duty is to act for others and not for himself, unless in a cause in which he is an original party. Claims procured by gift, barter, or purchase, are not causes in which he is an original party, hence on such claims he cannot rightfully

sue.

The reason for this regulation is that if lawyers were allowed to purchase causes of action, it would greatly increase the volume of litigation and perhaps result in suits that ought never to be brought. For instance, the owner of a doubtful claim might not care to sue if he were liable for lawyer's fees, whereas, if the lawyer himself owned the same claim, he could bring suit without risking anything but his own time and a trifling amount for actual expenditures.

Hence, the lawyer is denied the right to acquire an interest in litigation, and herein he again differs from the layman.

§ 6. SUMMARY OF CHAPTER.

Upon admission to the bar one acquires new duties and responsibilities. The question of how one should conduct himself in respect to these new duties and responsibilities is a difficult one to decide because of a lack of preliminary instruction. A movement is now being made to overcome the difficulty. The lawyer differs socially from the layman in several important respects.

He is under a duty of silence as to a client's confidences. He is under a duty to uphold the dignity of the profession. It is his duty to be loyal to the courts. He is under a further duty not to acquire an interest in litigation.

Locating in Small Community Temporarily.

SEC. 10. Clerkship or Independent Practice.

Length of Apprenticeship.

SEC. 11. Desk Room or Independent Office.
Sharing Expenses of Office.

SEC. 16.

Pollution of Air by Smoking.

Leaving the Office Door Ajar.

SEC. 17. Summary of Chapter.

§ 7. ITS BEARING UPON ETHICAL DEVELOPMENT. The professional ethics of a lawyer, like his general character, take form not wholly through mental and spiritual convictions at the beginning of his career, but to a large extent through the influence of his environment and the conduct of his associates and acquaintances.

Many a young man has started out with high hopes and noble ideals, only to have these hopes and ideals, in the course of a few years or months

under adverse conditions, so completely fade out of his life that he unblushingly pursues methods and policies that lead to eventual disgrace and ruin. His mental attitude has so greatly changed that he considers his former hopes and ideals as fantastic and impracticable.

The trouble was largely in environment and association with men of lower standards of morality. If a proper choice of environment had been made, granting that a choice were possible, and the young man could have had the influence of the right kind of associates for a few years he would have developed consistently with the ideals with which he started.

With the young lawyer, the question of a choice of environment and professional associates is especially important. Many subtle temptations from the path of rectitude and honor come into the life of every lawyer, and he needs, especially in the beginning, to be fortified by wholesome, elevating influences.

§ 8. WHAT MUST BE CONSIDERED.

In making his choice of location of office, he must needs consider whether he should locate in a large city, or in a comparatively small community; whether he should begin for himself, or seek a position in a lawyer's office, together with various other related topics.

89. LARGE CITY OR SMALL.

There is no subject of more vital importance to the lawyer than the choice of community in which he will practice. Were it a matter to be decided entirely with a view to the future, the large city with its great opportunities should unquestionably be the choice of the lawyer who has genuine ability and a capacity for work. But there are other considerations that demand thoughtful attention.

Establishing a lucrative law practice in a large city demands not only ability and capacity for work, but a bull-dog tenacity of purpose that will not yield to discouragements, however great. But, further than this, the lawyer who seeks the great city at the outset of his career must have, for the first year or two, some means of support, aside from his law practice, unless he has wealthy clients at the beginning.

Some lawyers enter the office of an established practitioner, on a salary basis. Others teach in the evening public schools. There are various ways, of course, according to his qualifications, in which the beginner may earn money, but in all there is the danger of being obliged to expend too great an amount of energy for a merely temporary purpose.

If there are others dependent upon him for support the question of location becomes much the more a matter of concern. The increased