ingly simple, while in others it is complex. In order that the exact nature of the oath taken by the attorney may be understood, the oath prescribed in its most complex form has been separated into its component parts, and the names of the States that have prescribed oaths of office for attorneys are given in alphabetical order, with the elements contained in their respective oaths indicated therewith. By reading the portions of the analysis in the order indicated after each State, the gist of the lawyer's oath in that State will be seen. Thus, the figures with the State of Delaware are 7, 1, 6. The actual oath in Delaware reads as follows: (7) "I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will behave myself in the office of an attorney within the court, according to the best of my learning and ability and with all good fidelity, as well to the court as to the client; (1) I will use no falsehood, nor (6) delay any person's cause through lucre or malice. So help me God (or so I affirm)." 1 1 ANALYSIS OF ATTORNEY'S OATH 1. You shall do no falsehood, "2. Nor consent to any to be done in the court, "3. And if you know of any to be done you 1 Revised Statutes of Delaware, 1893, Chapter XCII, page shall give knowledge thereof to the justices of the court, or some of them, that it may be reformed, “4. You shall not wittingly or willingly promote, sue or procure to be sued any false or unlawful suit, "5. Nor give aid or consent to the same, "6. You shall delay no man for lucre or malice, "7. But you shall conduct yourself in the office of an attorney within the courts, according to the best of your knowledge and discretion, and with all good fidelity as well to the courts as your clients. So help you God." Attorney's Oath in various States of the Union Alabama, 7, 1, 6. Arizona, 7. Arkansas, 7. California, 7. Colorado, 7. Connecticut, the oath entire. Delaware, 7, 1, 6. Florida, 7. 1 The oath in Idaho is as follows: "1. To support the constitution and laws of the United States and of this State; "2. To maintain the respect due to the courts of justice and judicial officers; "3. To counsel or maintain such actions, proceedings or defenses only as appear to him legal or just, except the defense of a person charged with a public offense; Illinois, 7. Indiana (same as Idaho). Iowa, 7. Kansas, 7. Kentucky, 7. Louisiana, 7. Maine, the oath entire. Maryland, 7. Massachusetts, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7. Minnesota, 7, 1, 6. Mississippi, 7, 1, 6. Missouri, 7. Montana, 7. Nebraska, 7. Nevada, general oath.1 New Hampshire, the oath entire. New Jersey, 7. New York, 7. North Carolina, 7. North Dakota, general oath.1 Ohio, general oath.' "4. To employ, for the purpose of maintaining the causes confided to him, such means only as are consistent with truth, and never seek to mislead the judges by an artifice or false statement of fact or law; "5. To maintain inviolate the confidence, and at every peril to himself, to preserve the secrets of his client; "6. To abstain from all offensive personality, and to advance no fact prejudicial to the honor or reputation of a party 1 Similar to that administered to all State officers. Oklahoma, the oath entire. Oregon, 7. Pennsylvania, 7, 1, 6. Rhode Island, 7. South Dakota, the oath entire. Tennessee, 7.. Texas, 7. Utah, 7. Vermont, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7. Virginia, 7. Washington.1 West Virginia, 7. Wisconsin, 7. Wyoming, 7. It will be observed that number 7 of the analysis may be construed by the courts to include the other six divisions. § 165. OFFENSES RECOGNIZED BY THE COMMON LAW AS CAUSES FOR DISBARMENT. It is a generally recognized common-law principle that the conviction of an attorney for a or witness, unless required by the justice of the cause with which he is charged; "7. Not to encourage either the commencement or the continuance of an action or proceeding from any motive of passion or interest; "8. Never to reject for any consideration personal to himself the cause of the defenseless or oppressed." Idaho Code, 1901, § 3094. 1 The oath prescribed in the State of Washington is the same as in Idaho, with the omission of No. 7. criminal offense that involves moral turpitude is a ground for disbarment. Embezzlement, larceny, maintenance, and champerty are perhaps the most common offenses leading to the disbarment of attorneys. Each of these offenses concerns the lawyer in his professional character, and shows him to be unfit for the high office of attorney at law. Each involves moral turpitude. But conviction for a crime that does not directly affect the lawyer's professional character would nevertheless justify disbarment, if it involved moral turpitude. § 166. OFFENSES ESPECIALLY DESIGNATED BY STATUTE AS CAUSES FOR DISBARMENT. Many States of the Union make no reference in their statutes to the causes for disbarment of attorneys. A few jurisdictions that have made official declarations of causes for disbarment are quoted below. ILLUSTRATIONS New York: A lawyer who is proven guilty of deceit, malpractice, crime or misdemeanor, or of fraud or deceit in proceedings by which he was admitted to practice, may be suspended or disbarred by appellate division of the Supreme Court. Any lawyer convicted of a felony "shall, upon such conviction," cease to be a lawyer or to |