much hurt; but, recommending himself to God and Our Lady, he was cured, and ordered a solemn procession, which he attended in person, and granted a full absolution to all who assisted. This happened, as said, on the vigil, or on the day preceding it, of the feast of St. Peter. The same day the king and queen of France left Lyon for Troyes in Champagne, to meet an embassy from Germany that was expected there.

On St. Anne's day, the 26th of July, the king of Yvetot* died at Lyon: he was buried in the church of Sainte Croix, near to that of St. John. The 28th, on a Sunday morning, the last arch but one of the bridge over the Rhône, at Lyon, near to Bechevelain, fell down: the wall and the other arch remained, but it could not be crossed without great danger, and by going along the top of the wall. This year the Swiss made war on the king's territories,-on which account his Swiss-guards returned home, but the war was soon put an end to.-About St. Simon and St. Jude's day, M. de Bordeaux, archbishop of Lyon, died, and was succeeded by François de Rohan, son to the marshal de Gié.

The king of France, about this period, sent a doctor of divinity from Paris to La Vauputet, to convert the inhabitants from some fantastical opinions they had imbibed,-but he failed of success. Near Christmas, the river Saone was frozen as high as Mâcon, which prevented any corn and other victual coming to Lyon, and raised the price of bread very high. On St. Thomas's day, the Rhône suddenly rose in the afternoon, and higher than was ever known in so short a time.

In the year 1501, the bishop of Amiens, a native of Burgundy, died at a place called Arboise‡, and was succeeded by the bishop of Nevers. A jubilee took place, this year, in France, for the support of a war against the Turks,—and a tenth was raised, from all benefices, for the same purpose. The archduke Philip and his consort came, in the course of the year, to Paris, and declared themselves friends to the king. They went thence into Spain, where the archduchess was brought to bed of a son.

A large body of infantry, with great stores of salted provision, were ordered to Naples ; and the king and queen went to Lyon, to see these troops march through that city. The wife of duke Réné of Lorraine came to Sainte Claude, with her son, and thence proceeded to wait on the king and queen at Lyon. Her son remained at the court, and had a pension; and on the mother's returning to Lorraine, the king presented her with a white palfrey, most richly caparisoned in crimson velvet, with knotted cord-work in embroidery.

CHAPTER CCXVII.—THE KING OF FRANCE SENDS TROOPS TO RECONQUER NAPLES, WHICH IN A SHORT TIME IS WON,—AND FREDERICK, STYLING HIMSELF KING THEREOF, COMES TO FRANCE.

THE king was very anxious to recover his dominions in Naples, and for this purpose sent thither a considerable force by sea and land. The king's lieutenant-general, the lord d'Aubigny, was so diligent, on his arrival, that he soon won the town of Naples. Frederick, calling himself king of Naples, was then in the town; for, after the decease of the duke of Calabria, he claimed it as his inheritance. Seeing all resistance vain, he consented to meet the king of France, to make arrangements respecting his claim; for he was unwilling to remain the king's enemy, seeing it was impossible for him to resist. Some of his children, however, were carried away secretly to the king of Spain.

The king of France received the news of the capture of Naples, and of Frederick, the 8th of August, when at Lyon, where great rejoicings, with bonfires and solemn processions, were made on the occasion, to render thanks to the God of all victories.

On the feast of Our Lady, in September of this year, the convent of the Celestins at Lyon

King of Yvetot. Yvetot is a small burgh in the country of Caux, six leagues from Rouen. Clotaire I., king of France, having killed Gautier lord of Yvetot, as a compensation erected it into a kingdom.-See La Martiniere's or Baudrand's Geographical Dictionaries.

in

La Vaupute. Q. Vault-de-Puis-de-Sacs? a village Burgundy.

Arbois,-in Franche Comté, celebrated for its vine yards, thirty-eight leagues from Lyon.

took fire, and nearly the whole of it was destroyed. The fire began in the chimney; but the convent was soon afterwards rebuilt, handsomer than before. The same day, friar John Tisserant, an Observantine, of whom mention has been before made, died. On All-Souls day, don Frederic arrived at Lyon, from Naples, and was conducted further into France.

CHAPTER CCXVIII.-THE CARDINAL OF AMBOISE MAKES HIS PUBLIC ENTRY INTO LYON, AS LEGATE TO FRANCE.

SUNDAY, the 7th of October, the lord-cardinal of Amboise made his public entry into Lyon, having been appointed legate from the holy see to France. His entry was very sumptuous and handsome: the streets hung with rich tapestries, and several allegorical mysteries represented in those streets he passed through. The populace were greatly rejoiced at his arrival, as he had established a peace among the Christian princes, which was proclaimed at Lyon on Saturday preceding Christmas, when bonfires were made in all the squares. About this time, the lady Margaret was married to the duke of Savoy, and made her public entry into Geneva in the course of the month of December.

*

CHAPTER CCXIX.-THE FRENCH, AFTER THE CAPTURE OF NAPLES, MAKE WAR ON THE TURKS.

The

THE year 1502 was the jubilee for a croisade against the Turks. It was, as said, celebrated throughout Christendom to excite every prince to take up arms on the occasion. But there were divisions among them; and all failed in their engagements excepting the king of France, who showed himself deserving of his title of Most Christian King. After the conquest of Naples, he ordered his troops to make war on the Turks by sea and land,—for they, having declared war against the Venetians, had landed troops near to Venice. French army were eager to advance to the conquest of Constantinople, under the command of the lord Philip of Ravenstein; and they had undertaken the siege of the town of Metelino, under a promise of pay, and of being victualled, made by the Venetians to the king of France. They failed in the last article, for the French army was five days without provision; and what was worse, the Venetians allowed the Turks to march through part of their territories, who fell on the French, killed numbers, and made thirty-two prisoners,-for whose release the pope issued his pardons to obtain the necessary sums, as is specified in the bull. By these means, the French army was ruined; but had the promises made to the French been kept, they would soon have conquered the greater part of Turkey.

Good-Friday, this year, falling on the feast of Our Lady in March, pardons were fully granted at the church of Our Lady at Puys, in Auvergne, where such multitudes attended that a melancholy accident happened, by the falling down of a wall from the crowd pressing against it, which killed numbers, and wounded more. Several also perished from the great pressure. This year, a marriage was concluded between the king of Hungary and Anne of Candale, daughter to the lord of Candale of the house of Foix. She soon after made her public entry into Lyon, where several splendid mysteries were represented, and thence continued her route to Hungary, where the marriage was consummated, and they had a fine family of children. About a fortnight before St. George's day, the prince of Orange died, and was succeeded by his infant son.

Not long after this, the king of France went to Lombardy, and made his public entry into Genoa, the inhabitants having placed themselves under his dominion. The town made him many rich gifts, and having stayed there some time, he returned to France in September. About this period, Réné bastard of Savoy was driven out of that country, and took refuge

The lady Margaret-of Austria, daughter to the emperor Maximilian, and widow to John, son to Ferdinand the Catholic king of Spain.

with the king of France, to the great displeasure of the duke and duchess of Savoy; for Réné had revealed divers machinations that were going forward to the prejudice of the crown of France. Shortly, a suit was instituted against the duchess, to recover some places which the duke had given her, that belonged to Réné by purchase.

While the king was in Dauphiny, the duke and duchess of Savoy visited the queen at Lyon, but made no public entry: they staid only four or six days, and went back to Savoy a little before the king's return. Shortly afterward, the general of the order of Cordelier friars came to France, to establish a reform, and to make them follow the regulations of the Observantines,-for the king would have it so, as he knew them to be too worldly inclined, and that it was better to have ten good monks than two thousand vicious ones. On the vigil of St. Martin's day, the wife of don Frederic arrived in France, with some of her children and attendants.

In the year 1503, the picture of Our Lady of the Cloister, which had been in the cloister of the Cordeliers at Lyon, was removed into the church, and placed in the chapel of St. Francis. This painting was so large that the wall was broken down to admit it into the chapel, where it now is most richly decorated. About the beginning of Lent, the king's palace at Dijon was burnt down, by the firing a culverin up the chimney to clean it; the king soon afterwards rebuilt it with greater magnificence.

The 21st of April, when the king was at Lyon, he made a general abolition of a variety of tolls and imposts that had existed for a hundred years, without any legal sanction,-with orders not to re-establish them under severe penalties. This was contained in letters patent he granted to the merchants who trafficked on the Rhône and Saone, and other navigable rivers falling into them, from the town of Pontarlier, above Auxonne, to the sea,—and also to those who trafficked by land through France, the Mâconnois, Lyonnois, Languedoc, and Dauphiny. By these letters, all obstructions to the navigation, such as wears, mill-dams, and the like, were ordered to be instantly removed, excepting such as may have been particularly erected by the king.

The French army at Naples gained ground daily, and had nearly conquered Sicily, so that all trembled before them.

CHAPTER CCXX.-THE ARCHDUKE MAKES HIS ENTRY INTO LYON. ANOTHER HERETIC.

THE archduke Philip made his public entry into Lyon the 23rd of March, and it was very handsome. He came from Spain; but before he entered the king's territories, he demanded that five or six of the princes of the blood should be sent to his country, as hostages for his safety during his stay in France. This was done, for the king had no evil intentions; but the archduke had made the above demand imagining that he might be somewhat inclined to be suspicious of him. The populace were rejoiced at his coming, because he was charged to make peace between the kings of France and Spain, which he did; and it was proclaimed while the king, queen, and their court were at Lyon, on the 4th of April. The peace included, beside the kings of France and Spain, the archduke, the king of the Romans, and their allies. The archduke, on leaving Lyon, went to Bourg-en-Bresse in Savoy, where he met the duke, and his sister the duchess of Savoy.

About the 13th of April, the lord John de Horne, bishop of Liege, waited on the king at Lyon, on account of a quarrel that had taken place between him and the lord de la Marche, which they had mutually referred for the king's decision, and he made peace between them. The archduke had not been long at Bourg-en-Bresse before it was known that the king of Spain had landed a large army at Naples, and had instantly attacked the French unexpectedly-for they understood that they were at peace with Spain. Notwithstanding this, a severe conflict took place, and the duke of Nemours was killed treacherously. The Spaniards conquered the town of Naples, in contradiction to the oath their king had so lately made to observe the peace. It was said that pope Alexander VII. had supplied the Spa.. niards with provision. The lord d'Aubigny retired into Calabria with a few of his men ;

but had the French been supported, they would have prevented the Spaniards succeeding in their enterprise. It was likewise reported, that some of the French had joined the Spaniards, having an understanding with the king of Spain; but this perhaps was discovered afterwards. The lord de la Trimouille was, in consequence, sent to Naples as lieutenantgeneral for the king; but he was seized with so grievous a malady on his road, he was forced to return to France.

In this year, an extraordinary event happened at Paris. A young scholar, twenty-two years old, a native of Abbeville, whose parents were of worth and much respected, went on the feast of St. Louis to the holy chapel in the palace, while mass was celebrating at an altar on the right hand. When the priest was about to consecrate the host, this scholar snatched it out of his hands, and ran away with it into the court fronting the exchequerchamber. Perceiving that he was pursued, he tore the wafer into pieces, and flung them on the pavement. When taken, he was confined in the prison of the Conciergerie; but no exhortations could make him repent. Upon this his parents were sent for, who were much grieved at his conduct, more especially for his obstinacy and malice; and the mother died in Paris of grief. The father renounced his son for a heretic, and wanted to put him to death with his own hands. When brought before the court of parliament, he was asked of what religion he was, and replied, Of the religion of nature. It was said that he had frequented the company of some scholars from Spain, who had fled. A general procession was made to the holy chapel, to offer up prayers to God that the scholar might be converted; and a sermon was preached, while he was present, by an eminent doctor. The court of parliament finding him obstinate, condemned him to be dragged from prison to the place where he had thrown down the host; then to be put into a tumbril, and have his wrist cut off, and carried to the pig-market to be burnt. He was accompanied all the time by three doctors, who earnestly exhorted him to repent,-namely, master John Standun, a Cordelier, and a Jacobin: the first never left him until dead, notwithstanding he continued in his obstinacy to the last. From the time this impiety had been committed, a canopy of cloth of gold was supported over the spot where the host had fallen, with two burning tapers beside it. The pavement was taken up, and carried to the holy chapel, with such parts of the wafer as could be found, to be preserved as relics, and the place repaved.

Toward the end of August, in this year, pope Alexander VII. died. The king was then at Mâcon, and immediately ordered the cardinal of Amboise, the cardinal Ascanius Sforza, then a prisoner in France, the cardinal of St. George, with other cardinals, to repair to Rome, for the election of a pope. About nine or ten o'clock of the Monday before Michaelmas-day, the whole arch of the bridge over the Rhône at Lyon fell down.

The cardinal of Sienna, nephew to pope Pius II., was elected pope, and took the name of Pius III.; but did not live more than eight or ten days after his exaltation. During that short space he had already shown how very much he was indisposed against the French. He was the hundred and sixth pope.

On Wednesday preceding St. Luke's day, the lord Peter of Bourbon* died, while the king was at Mâcon: he was much bewailed; for he had ever been true and loyal to the crown of France, and was an able counsellor. The 19th of October died pope Pius III., at Rome, who, as I have said, did not outlive his election more than eight or ten days; and the cardinals made another election. The French at Naples slew very many Spaniards— and had they been properly supported, they would have driven them thence; for the lord d'Aubigny evinced much valour and prudence.

• Peter II., duke of Bourbon, the last of the eldest line of Robert de Clermont, son of St. Louis. His only daughter and heir, Susanna, married Charles de Bourbon

Montpensier, afterwards constable of France and duke of
Bourbon.

CHAPTER CCXXI.-THE CARDINAL OF ST. PIETRO AD VINCULA ELECTED POPE.

THE cardinal of St. Pietro ad Vincula, legate of Avignon, and by name Francis de Savona *, was elected the hundred and seventh pope of Rome, and took the name of Julius II. He was nephew to the late pope, Sixtus IV., and had accompanied King Charles of France at the conquest of Naples. After his election, he made his nephew cardinal of St. Pietro ad Vincula, and legate of Avignon.

The French army before Saulset, in the county of Roussillon, was badly conducted by some in whom the king had great confidence; for it was so well equipped, wonders were expected from it. The commanders might have taken the castle and the garrison, on allowing their captains to march away in safety; but although many were for it, the majority were against them. The castle was mined to its very foundations, and the army was so strongly encamped it could not be hurt; but the king of Spain, by dint of money, as it was known afterwards, blinded the eyes of the commanders, to the astonishment and vexation of all loyal Frenchmen when it was discovered. The commander-in-chief, the marshal de Rieux, a Breton, marched away to Narbonne, to the great discontent of the French, as the camp was left without a leader. Every one behaved with the utmost courage, and raised the siege, carrying off the artillery and baggage, without loss, in their retreat. However, had all behaved as they ought to have done, conformable to their engagements with the king, in a short time they would have made great advances into the enemy's country, considering the fine army of the French. The lord de la Roche-pot was killed, when before Saulse, by a cannon-shot. It was a great loss, for he was a good and valiant knight, and the king and whole court were much grieved at it. The French army in Naples not only kept its ground, but even made some conquests.

On Christmas-eve, in this year, the lord Louis of Luxembourg, lord of Ligny, died, about twelve o'clock at night, at Lyon; and was very much regretted by the king, and all who knew him, for he was universally beloved.

The 3d day of July, in this year, died Pierre, cardinal of Aubusson‡, grand-master of Rhodes, which he had governed for twenty-seven years: during the early part of which, Rhodes was attacked by the Turks with an immense army; but he and his knights made so gallant a defence, he was victorious, and the Turks left upwards of forty thousand dead: the rest saved themselves by flight, to the great vexation of all Turkey, in spite of their cries, "Mahoun, avenge us!" The sultan, finding this army defeated, uttered a horrid cry, to the alarm of his attendants, and swore to march another to Rhodes, and have ample revenge; but while he was employed in making preparations, he died. The grand-master of Rhodes detained the next heir to the sultan a prisoner for thirteen years, contrary to the will of many, and then delivered him up to the pope, who, in return, sent him a cardinal's hat. He had those fortifications repaired that had been damaged by the Turks, and then converted the Jews in the island to Christianity. He formed alliances with all the princes in Christendom, and did an infinite deal of good. He was succeeded by Emeri d'Amboise, brother to the cardinal of Amboise, legate to France, who instantly left France for Rhodes, to oppose the Turks, who were continually carrying on a warfare against the Christians.

Francis de Savona. This must be a mistake: bis name was Julius della Rovere. He was born at Albizale, a village near to Savona.

Saulse. Q. Sault? a small territory adjoining Roussillon.

Aubusson. He was grand prior of Auvergne, and descended from the ancient viscounts of la Marche. Pope Innocent sent him the cardinal's hat for having delivered up to his guard Zizim, brother to Bajazet.