on the north, a line drawn from the same point of intersection, through Andara, to the twentieth degree. Within these limits is one of the most fertile districts in South Africa. The heart of it is the point marked on the maps as Lake Ngami. South of the lake the country is undulating, woody and well watered. It is also said to be very rich in minerals, and the climate is so good that Livingstone conceived the idea of making it a health resort for Central South Africa. The River Chobe is navigable only for canoes to the Zambesi, and the more important waterway of the Okavango rises in the neighborhood of the Cunene, in Portuguese territory, to the north, and passing southwards by Lake Ngami, changes its name to the Botletli (or Zuga), and runs out into the Kari Kari Lakes of Khama's country, within ten days' march of Shoshong. Ngamiland was formerly declared to be within the sphere of British influence when their Protectorate was announced over the neighboring country of Northern Bechuanaland.

Baker died in January, 1894. He was a stalwart, self-contained Englishman; a mighty hunter; a clear writer; an intelligent organizer, and an efficient executive, a noble specimen of a worthy race.

CHAPTER XII.

LIVINGSTONE'S LAST JOURNEYS AND DEATH.

NOTHWITHSTANDING the dangers and hardships he had endured during the many years spent in penetrating into the interior of Africa and exploring the Zambesi, Livingstone, unwearied and undaunted, felt an ardent desire to make further discoveries.

His previous expedition, "to promote the production of cotton, and to open up commercial enterprise," was substantially a failure. He was as keenly alive to this fact as any of his enemies. He had spent large sums of Government money, and all of his own, with results which caused general and outspoken dissatisfaction, and brought the whole subject of African exploration into disfavor.

He wished to resume his explorations, but lacked the means. Roderick Murchison and others interested themselves in his behalf, and got the Government to advance $2500. The Geographical Society advanced a further $2500, and $5000 more was subscribed by personal friends. Thus, before the end of 1865, Livingstone was once more in Africa, on a third expedition which lasted over seven years.

For the particulars of this expedition we have to

depend on the brief letters he sent home at distant periods, and more especially on the deeply interesting account of Stanley, who made his adventurous journey to find him.

The Governor of Bombay gave Livingstone permission to take twelve Sepoys, who, being provided with Enfield rifles, were to act as guards to the expedition. He had brought nine men from Johanna, in the Comoro Islands, and these, with seven liberated slaves and two Zambesi men, making 30 in all, formed his attendants, who were considered sufficient to enable him to pass through the country without having to fear any plundering raids from the natives.

Leaving Zanzibar in March, 1866, he landed in a bay to the north of the Rovuma River early in the following month, and on April 7 he began his journey into the interior. His baggage consisted of bales of cloth and bags of beads, to enable him to purchase food and pay tribute to the chiefs through whose territories he might pass. He had, besides, his chronometer, sextant, artificial horizon and thermometers carried in cases, as also medicines, and the necessary clothing and other articles. for himself. To carry the baggage he had six camels, three horses, two mules and three donkeys,

The route chosen was beset with difficulties. For miles on the banks of the river he found the country covered with dense jungle, through which the axe was required to hew a way.

Greatly to his disappointment the Sepoys and Johanna men, unused to such labor, showed a great dislike to it, and soon tried to frustrate the expedition, in order to compel their leader to return to the coast. So cruelly did they neglect and ill-treat the camels and other

animals, that in a short time they all died. Natives were obtained to carry the loads.

Livingstone, feeling that should he be attacked, they would probably desert him, dismissed the Sepoys, and, sent them back to the coast.

For several days together he and his remaining men traveled through a wilderness, and, being unable to obtain food, they suffered much from hunger, while several of the men deserted. Thus was Livingstone left with only three or four attendants to prosecute his journey, while those who had gone off had robbed him of much of his property and even the greater part of his clothes.

Directing his course to the north-west, through the province of Londa, he reached the town of a chief named Kazembe. Londa, Kazembe's capital, is situated on the small Lake Mopo. To the north of it is a very much larger lake, called Moero.

This is only one of a series of lakes which Livingstone discovered in this portion of Central Africa. The most southern in the large Lake of Bangweolo, 4000 feet above the level of the sea, its area almost equal to that of Lake Tanganyika. It is into this lake that the Chambezi and a vast number of other smaller streams empty themselves.

The next important fact he observed was that a larger river than any of them, called the Luapula, runs out of the lake into Lake Moero. Out of the northern end of the Lake Moero again another large river, the Lualaba, runs thundering forth through a vast chasm, and then, expanding into a calm stream of great width, winds its way north and west till it enters a third large lake, the Kamolondo. To this was given the additional name of Webb's River. In some places it was found to be three