Divines to own, that tho' they are "ftill of their former Opinion in that "which is Theological, and that was on❝ly incumbent on them to know; yet in "Matters of Law and Policy, they might "have been led into Mistakes. This an"swers all that pompous Objection, with "which fo much Noife is made, and up"on which so many ill Words have been "faftened. A great many have not at all "changed their Opinion, even in this se"cond Point; and others do fee that they "were mistaken in their Opinion concern ❝ing our Conftitution, and the Nature "of Laws and Legal Security; and the "Right that arifes out of thefe, in the "Cafe of a Total Subverfion.

"

He has been also represented as no lover of the Liturgy of the Church of England. Dr. CALAMY tells the following Story of Calamy's him. Dr. TILLOTSON frankly owning in ment of Abridg 6 a Sermon, that the Diffenters had fome Mr. Baxplaufible Objections against the Com-ter's HiStory, &c. 'mon-Prayer, Arch-Bishop Sancroft fend-p. 226. ing for him to reprimand him, he stood to what he had alferted: The Arch-Bi• Shop