Reasons of my refusal. After two days con- 'occasions should be given to procure her maference, we agreed upon a Form of Submission,jesty's displeasure agamst me; promising that as followeth: The Form of that Submission which was offered unto me, and I refused. 'I John Udall have been hitherto, by due course of law, convicted of Felony, for penning and setting forth a certain Book, called, A Demonstration of Discipline; wherein false, ▾ slanderous, and seditious matters are contained, against her majesty's prerogative-royal, her crown and dignity, and against the laws and government ecclesiastical and temporal, established by law under her highness, and tending to the erecting of a new form of go❝vernment, contrary to her said laws: all which < Points I do now, by the grace of God, perceive to be very dangerous to the peace of this realm and church, seditious in the commonwealth, and justly offensive to the queen's most excellent majesty; so as thereby I now seeing the grievousness of this my Offence, do most humbly on my knees, before God and this presence, submit myself to the mercy of her highness; being most sorry, that so deeply and worthily I have incurred her majesty's 'indignation against me: promising, if it shall please God to move her royal heart to have ✔ compassion on me, a most sorrowful convicted person, that I will for ever hereafter forsake all such undutiful and dangerous courses, and ' demean myself dutifully and peaceably to all authorities both civil and ecclesiastical, established in this realm; for I do acknowledge them to be both lawful and godly, and to be 'obeyed of every faithful subject.' The Form of that Submission whereunto I did consent, and set my hand. With these three Protestations I do submit myself in manner as followeth : 1. I hold the 'Cause of Discipline debated in that Book, to be an undoubted truth. 2. I never imagined any evil against her majesty's person or 'estate; but have sought to honour them both. 3. I never proposed to do or persuade any thing, whereby the Discipline might be advanced, but by peaceable means; endeavouring to keep within the compass of law.' I John Udall have been by due course of law, convicted and condemned of Felony, for penning and publishing a certain Book, called The Demonstration of Discipline;' in the Preface whereof, some matter, as also the manner of writing, I confess to be in some part so bitter and undutiful, as deserveth justly to be censured and punished, and justly 'offensive to the queen's most excellent majesty: Wherefore the Trial of the law imputing unto me all such defaults as are in that Book, and laying the punishment of the same, in most grievous manner, upon me; and I seeing the grievousness of this offence, do most humbly on my knees, as in the presence of • God, submit myself to the mercy of her highBess, being most sorry that so deep and just if it shall please God to move her royal heart 'to have compassion on me, a most sorrowful 'condemned person, that I will for ever hereafter forsake all undutiful and dangerous courses, and demean myself dutifully and peaceably, as becometh a minister of the gospel, and as a loyal subject to the queen's most "excellent majesty.' At the same time that Dr. Bond was with me, I received a Letter from a friend of mine, that did solicit sir Walter Raleigh for me; wherein were these words: "Sir Walter Raleigh willed me to let you understand, that her majesty is informed of you, that you hold that the Church of England is no Church, and the Sacraments of the same no Sacraments; and that all her Ecclesiastical Laws are against the Word of God, and so her Government; and that all Ecclesiastical matters ought to be governed by a Presbytery, and she herself to be subject to the censures thereof: And that for these things, and such-like, you are not worthy to live. But if you will write half a dozen Lines under your hand, unto sir Walter, concerning these Opinions, that he may shew it to her majesty, he hopeth to obtain your life. I know it is an easy thing for you to answer all these things; and therefore do it with speed, and in your writing to sir Walter, take knowledge that he hath sent you such word." Raleigh, and what I hold in these Points, as Hereupon I wrote a Letter to sir Walter followeth. To the Right Honourable Sir Walter Raleigh, Kt. Lord Warden of the Stannary: "My duty being remembered unto your lordship, I humbly thank your honour for your great and honourable care over me, and for my good; whereof I trust you shall never be ashamed: most humbly beseeching your good lordship to be a means to appease her majesty's indignation conceived against me, by means of some Accusations untruly suggested. For, God is my witness, I have never had any earthly thing in so precious account, as to honour her highness; and to draw her subjects to acknowledge with all thankfulness, the exceeding blessings that God bestoweth upon them by her majesty's happy government, whereof I trust mine Adversaries will be witnesses, when I am dead. I have sent unto your lordship (as in perplexity I could upon the sudden) what I hold concerning certain Points declared unto me, as from your lordship; praying that it would please you to make known the truth thereof unto her highness: And if neither my submission, heretofore delivered, nor these things now set down, will be accepted to draw her highness, of her gracious compassion, to pardon me, that yet it would please her majesty (that the land may not be charged with my blood) to change my punishment from Death to Banishment. Thus trusting your lordship will vouchsafe me this 6 God, injurious to all men, and directly con contrary to God's Word: neither do I believe that a christian prince ought otherwise to be subject to the Censures of the Church, than our gracious queen professeth herself to be unto the preaching of the Word, and adminis 'tration of the Sacraments, according to the doctrine of our Church, in Mr. Nowell's Cate chism, and the Homilies of the right use of These things thus passed, I remained as before, without any great hope of liberty, or fear of extremity, until the next Assizes drew near: at last there came Mr. Nowell, dean of Pauls, and Mr. Dr. Andrews with a new Submission, yet containing nothing (one clause excepted) which was not in the former, which I condescended unto; notwithstanding I refused presently to set my hand unto it (though they promised in the name of the council, that in yielding to it I should obtam pardon and liberty) because I would do nothing without good advice and consideration. The Copy of the Submission given me by Mr. Dean of Pauls, with his name to it, as followeth : 1. I do believe, and have often preached, that the Church of England is a part of the true visible Church of Christ; and that the 'preaching of the Word and administration of the Sacraments therein, are the holy Ordi-the Church, at this day appointed publicly to 'nances of God, profitable and comfortable to 'be read.-If I understand of any other thing every one that rightly partakes thereof: in that I am charged to hold as a strange and which regard I have been, and do yet desire private opinion, I would be willing to shew to be, a preacher in the same church; and my mind freely in it; for my desire is, that have communicated in the Sacraments and 'her highness might truly be informed of Prayers therein, for the space of seven years every thing that I hold; so should I be sure at Kingston, and about a year at Newcastle 'to obtain her gracious favour, without which upon Tine, immediately before mine impri-I do not desire to live.' sonment: And therefore I do from my heart 'utterly renounce the schism whereinto the Brownists have fallen, in condemning the 'churches of England, and separating themselves from communicating in the public ministry thereof.-2. I know no other but that ⚫ the statute-laws of this land do maintain the holy Ministry of the Word and Sacraments, in 'such manner, as any christian may, with a 'safe conscience, both administer therein, and ' communicate therewithal: Also that the law which requireth a Subscription to the articles of Religion, so far as they contain the Doctrine of Faith and Sacraments, is agreeable to the Word of God.-3. I do believe, that by the Word of God, her majesty hath, and ought 'to have a supreme authority over all persons, in all causes, both ecclesiastical and civil, to inforce every man to do his duty, and to be • obedient in every thing that is not contrary to 'the Word of God. And if the Prince should • command any thing contrary to God's Word, it is not lawful for the subjects to rebel or resist, no not so much as in thought, but with ⚫ patience and humility, to bear all the punish'ments laid upon them; seeking only by prayer to God, and supplication to authority, and such like peaceable means, to have faults ⚫ amended.-4. I do believe that by the word of God, the churches rightly reformed ought to be governed ecclesiastically by the minis<ters assisted with elders; and this is not my private judgment, but such as I have learned out of the Word of God, been confirmed in by the Writings of the most learned and godlying that if it shall please God to move her men of antient and latter times, and have seen practised with much peace and comfort in the best reformed churches in Europe, and even by those Exiles which her majesty to her great honour hath hitherto protected.-5. I do believe that the censures of the Church ought merely to concern the soul, and may not impeach any subject, much less any prince, in the liberty of body, dominion, goods, or any earthly privilege whatsoever; and that therefore the papal excommunication that deposeth princes, and freeth their subjects from their allegiance, or any part of christian obedi⚫ence to civil authority, is blasphemous against 'I John Udall have been heretofore, by due 'course of law, convicted and condemned of Fe'lony, for penning and publishing a certain 'Book, called The Demonstration of Discipline;' in the preface whereof, some matter, as also the manner of handling of it, I confess in some parts to be so bitter and undutiful, as 'deserveth justly to be censured and punished according to the laws of this realm, established ' under her highness, and justly offensive to the queen's most excellent majesty: wherefore I now seeing the grievousness of this offence, 'do most humbly on my knees, and in the presence of God, submit myself to the mercy of her highness, being most sorry that so deep ' and just occasion should be given to procure her majesty's displeasure against me; promis majesty's royal heart to have compassion on me, a most sorrowful condemned person, I ' will ever hereafter forsake all undutiful, sedi'tious and dangerous courses, and demean my'self dutifully, and peaceably, as becometh a 'minister of the Gospel and a loyal subject of 'the queen's most excellent majesty. This is the true Copy of the Submission sent unto me from her majesty's most honourable Privy Council. ALEXANDER NOWELL.' When I had weighed with myself, that the Clause which is added may admit a good interpretation, and the omitting of that which is left out of my former Submission, causeth no ill sense of that which is set down, I condescended (being also advised thereunto by my good and godly friends) to set my hand unto it; and thereupon wrote a Letter unto Mr. Nowell as followeth : "Right worshipful Mr. Dean, "I praise God with all my heart, that authority hath so good remembrance of my lamentable estate, and yet more that by the same I am for my Form of Submission to deal with a man of that piety and wisdom, that you have been worthily in the Church long agone esteemed to be of, and so have continued to this reverend age that you are come unto. It may please you, sir, to understand, that I have considered of the Form of Submission, that your worship brought unto me, and find nothing in it, but that in a good conscience I can yield unto; for it requireth not of me any denial or disallowance of the Cause of Discipline debated in the Book, for which I am in question; the substance | of which doctrine I believe to be the undoubted Truth of God, and therefore ought never to deny or disallow it: notwithstanding with my persuasion I take God to witness, that I never purposed to do or persuade any thing, whereby it might be advanced, but by peacable means, endeavouring to keep within the compass of law. Further also the said Form of Submission chargeth me not with any malice against her majesty, from which likewise I acknowledge as in the presence of our Saviour Christ, that is ready to come to judge the quick and the dead, that I have been always free, and have carried | a Christian, loving and dutiful affection to her majesty's royal person and estate, as I know by the Word of God I ought to do; which being so, I have resolved to satisfy the authority from which you brought me the said Form of Submission, and at your good pleasure without further limitation simply to subscribe it.-Good Mr. Dean, in the bowels of Christ have compassion of my estate, more ways lamentablefhan I can in a few or many words express, or (as I think) any other but only the spirit that is taught to pray with groans that cannot be uttered: and in such Christian compassion, by your favourable and earnest mediation to the authority that may relieve me, procure my Pardon and free Discharge, of the dangers and troubles wherein I am; that I may say with the Prophet, I shall not die, but live, and declare the works of the Lord.'-So shall not only my poor wife and children, but I hope many others praise God for you in that respect, and myself as beholden unto you in a case of life, continually pray for your good estate to the Lord of life blessed for ever. Amen.' After I had thus set my hand hereunto, I advised also to write unto certain of the Council, and other honourable persons besides; partly to let them understand in what sense I had yielded hereunto, and partly to entreat their favour, and furthermore for my liberty: the copy of which Letter (for it was the same word for word to every one, the title of their several estates excepted) here ensueth. "Right honourable, My present lamentable condition enforceth me, in most humble manner, to crave so much leisure of your lordships from the weighty affairs of the State, as to consider of these few lines. The reverend Mr. Nowell, dean of Paul's, and Mr. Dr. Andrews, a few days ago brought me a Form of Submission (as they said) from au thority, with hope of favour for my life, if I would yield unto it. Whereof having considered, and finding nothing in it, but which I had heretofore yielded unto, when Mr. Dr. Bond was with me, one Clause excepted, to wit, That the faults do deserve to be punished according to the laws of the land: which yet hath no such words, but may bear so good a sense, as I think I may in such Form submit myself, without either condemning the suit for a further reformation, or myself as justly deserving by the laws to die; I cannot discern sufficient cause to refuse it, for by the hardest word that I have by due course of law been convicted and condemned; I understand the Form of Proceeding by Indictment, Arraignment, Jury, Witnesses and such like, as also by that Clause, That the manner of writing is in some part such, as deserveth justly to be censured and punished by the laws of this land; I mean of such censures as the good laws of this land, administered with jus tice, do ordain for punishing of such Offences in the manner of writing; which cannot be of death, without malice against her majesty; from which (I take Almighty God to witness) I have been always free. In regard whereof, I feared lest I might be thought to stand too conten. tiously and undutifully with authority, and to be too careless of mine own estate, if I should not yield to such a Form of Submission as they brought unto me. Wherein having yielded, as far as in conscience I may, and as authority by their means requireth of me; my most humble suit to your lordships is, that in your Christian and honourable compassion of my most lamentable estate, that it may please your lordships, by your favourable mediation to her excellent majesty, to further my most humble suit, for my pardon and free discharge of these my grievous troubles. So shall I be bound yet more heartily to praise God for your honours, and to pray unto God for your prosperous estate long to endure, to the glory of Almighty God, and to your own everlasting comfort." Within four or five days after, Mr. Dr. Andrews returned unto me, signifying that all that was done was mistaken, for that was not the Submission that was meant of me, but another. Which when I had perused, I found it the same (only the last Clause left out) which was offered me by the Judges at the Assizes: And he said, the Clerk to whom the making of the Letter to Mr. Nowell was committed, put in one for another. And because I utterly refused to consult of it, as having yielded before to so much as I might, he prayed me to understand what I took exceptions against, and for what reasons. we entered into many Discourses; as first, how the Discipline could be said to be against the So : queen's prerogative royal, seeing it was (as I said I did believe) expressed in the Scriptures, whereby all lawful privileges of princes are warranted. Then we debated whether the Supremacy of a Christian prince be the same with an heathen, or diverse from it. After that, whether the authority of princes in making church laws, be de jure, or de facto only and lastly, of the most points of Discipline. Thus we continued five or six hours, and at last he would have no answer of me then, but he prayed me to advise of it, for he would come again. I answered, that the oftener he came, the welcomer he should be, but I told him I would not accept of it; yet he came twice after, and took my Reasons of my Refusal to yield thereunto; and promising me all the favour he could procure me, he departed. After this the Assizes approaching, and the general report being that it would go hard with me; I being desirous to use any good means, did not only solicit the earl of Essex, and sir Walter Raleigh, who had heretofore dealt for me; but also I was advised to write again unto Mr. Nowell, earnestly charging him to take my case to heart, seeing he had promised to procure me favour: whereupon I wrote unto him this Letter following: Right worshipful Mr. Nowell. to draw that from a Preacher and Professor of the Gospel, which afterward shall be used to hasten his end and you will say it had been 'better that you had never been of any reckoning, than to be made an instrument to further 'such an action. This I write unto you, not in any troubled affection with the fear of 'death, for I thank God I am willing to end my days, and (if it please the Lord), even in 'this manner; and hope that my death shall 'further the cause for which I suffer, more than my life but lest I should neglect any means which might seem to be a furtherance to prevent the same, or leave that duty unperformed unto you, which I take myself in conscience bound to discharge. The Lord make 'us willing and able to discharge every good duty, that he enjoineth us, to his glory, the good of his Church, and our own comfort, whether by Life or Death!' About the same time came a Letter from the king of Scotland to a Scotish merchant, one Mr. Johnson, lying in London, to be delivered to her majesty (as was said), being written in my behalf, as he had done once before when I was close Prisoner; this Letter did the merchant deliver to her majesty, and the dean of Paul's upon my Letter went to the Council; whereby whatsoever was wrought, as soon as the Judges heard that I was brought to King immediately returned unto the White-Lion in the evening, before the first day thereof. Afterward Mr. Johnson had the Copy of the king's Letter sent unto him, which then appeared to be written not for me alone, but also for the rest of my brethren the Ministers in Prison for the same Cause of Discipline; the tenor of which Letter here followeth : The just Copy of the King's Letter sent to her 'As I did rejoice when I perceived that you VOL. I. "RIGHT Excellent, High and Mighty Princess, our dearest sister and cousin, in our heartiest manner we recommend us unto you: hearing of the apprehension of Mr. Udall, and Mr. 'Cartwright, and certain other Ministers of the Evangel within your realm, of whose good ' erudition and fruitful travels in the Church, we hear a very credible commendation; howsoever that their diversity from the bishops ' and others of your clergy, in matters touching them in conscience, hath been a mean by their dilation to work them your misliking; at this present we cannot (weighing the duty which we owe to such as are afflicted for 'their conscience in that profession) but by 6 our most effectuous and earnest Letter inter( pone us at your hands, to any harder usage of them for that cause: requesting you most earnestly, that for our cause and intercession it may please you to let them to be relieved of their present strait, and whatsoever further 'accusations or pursuit depending on that ground, respecting both their former merit, in 'setting forth of the Evangel, the simplicity of. their conscience in this defence, which can 4 P not well be their lett by compulsion, and the < great slander which could not fail to fall out 6 upon their further straiting for any such oc'casion: which we assure us your zeal for religion, besides the expectation we have of your good-will to pleasure us, will willingly accord to our request, having such proofs from time to time of our like disposition to you, in any "matters which you recommend unto us. And thus, right excellent, right High and Mighty 'Princess, our dear sister and cousin, we commit you to God's good protection. From Edinburgh the 12th day of June, 1591. Presently upon these things fell out that wretched matter of that leud fellow Hacket, whereby the adversary did take occasion so to slander the truth, and to disgrace the professors of the same unto her majesty, that I thought it bootless to sue. And So I did little till the Lord Chancellor was dead, and forgotten by such as were sorry for it; so that about Easter term following, I sued for liberty to go to church, which was denied me, being a condemned man: but by the lord Treasurer's means, I got a copy of my indictment, which before I could not obtain. Hereupon I getting a Pardon framed according to the Indictment, sent it with a Petition by my wife to the Council, who referred me to the Archbishop, unto whom I both had sent divers Petitions, and dutiful Letters, and also got many of my friends, both honourable personages and others, to sue him, yet could not his good-will be gotten. At last the Turkey merchants having my consent to go for a time into Guinea to teach their people that abide in that place, if they could procure my liberty, sent unto him for his consent, who promised his good-will, so that they would be bound that I should go indeed, when I had my liberty, But when two of the antients of the company went unto him for his hand thereunto, he would not yield it, unless they would be bound not only that I should go (which they were willing unto) but also that I should tarry there, till I had her majesty's licence to come thence.This condition they could not yield unto, for that I denied to go upon any such ground; so was their suit, and my hope of liberty, at an end; saving that one Mr. Cavell, who had been the first beginner of it, and being to go into Turkey did most affect it, moved the dean of Paul's in it: who thereupon wrote to my lord Keeper, persuading him of the conveniency of that journey for me, and my fitness thereunto. Which letter when he received, he did so deal with the archbishop, as they both promised at their next meeting at court to deal with her majesty to sign my pardon, that so I might have liberty to go the voyage.-But her majesty never did sign the Pardon, and the Turkey ships going away without him, Udall died in the Marshalsea prison about the end of the year 1592, quite heart-broken with sorrow and grief. 69. The Trial of Sir JOHN PERROT, Lord Deputy of Ireland, at Westminster, for High Treason: 34 ELIZ. April 27, A. D. 1592. THE Commissioners were, the Lord Chamberlain, the lord Buckhurst, sir Robert Cecill, Secretary Woolley, Mr. Fortescue, the Master of the Rolls, sir Edmund Anderson, Lord Chief Justice, of the Common Pleas, Justice Periame, Justice Gawdie, Justice Fenner, Mr. Rokeby, one of the masters of her Majesty's Court of Request. Sir John Perrot being brought to the King's Bench-Bar, accompanied with the Lieutenant 6 The Effect of the INDICTMENT. That the last of January 1587, in the S0th year of the queen's majesty, he the said sir John Perrot falsely and traiterously, &c. did imagine in his heart to deprive, depose, and disinherit the queen's most excellent majesty from the royal seat, to take her life away, to make slaughter in her realm, to raise Rebellion in England and Ireland; and that he did realms.-That one James Eustace, viscount Baltinglas, being a false Traitor to her majesty and the state, sent Letters of Treason from Madrid to the said sir John Perrot by one Dennis Oroughan, an Irish priest. That the ⚫ said sir John sent Letters of Treason to the 'said viscount Baltinglas into Spain, by the guid Dennis Oroughan.-That whereas the queen's majesty, in April the 27th of her ma of the Tower, and sir Henry Lee; and procla-procure a foreign power to invade the two mation for silence being made, the Lieutenant was commanded to return his writ of Habeas Corpus. Then was sir John commanded to hold up his hand. Here sir John Perrot made low obeysance, and desired he might be heard to speak before he held up his hand. He protested that he never had thought of Treason against her majesty, and desired that the witnesses might be good and sufficient: he knew well the place whereunto he was brought, and‘jesty's reign, did write her Letters to the said therefore he would submit himself humbly to their honours, and said, sithence it was God's | will, and her majesty's, he gave God hearty thanks therefore.-Then was he bid to hold up his hand agam. Whereunto he answered, Look what is to be done; and here is as true a man's hand as ever came in this place. sir John Perrot, signifying unto him that her pleasure was, that the said sir John should 'not proceed in any matters of government, without the advice of some of her majesty's 'council in Ireland, wherein she graciously ad'vised him not to murmur, but to take the same dutifully, and in good part; notwith |