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SCENE III. The death of Cassius is recorded in this scene.

V. iii. 2. Myself... enemy: supply “I”—“I have to mine own men

turned enemy," refer

ring to the episode of
the cowardly standard-
bearer. See illustration
for standard-bearer.

V. iii. 19. even
with a thought=as
rapidly as a flash of
thought. Cf." with a
twink" in The Tem-
pest, IV. i. 43.

V. iii. 21. thick= dim. Cf. Lucrece, 782.

V. iii. 29. With horsemen : for ex

Roman Cavalry (V. iii. 29).

ample of Roman cavalry, see illustration.

V. iii. 42. Search thou: pierce thou. Cf. Titus AnStand.-bearer. dronicus, II. iiì. 262, "to the bottom dost thou search my

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V. iii. 43. hilts: note the plural use of the word for a singular object.

V. iii. 53. legions: for example of a legionary with the lorica or coat of mail, see illustration.

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This use of the vocative is rare in Shakespeare. Cf. Suetonius, Bk. III. Cap. lxi.

V. iii. 104. Thasos: this was an island in the Ægean, where Cassius at one time had a house. Cf. Peter Martyr, Loci Communes, Bk. IV., Cap. xlvii.

V. iii. 105. funerals: note the plural form of the word; the singular is more frequent in Shakespeare. The only other case of the plural occurs in Titus Andronicus, I. i. 381, “ plead for his funerals.”

SCENE IV. The battle is renewed and ends in the defeat of Brutus.

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V. iv. 12. Only I yield to die = I yield only in order to die, or on condition of dying. Note the position of the adverb; the Elizabethans took great licence in this. This passage is somewhat obscure, but has been amended by the insertion of the stage direction offering money.

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V. iv. 30. Whether in order to keep the scansion right it must be pronounced "whe're," as in Act I. Sc. i. 62; Act V. Sc. iii. 98.

SCENE V. The death of Brutus and the victory of Antony and Octavius.

دو

V. v. 3. came not: note the use of the past tense for the perfect, "has not come. Cf. Much Ado About Nothing, I. ii. 4, "I can tell you strange news that you yet dreamed not of." Cf. Abbott, § 346, 347.

V. v. 42. have but laboured to attain : have laboured only to attain. Cf. note on Act V. Sc. iv. 12.

V. v. 46. some snatch (or smatch) = some shade, or tinge or tincture. Cf. Earle's Microcosmographie, Chap. xxxvi. 1. 10 (Dent's Temple Classics), "he has some smatch of a scholar and yet uses Latin hardly."

V. v. 59. Lucilius' saying another example of an error which has been raised into the dignity of a rule. Owing to the dissonance caused by the three sibilants coming together, one of them has been in verse elided; thus we say "Lucilius' saying" in place of "Lucilius's saying," and this

has now passed into currency both in prose and verse.

V. v. 60. entertain them = receive them into my service.

V. v. 61. bestow=pass, or spend. Cf. Antony and Cleopatra, V. ii. 182, "bestow it at your pleasure.'

155.

دو

V. v. 62. prefer = recommend.

Cf. The Merchant of Venice, II. ii.

V. v. 69. save only he Abbott considers that "save" is here used for "saved" (the participle of to save) and that "he" is the nominative absolute. Cf. Twelfth Night, III. i. 172.

V. v. 78. his bones = his corpse.

V. v. 8o. field=the army then encamped on the field of battle.

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Abide (verb), be responsible for, stand the consequences of; III. i. 94; III. ii. 119. M.E. abyen, to redeem; A.S. abycgan, to pay for. Abject (sub.), anything thrown aside as useless; IV. i. 37. Lat. abjectus, part of abjicere, to cast away. Cf. Richard III., I. i. 106. Abridge (verb), to diminish or shorten-used of time; III. i. 104. O.F. abrigier, another form of abrevier. Lat. abbreviare, to curtail. Merchant of Venice, I. i. 127. Accoutred (part.), fully dressed; I. ii. 105. Fr. accoutrer; O.F. accoustrer, to array. Addressed (part.), prepared; III. i.

29.

Æneas (prop. name), the Trojan

hero, son of Anchises, and legendary founder of Rome. He carried his father from the burning Troy on his shoulders, hence was called "pious Æneas' ; I. ii. 112. Affability (sub.), kindness in deed as well as manner; II. i. 82. Afloat (verb), voyaging; IV. iii. 222. Cf. Sonnets, 1xxx. 9. After (prep.), thereafter or afterwards; I. ii. 76.

Ages (sub.), generations of men ; III. 1. III. Lat. ævum.

Ague (sub.), the name given to a sort of intermittent fever; II. ii. 113.

Aim (sub.), guess, conjecture; I. ii. 163. From O F æsmer, esmer, to aim at.

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Low Lat. Low Latin

Airless (adj.), wanting fresh air; 1. iii. 94. Alchemy (sub.), the false art of making gold; I. iii. 159. From Arab al, the, and Kimya, chemistry. With the exception of the Sonnets (xxxiii. 4; cxiv. 4) the word is only used in this play.

Allow (verb), permit, grant; III. ii. 64. Low Lat. allocare, to allot. Cf. Cymbeline, II. iii. 120. An (conj.), if (followed by indic. as well as the subj. mood); IV. iii. 258.

Angel (sub.), favourite

friend, guardian spirit; III. ii. 185. Lat. angelus; Gr. ayyeλos.

Answer (verb), to render account, atone; V. i. 24. A.S. andswerian, and swarian, to answer. Apprehensive (adj.), gifted with understanding, intelligent; III. i.

67.

Lat. apprehendo, to lay hold Cf. All's Well that Ends Well; I. ii. 61.

of.

Apt (adj.), several shades of meaning;

(1) easily influenced; V. ii. 68; (2) prompt, fit; III. i. 60; (3) adapted, appropriate, or becoming; II. ii. 97. Lat. aptus, 2 Henry IV., I. i. 69.

Argue (verb), to demonstrate by reasoning, to discuss; V. i. 48. Lat. arguere, to prove by argument. Coriolanus, I. i. 224.

Arrive (verb), to reach; I. i. 110. Fr. arriver; Low Lat. arripare, to come to land.

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Até (prop. name) the goddess of
Retribution and of Evil; III. i. 271.
Cf. King John, II. i. 63.
Audience (sub.), hearing; III. ii. 2.
Lat. audientia, hearing, from audire,
to hear.

Augurer (sub.), one who divined the

future from such occurrences as the flight of birds; a reader of omens. Shakespeare confounds the augurer (or more properly the augur) with the haruspex, the Etrurian diviners, who foretold coming events from the appearance of the entrails of sacrificed animals; II. i. 200. The illustration in the "Notes shows the usual dress of the augur. Awe (verb), to strike with reverence, and hence to keep in subjection; I. ii. 123. A.S. oga or ege, awe.

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Bathe (verb), dip, immerse; III. i. 106. A.S. bathian, to bathe, from A.S. baeth, a bath. Cf. Antony and Cleopatra, IV. ii. 6.

Battle (sub.), division of an army; V. i. 4.

Bay (verb), (1) standing at bay defying attack; III. i. 204; (2) to bark at; IV. iii. 27. The former sense of the term comes from the phrase, etre aux abois, to be at bay, the latter from the O. F. abbayer, to bark, also Low Lat. baubari, to yelp; Troilus and Cressida, II. iii. 93; and Cymbeline, V. v. 223. Beads (sub.), tears; III. i. 284.

Bear (verb), has many special idiomatic meanings; (1) bear a hand over restrain; I. ii. 35; (2) bear hard cherish enmity against; I. ii. 316; II. i. 215; (3) bear meget from me, receive at my hands; III. iii. 18. Befriend (verb), favour; II. iv. 30. Cf. Timon of Athens, III. ii. 62. Beholding (verb), obliged to, under obligations to, beholder, III. ii. 70. Belike (adv.), as it appears; as it seems to me; III. ii. 275. Bend (sub.), glance, look; I. ii. 123. M.E. benden; A.S. bendan, to string a bow, from A.S. bend, a band, which comes in turn from band, past tense of bindan, to bend. Besmear (verb), dip in, cover, soil; III. i. 107.

Best (adj.), used in courtesy without any distinct or definite sense; "At your best leisure," III. i. 5. Bestow (verb), lay out, expend; V. v. 61. M.E. stowen to put in a place; A.S. stow a place. Twelfth Night, I. iii. 94. Bethink, used reflectively

Cf.

and

followed by a clause = resolve, come to some conclusion; IV. iii. 251. Used almost in the sense of "methinks." A.S. thencan, thencean, to think. Cf. Richard II., II. iii. 8. Betimes (adv.), soon, before it becomes too late; II. i. 116. Betray (verb), ensnare, entrap; II. i. 204. Prefix be and O.F. trair, to deliver up, from Lat. tradere. The prefix be was due to confusion with bewray. Cf. Cymbeline, I. iii.

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