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stript naked to his waist, and whipt with thongs, till his back was bloody.

On the first of June, Gusho and Powussen came both to the house of the Ras, where they interrogated him very roughly as to all his past conduct. He clothed himself plainly, and constantly in white, with a cowl of the same colour on his head, like the monks, a sign he had retired from the world. Nothing remarkable happened at this interview, at least as far as was known. From thence Gusho and Powussen went to the king's palace, where they did homage, and took the oaths of allegiance. It was there resolved that Gusho should be Ras, and the other places were all disposed of. Powussen, on the 4th of June, without any previous notice given to Gusho, marched into Gondar with a thousand horse, and, without further ceremony, ordered Ras Michael' to be placed upon a mule, and, joining the rest of his army, who had all struck their tents, marched away suddenly to Begemder. Gusho took possession of the Ras's house and office; the king's officers and servants returned to the palace; the places of those that had fallen in battle were filled, and the whole town began to resume an appearance of peace.

Then was the season for mischief, had not Fasil been hover

1 Ras Michael died in 1780, in the 88th year of his age.

ing with his army, without declaring his approbation. He came about the end of June and paid a short visit to the Iteghé and the king, giving in a list of servants whom he wished to make his own. After these appointments, which the king dare not dispute, though otherwise much against his inclination, Fasil retired with his army to Maitsha.

In the meantime, Gusho set up everything for sale, content with the money the offices produced, and what he could squeeze from people who had crimes, real or alleged, to compound for. He did not perceive that steps were taking by his enemies, which would soon deprive him of all the advantages he enjoyed. This caused great dissatisfaction, and a reaction took place. The king fomented all these complaints by sending a person of consequence to Powussen, who advised him to arrest Gusho immediately. Accordingly he was arrested, and confined a close prisoner in irons, in a high, damp, uninhabited tower of the king's house.

On the 6th of August messengers came from Fasil, and the day after from Powussen, Begemder, Gojam, Damot, and Maitsha, which provinces, by their deputies, desired that Gusho might be set at liberty. This the king agreed to, but upon condition that the Ras should instantly pay him 1000 ounces of gold, and 500 mus

kets, which, on the other side, was as positively refused. Upon this Gusho was put into closer confinement, and heavier irons than before and, what was the most unjust, his two sons, who had left their own country to assist their father in distress, were confined in chains with him.

On the other hand, Adera Tacca Georgis (the king's FitAuraris), and Guebra Welleta Yasous, principal people in Maitsha, and whom Fasil had put about the king, desired leave to retire to their own country, from which it is probable they will never again return to Gondar, unless as enemies.

Although the king still obstinately insisted that the Ras should pay him his thousand ounces of gold, and five hundred muskets, as a price for his being set at liberty, this was refused by Gusho, in terms that showed he was not now, as formerly, afraid of the king's power. On the other hand, the king proclaimed Kefla Yasous governor of the province of Tigré, with the same extent of command as Ras Michael had enjoyed it; and he was already there, and had taken upon him the government of that province. At the same time the king superseded Gusho, and deprived him of his province of Amhara, which was given to his nephew Ayto Adigo, son of Palambaras Durrie, a man of very great interest

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and property in the province; after which he immediately left Gondar, and took his way through Begemder; but at the very entrance into Amhara, he was defeated by a son of Gusho who was expecting him; his troops were dispersed, and his brother, Ayto Aderesson (the man who lost Gusho's horse at the battle of Tedda), wounded and taken prisoner.

To a message from Fasil demanding that Gusho should be set at liberty, the king returned a positive refusal. On the 12th of November, Fasil marched with a considerable army from Ibaba, burnt every church and village between Dingleber and Sar Okha, destroying the inhabitants without regard to age or sex. Fasil having thus given the king a sample of what he was capable of doing, sent another peremptory demand by a crooked diminutive dwarf, for the liberation of Gusho. This request was again refused. At this, Fasil continued his march till within two miles of Gondar, and issued a proclamation which caused the city to be deserted in an instant. On the 15th the king released Gusho from his confinement, who went immediately to the camp of Fasil, and next day returned to the palace, where he had an audience with the king. also came to the palace on the 17th, and announced, among other things, that he had given his daughter to Gusho in marriage; the king therefore gave

Fasil

him Gojam, and also restored the | and upright behaviour. All who province of Amhara. To Fasil had attempted the same journey were given Damot, Maitsha, hitherto had met with disapand Agow; and, for the greater pointment, disgrace, or death; solemnity, the king and Fasil for my part, although I undertook a formal oath to ratify all went every sort of toil, danger, these articles, and to remain and all manner of hardship, yet in friendship for ever. After these were not confined to mywhich, the Abuna, in pontificals, self. I suffered always honourbeing called to be present, pro- ably, and in common with the nounced a formal curse and rest of the state; and when sentence of excommunication, sunshiny days happened (for upon whichever of the parties sunshiny days there were, and should first break the vow they very brilliant ones too), of these had taken. I was permitted freely to partake; and the most distinguished characters, both at court and in the army, were always ready to contribute, as far as possible, to promote what they thought or saw was the object of my pursuits or entertainment.

It is here a proper period to finish the history of Abyssinia; as I was no further present at, or informed of, the public transactions which followed.

My whole attention was now taken up in preparations for my return through the kingdom of Sennaar and the desert. Neither shall I take up the reader's time with a long narrative of leavetaking, or what passed between me and those illustrious personages with whom I had lived so long in the most perfect and cordial friendship. Men of little and envious mind would perhaps think I was composing a panegyric upon myself, from which, therefore, I most willingly refrain. But the several marks of goodness, friendship, and esteem which I received at parting are confined within my own breast, where they never shall be effaced, but continue to furnish me with the most agreeable reflections, since they were the fruit alone of personal merit, and of honest, steady,

I shall only here mention what passed at the last interview I had with the Iteghé, two days before my departure. Tensa Christos, who was one of the chief priests of Gondar, was a native of Gojam, and consequently of the low church, or a follower of Abba Eustathius, in other words, as great an enemy as possible to the Catholic, or, as they call it, the religion of the Franks.

This priest came often to the Iteghe's and Ayto Aylo's, with both of whom he was much in favour, and here I now happened to meet him, when I was taking my leave in the evening. 'I beg of you,' says he, 'Yagoube, as a favour, to tell me, now you are immediately

going away from this country, | my head, and, to my great

surprise, instead of a benediction, repeated the Lord's prayer. I was afraid he would have kept me stooping till he should add the ten commandments likewise, when he concluded,

and you can answer me without fear, Are you really a Frank, or are you not?' 'Sir,' said I, 'I do not know what you mean by fear; I should as little decline answering you any question you have to askGzier y' Baracuc,' May God had I ten years to stay, as bless you. After which, I made now I am to quit this country my obeisance to the Iteghé, to-morrow.' and immediately withdrew; it not being the custom, at public audience, to salute any one in the presence of the sovereign.

We then entered on the merits of our different forms of faith, he defending the Greek Church with considerable energy and vigour. After this conversation, I stood by Tensa Christos, saying, And now, holy father, I have one last favour to ask you, which is your forgiveness, if I have at any time offended you; your blessing, now that I am immediately to depart, if I have it not; and your prayers while on my long and dangerous journey, through countries of infidels and pagans.'

A hum of applause sounded all throughout the room. The Iteghé said something, but what, I did not hear. Tensa Christos was surprised apparently at my humility, which he had not expected, and cried out, with tears in his eyes, 'Is it possible, Yagoube, that you believe my prayers can do you any good?' 'I should not be a Christian, as I profess to be, father,' replied I, if I had any doubt of the effect of good men's prayers.' So saying I stooped to kiss his hand, when he laid a small iron cross upon

Twenty greasy monks, however, had placed themselves in my way as I went out, that they might have the credit of giving me the blessing likewise after Tensa Christos. As I had very little faith in the prayers of these drones, so I had some reluctance to kiss their greasy hands and sleeves; however, in running this disagreeable gauntlet, I gave them my blessing in English,-Lord send you all a halter, as he did to Abba Salama (meaning the Acab Saat). But they, thinking I was recommending them to the patriarch Abba Salama, pronounced at random, with great seeming devotion, their Amen,-So be it.

CHAPTER XIII.

From Gondar to Sennaar.

IT was the 26th of December 1771, at one o'clock in the afternoon, that I left Gondar. I had

purposed to set out early in the ❘ morning, but was detained by the importunity of my friends. The king had delayed my setting out, by several orders sent me in the evening each day; and I plainly saw there was some meaning in this, and that he was wishing to throw difficulties in the way till some accident or sudden emergency (never wanting in that country) should make it absolutely impossible for me to leave Abyssinia. When, therefore, the last message came to Koscam on the 27th, at night, I returned my respectful duty to his majesty, put him in mind of his promise, and, somewhat peevishly, I believe, entreated him to leave me to my fortune; that my servants were already gone, and I was resolved to set out next morning.

that, distant as they then were, they were not in safety, if we had a disposition to do them harm. They seemed to understand our meaning by gliding through among the bushes, and appearing at the top of a hill farther off, where they conti nued hooping and crying, and making divers signs, which we could not, neither did we endeavour to understand. My message sent to them was, that if they showed the smallest appearance of further insolence, either by approaching the tent or slinging stones that night, the next morning, when the horse I expected were come up, I would burn their town and put every man of them to the sword. A very submissive answer was sent back, with a heap of lies in excuse of what they called their mistake. My two servants coming soon after, both of whom, hereafter, were to be in the service of Ayto Confu, went boldly one to each village to bring two goats, some jars of bouza, and to prepare fifty loaves of bread for next morning. The goats were despatched instantly, so was the bouza; but when the morning came, the people had all fled from their houses without preparing any bread. These villages were called Gimbaar.

In continuing our journey, we entered a thick wood winding round a hill, in a southeast direction, to get into the plain below, where we were surrounded by a great multitude of men armed with lances, shields, slings, and large clubs, or sticks, who rained a shower of stones towards us, as I may say, for they were at such a distance that all of them fell greatly short of us. I, therefore, ordered two shots to be fired over This was the only extraorditheir heads, not with any inten-nary incident which happened tion to hurt them, but to let them hear, by the balls whistling among the leaves of the trees, that our guns carried farther than any of their slings; and

on our way to Tcherkin. I was met by a servant of Ayto Confu, who proposed that I should set out with him alone the next morning for Tcherkin, where I

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